During World War II Pidkamin, (Polish: Podkamień), was a shelter for Poles from the neighbouring province of Volhynia, who had escaped the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and sought refuge in the local Dominican monastery.[1] The complex was surrounded by walls and was located on a hill that dominated the surrounding area and as a result provided a relatively safe haven for refugees.[5] Around 2,000 people[4] were living at Podkamin town and the monastery when it was attacked in March 1944, by the UIA in cooperation with 14th SS Division.[2]
The massacreedit
On the first day of the attack it was repelled by a small self-defence group, and that night some of the inhabitants managed to escape. The next day the UIA promised to spare the inhabitants lives in exchange for the surrender of the monastery.[4] According to author Sol Littman, while the monastery was being evacuated the UIA opened fire and entered the monastery complex, and massacred a number of people, including the clergy.[6] The bodies of the dead were then thrown into the well. Afterwards the UIA camped in the nearby town of Pidkamin, and between the 12–16 March repeatedly attacked people hiding in the villages. On 16 March, as the Soviet Red Army approached, the UIA withdrew from the area.[4]
Aftermathedit
According to Henryk Komański and Szczepan Siekierka, approximately 100 ethnic Poles were murdered in the monastery, and additional 500 were killed in the town of Pidkamen itself. In the nearby village of Palikrowy, 365 Poles were killed. Armed Ukrainian groups destroyed the monastery, stealing all the valuables, except for the monastery's crowned icon.[4]Tadeusz Piotrowski who based his findings on the Home Army or German Police sources, estimates that the number of victims in the monastery and adjacent villages numbered 1000.[3] Among the survivors was the renowned writer and painter, Leopold Buczkowski.[7]
Footnotesedit
^ abGrzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska Partyzantka 1942–1960, Warszawa 2006, p. 182, 385
^ abOrganization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, Chapter 5 2008-12-19 at the Wayback Machine Kiev, Ukraine: Institute of History of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences. Chapter written by Ihor Ilyushin. pg. 285
^ abTadeusz Piotrowski (2000). Genocide and Rescue in Wołyń: Recollections of the Ukrainian Nationalist Ethnic Cleansing Campaign Against the Poles During World War II. McFarland. pp. 1–245. ISBN9780786407736. Retrieved 2015-01-23.
^ abcdeHenryk Komański, Szczepan Siekierka, Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na Polakach w województwie tarnopolskim w latach 1939–1946; 1182 pages, format B5, 379 illustrations, hard cover. Pages: 362-363
^Littman, S. (2003). Pure Soldiers Or Sinister Legion: The Ukrainian 14th Waffen-SS Division. Black Rose Books. pp. 1–75. ISBN9781551642185. Retrieved 2015-01-23.
^Rąkowski, G. (2005). Ziemia lwowska. Rewasz. p. 339. ISBN9788389188663. Retrieved 2015-01-23.
Grzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska Partyzantka 1942–1960, Warszawa 2006. Pages: 182, 385.
