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Government of Palestine

May 03, 2024

The government of Palestine is the government of the Palestinian Authority or State of Palestine. The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (EC) is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and acts as the government. Since June 2007, there have been two separate administrations in Palestine, one in the West Bank and the other in the Gaza Strip. The government on the West Bank was generally recognised as the Palestinian Authority Government. On the other hand, the government in the Gaza Strip claimed to be the legitimate government of the Palestinian Authority. Until June 2014, when the Palestinian Unity Government was formed, the government in the West Bank was the Fatah-dominated Palestinian government of 2013. In the Gaza Strip, the government was the Hamas government of 2012. Following two Fatah–Hamas Agreements in 2014, on 25 September 2014 Hamas agreed to let the PA Government resume control over the Gaza Strip and its border crossings with Egypt and Israel, but that agreement had broken down by June 2015, after President Abbas said the PA government was unable to operate in the Gaza Strip.

History edit

The following organizations have claimed or exercised authority over the Palestinian people in the past:

PNA governments edit

Main article: Politics of the Palestinian National Authority

Palestinian National Authority was formally an interim administrative body established by the PLO pursuant to the Oslo Accords of 1993. Pursuant to the Oslo Accords, the PA Government had only authority over some civil rights of the Palestinians in the West Bank Areas A and B and in the Gaza Strip, and over internal security in Area A and in Gaza. One of the security tasks was the security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, which among other things aimed at the prevention of Palestinian attacks on the Israeli army and settlers. Until 2007 it exercised control of populated areas in Area A and B of the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip:

Split of Fatah and Hamas edit

Since June 2007, the Fatah-led government has exercised authority in Ramallah, West Bank, and has been recognized as the official government of the Palestinian Authority; while since Hamas took control in the Gaza Strip, it has exercised de facto control there, ousting Fatah PNA representatives in June 2007.

  • Fatah government in the West Bank
  • Governance of the Gaza Strip
    • First Hamas government 2007–12 (Hamas Administration in Gaza)
    • Second Hamas government September 2012–14 (Hamas Administration in Gaza)
    • Third Hamas government 2016–present is the Gaza-based Hamas-dominated de facto government in Gaza. It is made up of Deputy Ministers, Directors General and other high-level officials, not directly bound to the Ramallah administration. It was initially speculated that the 2016 Hamas government is an attempt by Ismail Haniyeh to return to full control of the Gaza enclave. The United States, Canada, the European Union, Japan and Israel classify Hamas as a terrorist organization and do not recognize the government. Hamas government is not recognized by the Ramallah administration of the State of Palestine.
  • Palestinian Unity Government
    • The Palestinian Unity Government was formed on 2 June 2014, following the Fatah-Hamas Reconciliation Agreement of 23 April 2014. However, the Government was not presented for approval by the Legislative Council, leading to its legitimacy being questioned. The ministers were nominally independent, but overwhelmingly seen as loyal to President Abbas and his Fatah movement or to smaller leftist factions, none of whom were believed to have close ties to Hamas. A feature of this government is the appointment of Deputy Ministers, Directors General and other high-level officials for Gaza, and not directly bound to the Ramallah administration. The government of 2014 resigned on 17 June 2015, under protest from Hamas which was not consulted.[6][7] In July and December 2015, Abbas reshuffled the cabinet and appointed new ministers without consulting Hamas, which was denounced by Hamas. Although Hamas did not recognize the new ministers and rejected the changes, the reshuffling was called "technical and not political",[8] and the new cabinet was presented as a slightly changed existing government, still called "consensus government".[9]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Abbas confirms resignation from PLO Executive Committee 2015-09-10 at the Wayback Machine. The Middle East Monitor, 24 August 2015
  2. ^ Sayigh, Yezid (1999). Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993 (illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 624. ISBN 9780198296430.
    "The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the executive committee to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established."
  3. ^ Status of Palestine in the United Nations. UNGA Resolution A/RES/67/19, 29-11-2012
    "Taking into consideration that the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization, in accordance with a decision by the Palestine National Council, is entrusted with the powers and responsibilities of the Provisional Government of the State of Palestine"
  4. ^ a b PLO vs. PA 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. Passia, September 2014
  5. ^ "New Palestinian government sworn in". The Jerusalem Post. 13 April 2019.
  6. ^ Palestinian unity government resigns. Al Jazeera, 17 June 2015
  7. ^ Hamas Rejects 'One-sided' Dissolution of Palestinian Government. Haaretz, 17 June 2015
  8. ^ . Xinhua, 1 July 2015
  9. ^ New cabinet reshuffle on consensus government. Ma’an, 1 July 2015

