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Palatine Higher Regional Court

October 29, 2023

The Palatine Higher Regional Court in Zweibrücken (Pfälzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrücken) is one of two Higher Regional Courts in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, along with the Higher Regional Court in Koblenz.

Palatine Higher Regional Court
Pfälzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrücken
Zweibrücken Castle, seat of the Palatine Higher Regional Court (2007)
49°14′56″N 7°21′50″E / 49.2489°N 7.3639°E / 49.2489; 7.3639
JurisdictionBerlin, Germany
LocationZweibrücken Castle, Zweibrücken, Rhineland-Palatinate
Coordinates49°14′56″N 7°21′50″E / 49.2489°N 7.3639°E / 49.2489; 7.3639
Authorized byGerichtsverfassungsgesetz [de]
Websiteolgzw.justiz.rlp.de/de/startseite/
President
CurrentlyBernhard Thurn [de]

History edit

The Palatine Higher Regional Court is one of the oldest of its kind in Germany. It was established in 1816 when King Maximilian I of Bavaria – also the last Duke of Zweibrücken in personal union – ordered the relocation of the Bavarian court of appeal, which had been established in Kaiserslautern in July 1815.

The origins of the Palatine Court of Appeal are closely linked to the administrative reorganisation of the area west of the river Rhine following the fall of Napoleon. In 1815, after the end of French rulership, the royal Austrian and Bavarian regional administration had established a court of appeal in Kaiserslautern for this area of Germany. As a result of the Congress of Vienna, parts of the western shore of the Rhine – corresponding to today's Palatinate and the Saar-Pfalz district of the state of Saarland – had been taken over by Bavaria. In 1816 the King of Bavaria, Maximilian I – also the last Duke of Zweibrücken, from 1795 to 1825 – ordered the relocation of the royal court of appeal from Kaiserslautern to Zweibrücken, to commence operations from 1 August onwards. The opening ceremony was held on 16 October 1816. The city to which the Bavarian king had felt connected since childhood was now the seat of the highest-ranking court in the Palatinate – probably to act as a balance to Speyer, where the government of the Rhineland was based.

The law practiced by the court of appeal did not change for some time after the end of the Napoleonic era. The major achievements of the French Revolution – separation of powers, legal equality of all citizens, public viewing and the principle of oral presentation during court proceedings, as well as jury involvement – endured. French law was held in high regard. These liberal achievements, including freedom of the press, were very important to the population. As a result, these modern laws were also maintained on the western shores of the Rhine under Bavarian rule. Only gradually, over a lengthy period of time, did French law become less significant - such as with the Reichsjustizgesetze coming into force on 1 October 1879, and the introduction of the German Civil Code on 1 January 1900. The German law which succeeded it was in many aspects influenced by the values of French law.

During the Restauration and Vormärz periods, the Palatinate became a stronghold of the liberal-democratic movement which reached its zenith in 1832 with the “Hambacher Fest”. Philipp Siebenpfeiffer and Johann Wirth, both journalists, had transformed Zweibrücken and Homburg into hotspots of fighting for the new rights of freedom through their establishment of the “Deutscher Preß- und Vaterlandsverein” (German Press and Fatherland Union) and publication of the “Boten aus dem Westen” (Messages from the West) and “Deutsche Tribüne” (German Tribune). In April 1832 they issued a general invitation to a large-scale but peaceable festival at Hambach Castle – in the words of Wirth a “national festival for the German people, a festival to shake off all violence within and without”. Their close circle included numerous advocates and judges from the Zweibrücken court of appeal, such as Schüler, Geib, Savoye, Cullmann and Hoffmann. On 27 May 1832, twenty to thirty thousand people assembled at Hambach Castle at what was the largest ever mass event in Germany before 1848. The Bavarian government's reaction was immediate and drastic. Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were arrested and, among others, put on trial – by jury however – before the court of appeal on a charge of high treason. To prevent further unrest the “assize trial” was transferred from Zweibrücken to Landau. The trial ended with an acquittal from the charge of high treason – however Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were subsequently put on trial before a police court for affronting authorities.

