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Peter Manigault

December 18, 2023

Peter Manigault (October 10, 1731 – November 12, 1773) was an attorney, plantation owner, slave owner, and colonial legislator native to Charleston, South Carolina. He was the wealthiest man in the British North American colonies at the time of his death and owned hundreds of slaves. He was the son-in-law of Joseph Wragg, the largest slave trader of North America in the 1730s.

Peter Manigault
Speaker of the South Carolina House of Commons
In office
1765–1772
Personal details
Born(1731-10-10)October 10, 1731
Charleston, Province of South Carolina, British America
DiedNovember 12, 1773(1773-11-12) (aged 42)
London, England
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1755; died 1773)​
Parent(s)Gabriel Manigault
Ann Ashby Manigault

Early life edit

 
Coat of Arms of Peter Manigault

Manigault (pronounced MAN-eh-go) was born in Charleston on October 10, 1731, and was part of a wealthy French Huguenot immigrant family.[1] Manigault was the son of Gabriel Manigault (1704–1781) and Ann (née Ashby) Manigault (1705–1782).[2][3]

His paternal grandparents were Judith (née Jetton-Gitton) Manigault and Pierre Manigault, a French Huguenot who settled in the Santee area and became a successful rice planter.[4] His maternal grandparents were John Ashby and Constantia (née Broughton) Ashby (whose brother Thomas Broughton was Governor of South Carolina).[5]

He was privately educated in the Province of South Carolina and in England, traveled extensively in Europe, studied law at London's Inner Temple, and was called to the English bar in 1752.[6]

Career edit

 
Mr. Peter Manigault and Friends. Folk art depicting Manigault and his friends drinking around his table, c. 1760.

He returned to South Carolina in 1754, where he practiced law, became a successful merchant and banker, and managed his family's extensive plantation holdings. By 1774 Manigault was the wealthiest person in the British North American colonies, with a net worth - that included hundreds of slaves - of approximately £33,000 in 1770, which was equal to approximately $4 million in 2016.[7]

Manigault served in the South Carolina House of Commons in 1755, and again from 1765 to 1773.[8] From 1765 to 1772 he was Speaker of the House.[9], citing [10] He actively opposed the British Stamp Act of 1765, and was identified with what became known as the Patriot cause.[11]

Letters edit

During Manigault's studies in London and travels in Europe, he exchanged frequent letters with his parents. This correspondence was published as part of several articles over several years in the South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine.[12]

A caricature drawn by George Roupell circa 1760 was entitled "Mr. Peter Manigault and his Friends" and depicts Manigault and several of his friends and acquaintances taking part in a drinking party.[a]

Personal life edit

 
Portrait of his wife, Elizabeth, c. 1757, by Jeremiah Theus.

In 1755, Manigault was married to Elizabeth Wragg (1736–1773).[13] She was the daughter of Judith (née Dubose) and Joseph Wragg, an English-born American who was one of the largest slave traders in British North America.[14] Their children included:[15]

In 1773, Manigault's health worsened, and he left South Carolina for England in an effort to find a cure.[17] His wife died on February 19, 1773. Manigault's health did not improve, and he died in London on November 12, 1773.[18] He was buried at French Protestant Huguenot Church Cemetery in Charleston.[19]

Descendants edit

Through his son, he was the grandfather of Elizabeth Manigault Morris (1785–1822), who married Col. Lewis Morris (a grandson of Lewis Morris, a signer of the Declaration of Independence), and were the parents of Capt. Charles Manigault Morris of the Confederate States Navy;[16] Gabriel Henry Manigault (1788–1834); and Charles Izard Manigault (1795–1874).[20][21]

The Manigault family has remained prominent in Charleston, including as owners of the city's daily newspaper, The Post and Courier, which was first purchased by Peter Manigault's great-grandson Arthur in 1896.[22]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ The caricature depicts several South Carolina Huguenots and British officers of the 42nd Regiment of Foot (then the South Carolina Independent Company) at Manigault's Steepbrook home. The event must have occurred in 1754, which was the only year that all were alive and physically in South Carolina. Clockwise, the subjects are identified as: Captain Raymond Demeré (1702-1766); "Success to Carolina, g-d damn!" Captain Massey; "This one bumper, dear Isaac." Isaac Godin; "I shall be drunk, I tell ye Massey." Captain Richard Coytmore (d. 1760); "Squire Isaac, your wig you Dog." Lieutenant Colonel Probert Howarth; "Hey to the midnight, Hark a way, hark a way." George Roupell; "Pray less noise, gentlemen." Peter Manigault; "Your tost [sic] Howarth." Lieutenant Charles Taylor; "Whose tost [sic] is it?"