Per Anders Rudling, They Defended Ukraine’: The 14. Waffen-Grenadier-Division der SS (Galizische Nr. 1) Revisited, The Journal of Slavic Military Studies, 25:3, 329-368 online version
External linksedit
From Hiding Place to Hiding Place by Regina Hader Rock. Recollections of a Jewish survivor of the war, living in the area of Podkamien
A webpage of former Polish inhabitants of the town
List of Poles murdered by Ukrainian nationalists in Podkamien and neighboring villages
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The Pidkamin massacre or the Podkamien massacre of 12 March 1944 was the massacre of Polish civilians committed by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army UPA under the command of Maksym Skorupsky Maks citation needed in cooperation with a unit of the 14th SS Volunteer Division Galician The victims were ethnic Polish residents of the Eastern Galician village of Podkamien in the occupied Second Polish Republic s Tarnopol Voivodeship now Pidkamin Zolochiv Raion Ukraine During the war the area was administratively part of the Nazi German Reichskommissariat Ukraine now Ternopil Oblast Estimates of victims include 150 1 more than 250 2 and up to 1000 3 4 Bullet marks on the Church of Ascension at the Pidkamin Abbey stormed by UPA on 12 March 1944Polish graveyard in Podkamien Contents 1 Prelude 2 The massacre 3 Aftermath 4 Footnotes 5 See also 6 Sources 7 External linksPrelude editDuring World War II Pidkamin Polish Podkamien was a shelter for Poles from the neighbouring province of Volhynia who had escaped the Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and sought refuge in the local Dominican monastery 1 The complex was surrounded by walls and was located on a hill that dominated the surrounding area and as a result provided a relatively safe haven for refugees 5 Around 2 000 people 4 were living at Podkamin town and the monastery when it was attacked in March 1944 by the UIA in cooperation with 14th SS Division 2 The massacre editOn the first day of the attack it was repelled by a small self defence group and that night some of the inhabitants managed to escape The next day the UIA promised to spare the inhabitants lives in exchange for the surrender of the monastery 4 According to author Sol Littman while the monastery was being evacuated the UIA opened fire and entered the monastery complex and massacred a number of people including the clergy 6 The bodies of the dead were then thrown into the well Afterwards the UIA camped in the nearby town of Pidkamin and between the 12 16 March repeatedly attacked people hiding in the villages On 16 March as the Soviet Red Army approached the UIA withdrew from the area 4 Aftermath editAccording to Henryk Komanski and Szczepan Siekierka approximately 100 ethnic Poles were murdered in the monastery and additional 500 were killed in the town of Pidkamen itself In the nearby village of Palikrowy 365 Poles were killed Armed Ukrainian groups destroyed the monastery stealing all the valuables except for the monastery s crowned icon 4 Tadeusz Piotrowski who based his findings on the Home Army or German Police sources estimates that the number of victims in the monastery and adjacent villages numbered 1000 3 Among the survivors was the renowned writer and painter Leopold Buczkowski 7 Footnotes edit a b Grzegorz Motyka Ukrainska Partyzantka 1942 1960 Warszawa 2006 p 182 385 a b Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army Chapter 5 Archived 2008 12 19 at the Wayback Machine Kiev Ukraine Institute of History of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences Chapter written by Ihor Ilyushin pg 285 a b Tadeusz Piotrowski 2000 Genocide and Rescue in Wolyn Recollections of the Ukrainian Nationalist Ethnic Cleansing Campaign Against the Poles During World War II McFarland pp 1 245 ISBN 9780786407736 Retrieved 2015 01 23 a b c d e Henryk Komanski Szczepan Siekierka Ludobojstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistow ukrainskich na Polakach w wojewodztwie tarnopolskim w latach 1939 1946 1182 pages format B5 379 illustrations hard cover Pages 362 363 Mikolaj Falkowski Podkamien Perla Kresow Miejsce pamieci ofiar UPA Official webpage of the Polish Radio Littman S 2003 Pure Soldiers Or Sinister Legion The Ukrainian 14th Waffen SS Division Black Rose Books pp 1 75 ISBN 9781551642185 Retrieved 2015 01 23 Rakowski G 2005 Ziemia lwowska Rewasz p 339 ISBN 9788389188663 Retrieved 2015 01 23 See also editHistoriography of the Volyn tragedy Massacres of Poles in Volhynia Huta Pieniacka massacre Chodaczkow Wielki massacre Palikrowy massacreSources editGrzegorz Motyka Ukrainska Partyzantka 1942 1960 Warszawa 2006 Pages 182 385 Per Anders Rudling They Defended Ukraine The 14 Waffen Grenadier Division der SS Galizische Nr 1 Revisited The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 25 3 329 368 online versionExternal links editFrom Hiding Place to Hiding Place by Regina Hader Rock Recollections of a Jewish survivor of the war living in the area of Podkamien A webpage of former Polish inhabitants of the town List of Poles murdered by Ukrainian nationalists in Podkamien and neighboring villages 49 56 40 N 25 19 25 E 49 94444 N 25 32361 E 49 94444 25 32361 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pidkamin massacre amp oldid 1178323245, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