The introduction of the Reichsjustizgesetze on 1 October 1879 saw the court of appeal receive the appellation of “Higher Regional Court”. The “Bezirksgerichte” (district courts) associated with it, in Frankenthal, Kaiserslautern, Landau and Zweibrücken, became “Landgerichte” (county courts). From 1938 the Higher Regional Court assumed responsibility for the district of the Saarbrücken county court; in 1940 it added the district of the Metz county court to its jurisdiction, located in the French region of Lothringia (then under occupation by the Third Reich).

The chaos of war forced the Higher Regional Court to move twice – first to Ludwigshafen and then to Kirchheimbolanden, where its operations were temporarily put to an end in March 1945 with the entry of American troops into the town. In 1946 it resumed operations; however due to the destruction of Zweibrücken Castle during the war its seat was moved to Neustadt an der Weinstraße.

On 1 January 1965 the Higher Regional Court was moved back to the reconstructed Zweibrücken Castle. In recognition of its noteworthy past, the court was officially designated the “Pfälzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrücken” (Palatine Higher Regional Court, Zweibrücken) in 1990.

Presidents of the Higher Regional Court until 1933 edit

  • Johann Andreas Georg Friedrich von Rebmann (1815-1824)
  • Johann Baptist von Birnbaum (1824-1832)
  • Christian von Koch (1832-1846)
  • Heinrich von Schnellenbühl (1846-1852)
  • Peter E. von Korbach (1852-1871)
  • Ludwig von Weis (1871-1879)
  • Friedrich von Kiefer (1879-1889)
  • Ludwig von Zoeller (1889-1896)
  • Jakob von Fitting (1896-1898)
  • Heinrich von Hessert (1898-1903)
  • Karl von Wilhelm (1903-1908)
  • Adolf von Lippmann (1908-1914)
  • Adolf von Ziegler (1914-1919)
  • Alexander Bilabel (1919-1927)
  • Friedrich Jakob Becker (1927-1933)

Court seat/district edit

The Palatine Higher Regional Court has its seat in Zweibrücken, in Zweibrücken Castle. The area covered by its jurisdiction includes 1.5 million people. As of 1 January 2014, there are 1,459 approved lawyers living in this area.[1]

Superior and subordinate courts edit

The Palatine Higher Regional Court is subordinate only to the Federal Court of Justice (Bundesgerichtshof). Subordinate to the Higher Regional Court itself are the county courts in Frankenthal (Palatinate), Kaiserslautern, Landau in der Pfalz and Zweibrücken, along with their respective local courts.

Jurisdiction edit

The federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate has used the opportunity to concentrate responsibilities for specific aspects of “Freiwilligen Gerichtsbarkeit” (voluntary jurisdiction) on its Higher Regional Court; all such matters have been assigned to the Higher Regional Court.

Furthermore, the Rhineland-Palatinate's disciplinary tribunal for judges also takes place at the Higher Regional Court in Zweibrücken.

Administrators edit

  • Willi Kestel, President of the Palatine Higher Regional Court
  • Jörg Hoffmann, Vice-President of the Palatine Higher Regional Court

Managing directors edit

  • Matthias Lutz, Justizamtsrat

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ German Federal Bar, www.brak.de: Große Mitgliederstatistik zum 01.01.2014, 20 March 2014 (accessed 22 August 2014)

Further reading edit

  • Dury, Walter (2002). "Zweibrücken – Die pfälzische Residenz des Rechts". In Glück-Christmann, Charlotte (ed.). Zweibrücken 1793 bis 1918: ein langes Jahrhundert (in German). Zweibrücken: Stadtarchiv. pp. 150 et seqq. ISBN 978-3-00-009870-3.
  • Paulsen, Sven, ed. (1990). 175 Jahre Pfälzisches Oberlandesgericht (Festschrift) (in German). Neustadt an der Weinstraße: Meininger. ISBN 3875240855.
  • Glück, Charlotte; Baus, Martin, eds. (2015). Recht – Gesetz – Freiheit: 200 Jahre Pfälzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrücken. Veröffentlichungen der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz (in German). Vol. 121. Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland-Pfalz. ISBN 9783931014957.
  • Glück, Charlotte; Kestel, Willi (2015). "Das Pfälzische Oberlandesgericht Zweibrücken, eine Wiege der deutschen Demokratie". Blätter zum Land (in German). Vol. 66. Landeszentrale für Politische Bildung.

