Paul Chrétien
Adrien Paul Alexandre Chrétien was a French general who participated in World War I. He spent the war commanding the 30th Army Corps at throughout several battles of the Western Front.
Paul Chrétien | |
|---|---|
| Born | September 12, 1862 Auxonne, Côte-d'Or, France |
| Died | May 6, 1948 (aged 85) Harcourt, Eure, France |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance | France |
| Branch | French Army |
| Years of service | 1883 – 1921 |
| Rank | Divisional general |
| Battles/wars | Sino-French War World War I |
| Alma mater | École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr |
Biography edit
Born in Auxonne, Côte-d'Or on September 12, 1862, he graduated from the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in 1883 as a second lieutenant in the 1st Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment.
In 1892, he was a captain in the 3rd Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment. When World War I broke out, he was a colonel, but from October 19, 1914, he was given the interim command of an infantry brigade. On December 18, 1914, he was appointed brigadier general, then promoted to division general on December 23, 1915.[1] He commanded the 30th Army Corps on January 19, 1916. On January 26, he alerted the high command to the deplorable state of the defenses in the Battle of Verdun.[2][3]
Chrétien was wounded twice, first disfigured by a bullet which hit him in the right ear during the Tonkin Campaign, then hit in the knee on September 6, 1914. General Chrétien was made Commander of the Legion of Honor on March 25, 1915.
In February 1916, when the Battle of Verdun broke out, he commanded the 30th Army Corps, whose headquarters was located at Fort Souville.[4]
He after the war, he retired to Harcourt in 1921. In 1932, he became president of the Free Society of Agriculture, Sciences, Arts and Belles-Lettres of Eure as well as a member of the Société d'émulation des Côtes-d'Armor.
Personal life edit
He married Marié à Jeanne Woitier and had one son, Marcel Adrien who was born on February 28, 1898, but was killed in action on August 8, 1918, during World War I as a member of the 3rd Zouave Regiment.[5][6]
Awards edit
- Legion of Honor, Grand Officer (December 10, 1921)
- Commander on March 25, 1915
- Officer on December 30, 1906
- Knight on July 5, 1887
- Croix de guerre 1914–1918 (1 Palm)
- 1914–1918 Inter-Allied Victory medal
- Tonkin Expedition commemorative medal
- 1914–1918 Commemorative war medal
Foreign Awards edit
- Belgium: Croix de guerre
- Italy: Order of the Crown of Italy, Grand crown and grand cross
- Italy: War Merit Cross
- United Kingdom: Order of the Bath, Knights Companion
- Tunisia: Nichan Iftikhar (July 28, 1900)
References edit
- ^ OFFICIERS GÉNÉRAUX DE L'ARMÉE DE TERRE ET DES SERVICES (PDF) (in French). p. 56. Retrieved May 16, 2022.
- ^ Une chronologie Anovi de l'histoire de France en 1916
- ^ William Westerman; Nicholas Floyd (March 2020). Clash of the Gods of War: Australian Artillery and the Firepower Lessons of the Great War. Big Sky Publishing. ISBN 9781922265838. Retrieved May 15, 2022.
- ^ 'Verdun' de Georges Blond, p. 80.
- ^ Base mémoire.
- ^ Annuaire des contemporains; notices biographiques.
Bibliography edit
- Annuaire officiel de l'armée française, Berger-Levrault, Paris, 1897, p. 103
- « Le général Chrétien », in Le Pays de France, no. 171, January 24, 1918, p. 3
- Les armées françaises dans la grande guerre, Imprimerie nationale, 1934
- Bernède, Allain (2002), "Verdun 1916 : le point de vue français", Savoir pour comprendre (in French), Le Mans, Cénomane, p. 382, ISBN 978-2-905596-85-7, OCLC 52158904
- G. Douare, Verdun sauvé par le général Chrétien et le 30e corps d'armée, 21-25 février 1916, Berger-Levrault, Paris, 1953, p. 144