References edit

  1. ^ Garraty, John Arthur (1999). American National Biography. Vol. 14. London, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. p. 411. ISBN 978-0-19-520635-7.
  2. ^ Gardner, Albert Ten Eyck; Feld, Stuart P. (1965). American Paintings: A Catalogue of the Collection of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Vol. I. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society. p. 17.
  3. ^ Gardner, Albert Ten Eyck (1965). American Paintings: A Catalogue of the Collection of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Vol. 1, Painters Born by 1815. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. 17. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  4. ^ Ingham, John N. (1983). Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders. Vol. 2. Greenwood Press: Greenwood Press. p. 851. ISBN 978-0-313-23908-3.
  5. ^ Lucas, Silas Emmett (1959). Genealogy of the Dodson (Dotson) Lucas, Pyles, Rochester, and allied families. p. 237. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
  6. ^ Salley, A. S. Jr. (1902). The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. Vol. 3. Charleston, SC: South Carolina Historical Society. p. 87.
  7. ^ Walter B. Edgar (1998). South Carolina: A History. Univ of South Carolina Press. p. 153. ISBN 978-1-57003-255-4.
  8. ^ Board of Managers, Society of Colonial Dames of the State of New York (1913). Register of the Colonial Dames of the State of New York, 1893-1913. New York, NY: Frederick H. Hitchcock. p. 348.
  9. ^ Woodmason, Charles (1953). The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of the Revolution. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. p. 269. ISBN 978-0-8078-4035-1.
  10. ^ Dictionary of American Biography, Volume 12, page 235
  11. ^ Ramsay, David (1809). The History of South-Carolina. Vol. 2. Charleston, SC: David Longworth. pp. 504–505.
  12. ^ Haw, James (1997). John & Edward Rutledge of South Carolina. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press. p. 357. ISBN 978-0-8203-1859-2.
  13. ^ Hain, Pamela Chase (2005). A Confederate Chronicle: The Life of a Civil War Survivor. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-8262-1599-4.
  14. ^ Friedman, Saul S. (1999). Jews and the American Slave Trade. Milton Park, UK: Routledge (Taylor & Francis). p. 165. ISBN 978-1-3515-1075-2.
  15. ^ a b c d e The North Carolina Historical Review. Vol. 47. Raleigh, NC: North Carolina Historical Commission. 1970. p. 17.
  16. ^ a b "Manigault, Morris, and Grimball Family Papers, 1795-1832". finding-aids.lib.unc.edu. Wilson Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  17. ^ Webber, Mabel Louise, South Carolina Historical Society (1 July 1914). "Six Letters of Peter Manigault". The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine. Charleston, SC: Walker, Evans & Cogswell. XV (3): 113.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ McDonough, Daniel J. (2000). Christopher Gadsden and Henry Laurens: The Parallel Lives of Two American Patriots. Cranbury, NJ: Associated University Press. p. 301. ISBN 978-1-57591-039-0.
  19. ^ Laurens, Henry (1981). The Papers of Henry Laurens. Vol. 9. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-87249-399-5.
  20. ^ "Charles Izard Manigault and His Family in Rome - Ferdinando Cavalleri - Google Arts & Culture". Google Cultural Institute. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  21. ^ "Charles Izard Manigault | Gibbes People's Choice". www.gibbespeopleschoice.org. Retrieved 14 December 2017.
  22. ^ "Focus on the Community". About Us: Evening Post Publishing Newspaper Group. Charleston, SC: Evening Post Industries. Retrieved 13 June 2022.