External links edit

  • Homepage of the Palatine Higher Regional Court, Zweibrücken
  • Overview of the Court’s dispensation of justice

October 29, 2023
palatine, higher, regional, court, zweibrücken, pfälzisches, oberlandesgericht, zweibrücken, higher, regional, courts, german, state, rhineland, palatinate, along, with, higher, regional, court, koblenz, pfälzisches, oberlandesgericht, zweibrückenzweibrücken, . The Palatine Higher Regional Court in Zweibrucken Pfalzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrucken is one of two Higher Regional Courts in the German state of Rhineland Palatinate along with the Higher Regional Court in Koblenz Palatine Higher Regional CourtPfalzisches Oberlandesgericht ZweibruckenZweibrucken Castle seat of the Palatine Higher Regional Court 2007 49 14 56 N 7 21 50 E 49 2489 N 7 3639 E 49 2489 7 3639JurisdictionBerlin GermanyLocationZweibrucken Castle Zweibrucken Rhineland PalatinateCoordinates49 14 56 N 7 21 50 E 49 2489 N 7 3639 E 49 2489 7 3639Authorized byGerichtsverfassungsgesetz de Websiteolgzw wbr justiz wbr rlp wbr de wbr de wbr startseite wbr PresidentCurrentlyBernhard Thurn de Contents 1 History 2 Presidents of the Higher Regional Court until 1933 3 Court seat district 4 Superior and subordinate courts 5 Jurisdiction 6 Administrators 7 Managing directors 8 See also 9 References 10 Further reading 11 External linksHistory editThe Palatine Higher Regional Court is one of the oldest of its kind in Germany It was established in 1816 when King Maximilian I of Bavaria also the last Duke of Zweibrucken in personal union ordered the relocation of the Bavarian court of appeal which had been established in Kaiserslautern in July 1815 The origins of the Palatine Court of Appeal are closely linked to the administrative reorganisation of the area west of the river Rhine following the fall of Napoleon In 1815 after the end of French rulership the royal Austrian and Bavarian regional administration had established a court of appeal in Kaiserslautern for this area of Germany As a result of the Congress of Vienna parts of the western shore of the Rhine corresponding to today s Palatinate and the Saar Pfalz district of the state of Saarland had been taken over by Bavaria In 1816 the King of Bavaria Maximilian I also the last Duke of Zweibrucken from 1795 to 1825 ordered the relocation of the royal court of appeal from Kaiserslautern to Zweibrucken to commence operations from 1 August onwards The opening ceremony was held on 16 October 1816 The city to which the Bavarian king had felt connected since childhood was now the seat of the highest ranking court in the Palatinate probably to act as a balance to Speyer where the government of the Rhineland was based The law practiced by the court of appeal did not change for some time after the end of the Napoleonic era The major achievements of the French Revolution separation of powers legal equality of all citizens public viewing and the principle of oral presentation during court proceedings as well as jury involvement endured French law was held in high regard These liberal achievements including freedom of the press were very important to the population As a result these modern laws were also maintained on the western shores of the Rhine under Bavarian rule Only gradually over a lengthy period of time did French law become less significant such as with the Reichsjustizgesetze coming into force on 1 October 1879 and the introduction of the German Civil Code on 1 January 1900 The German law which succeeded it was in many aspects influenced by the values of French law During the Restauration and Vormarz periods the Palatinate became a stronghold of the liberal democratic movement which reached its zenith in 1832 with the Hambacher Fest Philipp Siebenpfeiffer and Johann Wirth both journalists had transformed Zweibrucken and Homburg into hotspots of fighting for the new rights of freedom through their establishment of the Deutscher Press und Vaterlandsverein German Press and Fatherland Union and publication of the Boten aus dem Westen Messages from the West and Deutsche Tribune German Tribune In April 1832 they issued a general invitation to a large scale but peaceable festival at Hambach Castle in the words of Wirth a national festival for the German people a festival to shake off all violence within and without Their close circle included numerous advocates and judges from the Zweibrucken court of appeal such as Schuler Geib Savoye Cullmann and Hoffmann On 27 May 1832 twenty to thirty thousand people assembled at Hambach Castle at what was the largest ever mass event in Germany before 1848 The Bavarian government s reaction was immediate and