This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Pervasive refusal syndrome" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(October 2018)
According to some authors, PRS symptoms have common characteristics with other psychiatric disorders, but (according to these authors) current psychiatric classification schemes, such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, cannot account for the full scope of symptoms seen in PRS.[3] Purported symptoms include partial or complete refusal to eat, move, talk, or care for oneself; active and angry resistance to acts of help and support; social withdrawal; and school refusal.[3]
Hypothesized causesedit
Trauma might be a causal factor because PRS is repeatedly seen in refugees and witnesses to violence.[3]Viral infections might be a risk factor for PRS.[3]
Mechanismedit
Some authors hypothesize that learned helplessness is one of the mechanisms involved in PRS.[4][3] A number of cases have been reported in the context of eating disorders.[3]
Hypothesized epidemiologyedit
Epidemiological studies are lacking.[3] Pervasive refusal syndrome is reportedly more frequent in girls than boys. The average age of onset is purported to be 7–15.[3]
^ abcdefghiJaspers, Tine; Hanssen, G. M. J.; van der Valk, Judith A.; Hanekom, Johann H.; van Well, Gijs Th. J.; Schieveld, Jan N. M. (2009). "Pervasive refusal syndrome as part of the refusal–withdrawal–regression spectrum: critical review of the literature illustrated by a case report". European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 18 (11): 645–651. doi:10.1007/s00787-009-0027-6. ISSN 1018-8827. PMC2762526. PMID 19458987.
^Magagna, J. (2012). The Silent Child: Communication Without Words. London: Karnac Books. p. 141. ISBN9781855755185.
January 01, 1970
pervasive, refusal, syndrome, this, article, needs, more, reliable, medical, references, verification, relies, heavily, primary, sources, please, review, contents, article, appropriate, references, unsourced, poorly, sourced, material, challenged, removed, fin. This article needs more reliable medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Pervasive refusal syndrome news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2018 The neutrality of this article is disputed Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met May 2020 Learn how and when to remove this message Not to be confused with Post acute withdrawal syndrome Pervasive refusal syndrome PRS also known as pervasive arousal withdrawal syndrome PAWS is a rare hypothesized pediatric mental disorder 1 2 3 PRS is not included in the standard psychiatric classification systems that is PRS is not a recognized mental disorder in the World Health Organization s current ICD 10 and upcoming ICD 11 International Classification of Diseases and the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM 5 Contents 1 Purported signs and symptoms 2 Hypothesized causes 3 Mechanism 4 Hypothesized epidemiology 5 See also 6 ReferencesPurported signs and symptoms editAccording to some authors PRS symptoms have common characteristics with other psychiatric disorders but according to these authors current psychiatric classification schemes such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders cannot account for the full scope of symptoms seen in PRS 3 Purported symptoms include partial or complete refusal to eat move talk or care for oneself active and angry resistance to acts of help and support social withdrawal and school refusal 3 Hypothesized causes editTrauma might be a causal factor because PRS is repeatedly seen in refugees and witnesses to violence 3 Viral infections might be a risk factor for PRS 3 Mechanism editSome authors hypothesize that learned helplessness is one of the mechanisms involved in PRS 4 3 A number of cases have been reported in the context of eating disorders 3 Hypothesized epidemiology editEpidemiological studies are lacking 3 Pervasive refusal syndrome is reportedly more frequent in girls than boys The average age of onset is purported to be 7 15 3 See also editResignation syndrome Asylum seekers with apathetic refugee childrenReferences edit Nunn Kenneth P Lask Bryan Owen Isabel 2014 Pervasive refusal syndrome PRS 21 years on a re conceptualisation and a renaming European Child amp Adolescent Psychiatry 23 3 163 172 doi 10 1007 s00787 013 0433 7 ISSN 1435 165X PMID 23793559 S2CID 22848353 Lask Bryan 2004 Pervasive refusal syndrome Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 10 2 153 159 doi 10 1192 apt 10 2 153 ISSN 1355 5146 a b c d e f g h i Jaspers Tine Hanssen G M J van der Valk Judith A Hanekom Johann H van Well Gijs Th J Schieveld Jan N M 2009 Pervasive refusal syndrome as part of the refusal withdrawal regression spectrum critical review of the literature illustrated by a case report European Child amp Adolescent Psychiatry 18 11 645 651 doi 10 1007 s00787 009 0027 6 ISSN 1018 8827 PMC 2762526 PMID 19458987 Magagna J 2012 The Silent Child Communication Without Words London Karnac Books p 141 ISBN 9781855755185 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pervasive refusal syndrome amp oldid 1211261350, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