External links edit

  • Manigault, Morris, and Grimball Family Papers, 1795-1832
  • Peter Manigault at Find a Grave

December 18, 2023
peter, manigault, october, 1731, november, 1773, attorney, plantation, owner, slave, owner, colonial, legislator, native, charleston, south, carolina, wealthiest, british, north, american, colonies, time, death, owned, hundreds, slaves, joseph, wragg, largest,. Peter Manigault October 10 1731 November 12 1773 was an attorney plantation owner slave owner and colonial legislator native to Charleston South Carolina He was the wealthiest man in the British North American colonies at the time of his death and owned hundreds of slaves He was the son in law of Joseph Wragg the largest slave trader of North America in the 1730s Peter ManigaultSpeaker of the South Carolina House of CommonsIn office 1765 1772Personal detailsBorn 1731 10 10 October 10 1731Charleston Province of South Carolina British AmericaDiedNovember 12 1773 1773 11 12 aged 42 London EnglandSpouseElizabeth Wragg m 1755 died 1773 wbr Parent s Gabriel ManigaultAnn Ashby Manigault Contents 1 Early life 2 Career 2 1 Letters 3 Personal life 3 1 Descendants 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksEarly life edit nbsp Coat of Arms of Peter ManigaultManigault pronounced MAN eh go was born in Charleston on October 10 1731 and was part of a wealthy French Huguenot immigrant family 1 Manigault was the son of Gabriel Manigault 1704 1781 and Ann nee Ashby Manigault 1705 1782 2 3 His paternal grandparents were Judith nee Jetton Gitton Manigault and Pierre Manigault a French Huguenot who settled in the Santee area and became a successful rice planter 4 His maternal grandparents were John Ashby and Constantia nee Broughton Ashby whose brother Thomas Broughton was Governor of South Carolina 5 He was privately educated in the Province of South Carolina and in England traveled extensively in Europe studied law at London s Inner Temple and was called to the English bar in 1752 6 Career edit nbsp Mr Peter Manigault and Friends Folk art depicting Manigault and his friends drinking around his table c 1760 He returned to South Carolina in 1754 where he practiced law became a successful merchant and banker and managed his family s extensive plantation holdings By 1774 Manigault was the wealthiest person in the British North American colonies with a net worth that included hundreds of slaves of approximately 33 000 in 1770 which was equal to approximately 4 million in 2016 7 Manigault served in the South Carolina House of Commons in 1755 and again from 1765 to 1773 8 From 1765 to 1772 he was Speaker of the House 9 citing 10 He actively opposed the British Stamp Act of 1765 and was identified with what became known as the Patriot cause 11 Letters edit During Manigault s studies in London and travels in Europe he exchanged frequent letters with his parents This correspondence was published as part of several articles over several years in the South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine 12 A caricature drawn by George Roupell circa 1760 was entitled Mr Peter Manigault and his Friends and depicts Manigault and several of his friends and acquaintances taking part in a drinking party a Personal life edit nbsp Portrait of his wife Elizabeth c 1757 by Jeremiah Theus In 1755 Manigault was married to Elizabeth Wragg 1736 1773 13 She was the daughter of Judith nee Dubose and Joseph Wragg an English born American who was one of the largest slave traders in British North America 14 Their children included 15 Gabriel Manigault 1758 1809 15 who married Margaret Izard 1768 1824 a daughter of Continental Congressman and U S Senator Ralph Izard 16 Anne Manigault Middleton 1762 1811 who married Thomas Middleton 1753 1797 15 Joseph Manigault 1763 1843 who married Charlotte Drayton 1781 1855 15 Henrietta Manigault Heyward 1769 1827 who married Nathaniel Heyward 1766 1851 15 In 1773 Manigault s health worsened and he left South Carolina for England in an effort to find a cure 17 His wife died on February 19 1773 Manigault s health did not improve and he died in London on November 12 1773 18 He was buried at French Protestant Huguenot Church Cemetery in Charleston 19 Descendants edit Through his son he was the grandfather of Elizabeth Manigault Morris 1785 1822 who married Col Lewis Morris a grandson of Lewis Morris a signer of the Declaration of Independence and were the parents of Capt Charles Manigault Morris of the Confederate States Navy 16 Gabriel Henry Manigault 