drastic Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were arrested and among others put on trial by jury however before the court of appeal on a charge of high treason To prevent further unrest the assize trial was transferred from Zweibrucken to Landau The trial ended with an acquittal from the charge of high treason however Siebenpfeiffer and Wirth were subsequently put on trial before a police court for affronting authorities The introduction of the Reichsjustizgesetze on 1 October 1879 saw the court of appeal receive the appellation of Higher Regional Court The Bezirksgerichte district courts associated with it in Frankenthal Kaiserslautern Landau and Zweibrucken became Landgerichte county courts From 1938 the Higher Regional Court assumed responsibility for the district of the Saarbrucken county court in 1940 it added the district of the Metz county court to its jurisdiction located in the French region of Lothringia then under occupation by the Third Reich The chaos of war forced the Higher Regional Court to move twice first to Ludwigshafen and then to Kirchheimbolanden where its operations were temporarily put to an end in March 1945 with the entry of American troops into the town In 1946 it resumed operations however due to the destruction of Zweibrucken Castle during the war its seat was moved to Neustadt an der Weinstrasse On 1 January 1965 the Higher Regional Court was moved back to the reconstructed Zweibrucken Castle In recognition of its noteworthy past the court was officially designated the Pfalzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrucken Palatine Higher Regional Court Zweibrucken in 1990 Presidents of the Higher Regional Court until 1933 editJohann Andreas Georg Friedrich von Rebmann 1815 1824 Johann Baptist von Birnbaum 1824 1832 Christian von Koch 1832 1846 Heinrich von Schnellenbuhl 1846 1852 Peter E von Korbach 1852 1871 Ludwig von Weis 1871 1879 Friedrich von Kiefer 1879 1889 Ludwig von Zoeller 1889 1896 Jakob von Fitting 1896 1898 Heinrich von Hessert 1898 1903 Karl von Wilhelm 1903 1908 Adolf von Lippmann 1908 1914 Adolf von Ziegler 1914 1919 Alexander Bilabel 1919 1927 Friedrich Jakob Becker 1927 1933 Court seat district editThe Palatine Higher Regional Court has its seat in Zweibrucken in Zweibrucken Castle The area covered by its jurisdiction includes 1 5 million people As of 1 January 2014 there are 1 459 approved lawyers living in this area 1 Superior and subordinate courts editThe Palatine Higher Regional Court is subordinate only to the Federal Court of Justice Bundesgerichtshof Subordinate to the Higher Regional Court itself are the county courts in Frankenthal Palatinate Kaiserslautern Landau in der Pfalz and Zweibrucken along with their respective local courts Jurisdiction editThe federal state of Rhineland Palatinate has used the opportunity to concentrate responsibilities for specific aspects of Freiwilligen Gerichtsbarkeit voluntary jurisdiction on its Higher Regional Court all such matters have been assigned to the Higher Regional Court Furthermore the Rhineland Palatinate s disciplinary tribunal for judges also takes place at the Higher Regional Court in Zweibrucken Administrators editWilli Kestel President of the Palatine Higher Regional Court Jorg Hoffmann Vice President of the Palatine Higher Regional CourtManaging directors editMatthias Lutz JustizamtsratSee also editJudiciary of GermanyReferences edit German Federal Bar www brak de Grosse Mitgliederstatistik zum 01 01 2014 20 March 2014 accessed 22 August 2014 Further reading editDury Walter 2002 Zweibrucken Die pfalzische Residenz des Rechts In Gluck Christmann Charlotte ed Zweibrucken 1793 bis 1918 ein langes Jahrhundert in German Zweibrucken Stadtarchiv pp 150 et seqq ISBN 978 3 00 009870 3 Paulsen Sven ed 1990 175 Jahre Pfalzisches Oberlandesgericht Festschrift in German Neustadt an der Weinstrasse Meininger ISBN 3875240855 Gluck Charlotte Baus Martin eds 2015 Recht Gesetz Freiheit 200 Jahre Pfalzisches Oberlandesgericht Zweibrucken Veroffentlichungen der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland Pfalz in German Vol 121 Verlag der Landesarchivverwaltung Rheinland Pfalz ISBN 9783931014957 Gluck Charlotte Kestel Willi 2015 Das Pfalzische Oberlandesgericht Zweibrucken eine Wiege der deutschen Demokratie Blatter zum Land in German Vol 66 Landeszentrale fur Politische Bildung External links editHomepage of the Palatine Higher Regional Court Zweibrucken Overview of the Court s dispensation of justice Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Palatine Higher Regional Court amp oldid 1175469632, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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