The Picunche (a Mapudungun word meaning "North People"),[1] also referred to as picones by the Spanish, were a Mapudungun-speaking people living to the north of the Mapuches or Araucanians (a name given to those Mapuche living between the Itata and Toltén rivers) and south of the Choapa River and the Diaguitas. Until the Conquest of Chile the Itata was the natural limit between the Mapuche, located to the south, and Picunche, to the north. During the Inca attempt to conquer Chile the southern Picunche peoples that successfully resisted them were later known as the Promaucaes.
The Picunche living north of the Promaucaes were called Quillotanes[2] (those living in the Aconcagua River valley north to the Choapa) and Mapochoes (those living in the Maipo River basin) by the Spanish, and were part of the Inca Empire at the time when the first Spaniards arrived in Chile.
Among the peoples the Spanish called the Promaucaes, the people of the Rapel River valley were particularly called by this name by the Spanish.[3] Those of the Mataquito River valley were called the Cures.[3] The people in the Maule River valley and to the south were distinguished as Maules and those to the south of the Maules and north of the Itata were known as Cauqui by the Inca[4] and Cauquenes by the Spanish[3] and that gave their name to Cauquenes River.
They did not survive as a separate society into the present day, because of a general population decline and having been absorbed into the general Chilean population during the colonial period.
The indigenous Picunche disappeared by a process of mestizaje by gradually abandoning their villages (pueblo de indios) to settle in nearby Spanish haciendas. There Picunches mingled with disparate indigenous peoples brought in from Araucanía (Mapuche), Chiloé (Huilliche, Cunco, Chono, Poyas[5]) and Cuyo (Huarpe[6]).[7] Few in numbers, disconnected from their ancestral lands and diluted by mestizaje the Picunche and their descendants lost their indigenous identity.[7]
Distribution of pre-Hispanic people of Chile
Agriculture
The Picunches' primary crops consisted of corn and potatoes, and they lived in thatched-roof adobe houses.[citation needed]
References
^Elliott, Lilian Elwyn (1922). Chile Today and Tomorrow. Macmillan. p. 312. Picunche -wikipedia people.
^Juan Ignacio Molina, Compendio de la historia civil del reyno de Chile, pg. 9. Named for Quillota, one of the settlements of the Inca Empire in Chile.
^ abcJuan Ignacio Molina, Compendio de la historia civil del reyno de Chile, pg. 9.
^Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Comentarios reales, 2da_VII_20 20
^Urbina Burgos, Rodolfo (2007). "El pueblo chono: de vagabundo y pagano a cristiano y sedentario mestizado". Orbis incognitvs: avisos y legados del Nuevo Mundo(PDF) (in Spanish). Huelva: Universidad de Huelva. pp. 325–346. ISBN9788496826243.
^ ab"Migraciones locales y asentamiento indígena en las estancias españolas de Chile central, 1580-1650". Historia (in Spanish). 49 (1). 2016. doi:10.4067/S0717-71942016000100004.
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picunche, mapudungun, word, meaning, north, people, also, referred, picones, spanish, were, mapudungun, speaking, people, living, north, mapuches, araucanians, name, given, those, mapuche, living, between, itata, toltén, rivers, south, choapa, river, diaguitas. The Picunche a Mapudungun word meaning North People 1 also referred to as picones by the Spanish were a Mapudungun speaking people living to the north of the Mapuches or Araucanians a name given to those Mapuche living between the Itata and Tolten rivers and south of the Choapa River and the Diaguitas Until the Conquest of Chile the Itata was the natural limit between the Mapuche located to the south and Picunche to the north During the Inca attempt to conquer Chile the southern Picunche peoples that successfully resisted them were later known as the Promaucaes The Picunche living north of the Promaucaes were called Quillotanes 2 those living in the Aconcagua River valley north to the Choapa and Mapochoes those living in the Maipo River basin by the Spanish and were part of the Inca Empire at the time when the first Spaniards arrived in Chile Among the peoples the Spanish called the Promaucaes the people of the Rapel River valley were particularly called by this name by the Spanish 3 Those of the Mataquito River valley were called the Cures 3 The people in the Maule River valley and to the south were distinguished as Maules and those to the south of the Maules and north of the Itata were known as Cauqui by the Inca 4 and Cauquenes by the Spanish 3 and that gave their name to Cauquenes River They did not survive as a separate society into the present day because of a general population decline and having been absorbed into the general Chilean population during the colonial period The indigenous Picunche disappeared by a process of mestizaje by gradually abandoning their villages pueblo de indios to settle in nearby Spanish haciendas There Picunches mingled with disparate indigenous peoples brought in from Araucania Mapuche Chiloe Huilliche Cunco Chono Poyas 5 and Cuyo Huarpe 6 7 Few in numbers disconnected from their ancestral lands and diluted by mestizaje the Picunche and their descendants lost their indigenous identity 7 Distribution of pre Hispanic people of ChileAgriculture EditThe Picunches primary crops consisted of corn and potatoes and they lived in thatched roof adobe houses citation needed References Edit Elliott Lilian Elwyn 1922 Chile Today and Tomorrow Macmillan p 312 Picunche wikipedia people Juan Ignacio Molina Compendio de la historia civil del reyno de Chile pg 9 Named for Quillota one of the settlements of the Inca Empire in Chile a b c Juan Ignacio Molina Compendio de la historia civil del reyno de Chile pg 9 Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Comentarios reales 2da VII 20 20 Urbina Burgos Rodolfo 2007 El pueblo chono de vagabundo y pagano a cristiano y sedentario mestizado Orbis incognitvs avisos y legados del Nuevo Mundo PDF in Spanish Huelva Universidad de Huelva pp 325 346 ISBN 9788496826243 Villalobos et al 1974 pp 166 170 a b Migraciones locales y asentamiento indigena en las estancias espanolas de Chile central 1580 1650 Historia in Spanish 49 1 2016 doi 10 4067 S0717 71942016000100004 This article related to an ethnic group in South America is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This Chile related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Picunche amp oldid 1136264143, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