1788 1834 and Charles Izard Manigault 1795 1874 20 21 The Manigault family has remained prominent in Charleston including as owners of the city s daily newspaper The Post and Courier which was first purchased by Peter Manigault s great grandson Arthur in 1896 22 See also editList of richest Americans in historyNotes edit The caricature depicts several South Carolina Huguenots and British officers of the 42nd Regiment of Foot then the South Carolina Independent Company at Manigault s Steepbrook home The event must have occurred in 1754 which was the only year that all were alive and physically in South Carolina Clockwise the subjects are identified as Captain Raymond Demere 1702 1766 Success to Carolina g d damn Captain Massey This one bumper dear Isaac Isaac Godin I shall be drunk I tell ye Massey Captain Richard Coytmore d 1760 Squire Isaac your wig you Dog Lieutenant Colonel Probert Howarth Hey to the midnight Hark a way hark a way George Roupell Pray less noise gentlemen Peter Manigault Your tost sic Howarth Lieutenant Charles Taylor Whose tost sic is it References edit Garraty John Arthur 1999 American National Biography Vol 14 London United Kingdom Oxford University Press p 411 ISBN 978 0 19 520635 7 Gardner Albert Ten Eyck Feld Stuart P 1965 American Paintings A Catalogue of the Collection of The Metropolitan Museum of Art Vol I Greenwich CT New York Graphic Society p 17 Gardner Albert Ten Eyck 1965 American Paintings A Catalogue of the Collection of The Metropolitan Museum of Art Vol 1 Painters Born by 1815 Metropolitan Museum of Art p 17 Retrieved 24 April 2020 Ingham John N 1983 Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders Vol 2 Greenwood Press Greenwood Press p 851 ISBN 978 0 313 23908 3 Lucas Silas Emmett 1959 Genealogy of the Dodson Dotson Lucas Pyles Rochester and allied families p 237 Retrieved 24 April 2020 Salley A S Jr 1902 The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Vol 3 Charleston SC South Carolina Historical Society p 87 Walter B Edgar 1998 South Carolina A History Univ of South Carolina Press p 153 ISBN 978 1 57003 255 4 Board of Managers Society of Colonial Dames of the State of New York 1913 Register of the Colonial Dames of the State of New York 1893 1913 New York NY Frederick H Hitchcock p 348 Woodmason Charles 1953 The Carolina Backcountry on the Eve of the Revolution Chapel Hill NC University of North Carolina Press p 269 ISBN 978 0 8078 4035 1 Dictionary of American Biography Volume 12 page 235 Ramsay David 1809 The History of South Carolina Vol 2 Charleston SC David Longworth pp 504 505 Haw James 1997 John amp Edward Rutledge of South Carolina Athens GA University of Georgia Press p 357 ISBN 978 0 8203 1859 2 Hain Pamela Chase 2005 A Confederate Chronicle The Life of a Civil War Survivor Columbia MO University of Missouri Press p 2 ISBN 978 0 8262 1599 4 Friedman Saul S 1999 Jews and the American Slave Trade Milton Park UK Routledge Taylor amp Francis p 165 ISBN 978 1 3515 1075 2 a b c d e The North Carolina Historical Review Vol 47 Raleigh NC North Carolina Historical Commission 1970 p 17 a b Manigault Morris and Grimball Family Papers 1795 1832 finding aids lib unc edu Wilson Library at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Retrieved 14 December 2017 Webber Mabel Louise South Carolina Historical Society 1 July 1914 Six Letters of Peter Manigault The South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine Charleston SC Walker Evans amp Cogswell XV 3 113 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link McDonough Daniel J 2000 Christopher Gadsden and Henry Laurens The Parallel Lives of Two American Patriots Cranbury NJ Associated University Press p 301 ISBN 978 1 57591 039 0 Laurens Henry 1981 The Papers of Henry Laurens Vol 9 Columbia SC University of South Carolina Press p 151 ISBN 978 0 87249 399 5 Charles Izard Manigault and His Family in Rome Ferdinando Cavalleri Google Arts amp Culture Google Cultural Institute Retrieved 14 December 2017 Charles Izard Manigault Gibbes People s Choice www gibbespeopleschoice org Retrieved 14 December 2017 Focus on the Community About Us Evening Post Publishing Newspaper Group Charleston SC Evening Post Industries Retrieved 13 June 2022 External links editManigault Morris and Grimball Family Papers 1795 1832 Peter Manigault at Find a Grave Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Peter Manigault amp oldid 1184393214, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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