May 03, 2024
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The government of Palestine is the government of the Palestinian Authority or State of Palestine The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization EC is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and acts as the government Since June 2007 there have been two separate administrations in Palestine one in the West Bank and the other in the Gaza Strip The government on the West Bank was generally recognised as the Palestinian Authority Government On the other hand the government in the Gaza Strip claimed to be the legitimate government of the Palestinian Authority Until June 2014 when the Palestinian Unity Government was formed the government in the West Bank was the Fatah dominated Palestinian government of 2013 In the Gaza Strip the government was the Hamas government of 2012 Following two Fatah Hamas Agreements in 2014 on 25 September 2014 Hamas agreed to let the PA Government resume control over the Gaza Strip and its border crossings with Egypt and Israel but that agreement had broken down by June 2015 after President Abbas said the PA government was unable to operate in the Gaza Strip Contents 1 History 1 1 PNA governments 1 2 Split of Fatah and Hamas 2 See also 3 ReferencesHistory editThe following organizations have claimed or exercised authority over the Palestinian people in the past Arab Higher Committee the central political organ of the Arab community of Mandatory Palestine It was established on 25 April 1936 and was sidestepped by the All Palestine Government in 1948 First Committee 1936 1937 Arab Higher Committee Second Committee 1945 1948 Arab Higher Committee All Palestine Government a Palestinian entity set up by the Arab League in Egyptian occupied Gaza Strip on 22 September 1948 It was dissolved by Egypt in 1959 Palestine Liberation Organization has been the official representative of the Palestinian people internationally since 1964 On 22 November 1974 United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3236 recognized the right of the Palestinian people to self determination national independence and sovereignty in Palestine It also recognized the PLO as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people and accorded it observer status in the United Nations Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization EC is the highest executive body of the PLO 1 2 3 Mahmoud Abbas has been Chairman of the EC since the death of Yasser Arafat in November 2004 The EC represents the Palestinian people supervises the various PLO bodies executes the policies and decisions of the PNC and handles the PLO s financial issues 4 The EC represents the PLO internationally 4 and acts as the government of the State of Palestine PNA governments edit Main article Politics of the Palestinian National Authority Palestinian National Authority was formally an interim administrative body established by the PLO pursuant to the Oslo Accords of 1993 Pursuant to the Oslo Accords the PA Government had only authority over some civil rights of the Palestinians in the West Bank Areas A and B and in the Gaza Strip and over internal security in Area A and in Gaza One of the security tasks was the security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority which among other things aimed at the prevention of Palestinian attacks on the Israeli army and settlers Until 2007 it exercised control of populated areas in Area A and B of the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip Palestinian Authority Government of 1996 formed following the first general elections held on 20 January 1996 It was headed by Chairman of the PLO Yasser Arafat and functioned until 29 April 2003 Palestinian government of October 2002 PNA Palestinian government of November 2003 PNA Palestinian government of March 2006 PNA Palestinian government of March 2007 PNA unity of Hamas and Fatah Split of Fatah and Hamas edit Since June 2007 the Fatah led government has exercised authority in Ramallah West Bank and has been recognized as the official government of the Palestinian Authority while since Hamas took control in the Gaza Strip it has exercised de facto control there ousting Fatah PNA representatives in June 2007 Fatah government in the West Bank Palestinian governments of June July 2007 PNA Fatah Palestinian government of 2009 PNA Fatah Palestinian governments of 2013 PNA Fatah two governments were formed in 2013 in June and September after the upgrade in the United Nations of Palestine to the status of non member observer state Both were led by Rami Hamdallah Palestinian government of 2015 PNA Fatah led by Hamdallah Palestinian government of 2019 PNA Fatah the 18th Palestinian government since the establishment of the PA in 2004 led by Mohammad Shtayyeh member of the Fatah Central Committee the 23 member government includes 16 new ministers 5 Governance of the Gaza Strip First Hamas government 2007 12 Hamas Administration in Gaza Second Hamas government September 2012 14 Hamas Administration in Gaza Third Hamas government 2016 present is the Gaza based Hamas dominated de facto government in Gaza It is made up of Deputy Ministers Directors General and other high level officials not directly bound to the Ramallah administration It was initially speculated that the 2016 Hamas government is an attempt by Ismail Haniyeh to return to full control of the Gaza enclave The United States Canada the European Union Japan and Israel classify Hamas as a terrorist organization and do not recognize the government Hamas government is not recognized by the Ramallah administration of the State of Palestine Palestinian Unity Government The Palestinian Unity Government was formed on 2 June 2014 following the Fatah Hamas Reconciliation Agreement of 23 April 2014 However the Government was not presented for approval by the Legislative Council leading to its legitimacy being questioned The ministers were nominally independent but overwhelmingly seen as loyal to President Abbas and his Fatah movement or to smaller leftist factions none of whom were believed to have close ties to Hamas A feature of this government is the appointment of Deputy Ministers Directors General and other high level officials for Gaza and not directly bound to the Ramallah administration The government of 2014 resigned on 17 June 2015 under protest from Hamas which was not consulted 6 7 In July and December 2015 Abbas reshuffled the cabinet and appointed new ministers without consulting Hamas which was denounced by Hamas Although Hamas did not recognize the new ministers and rejected the changes the reshuffling was called technical and not political 8 and the new cabinet was presented as a slightly changed existing government still called consensus government 9 See also editFinance Minister of the Palestinian National Authority Foreign Affairs Minister of the Palestinian National Authority Foreign relations of Palestine Foreign relations of the Palestine Liberation Organization International recognition of the State of Palestine Israeli Civil Administration Palestinian Declaration of Independence Palestinian Ambassador to the United NationsReferences edit Abbas confirms resignation from PLO Executive Committee Archived 2015 09 10 at the Wayback Machine The Middle East Monitor 24 August 2015 Sayigh Yezid 1999 Armed Struggle and the Search for State The Palestinian National Movement 1949 1993 illustrated ed Oxford University Press p 624 ISBN 9780198296430 The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government in exile when appropriate and the executive committee to perform the functions of government until such time as a government in exile was established Status of Palestine in the United Nations UNGA Resolution A RES 67 19 29 11 2012 Taking into consideration that the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization in accordance with a decision by the Palestine National Council is entrusted with the powers and responsibilities of the Provisional Government of the State of Palestine a b PLO vs PA Archived 2016 03 04 at the Wayback Machine Passia September 2014 New Palestinian government sworn in The Jerusalem Post 13 April 2019 Palestinian unity government resigns Al Jazeera 17 June 2015 Hamas Rejects One sided Dissolution of Palestinian Government Haaretz 17 June 2015 Abbas to reshuffle Palestinian gov t Xinhua 1 July 2015 New cabinet reshuffle on consensus government Ma an 1 July 2015 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Government of Palestine amp oldid 1218547979, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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