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Pageview

January 13, 2023

In web analytics and website management, a pageview or page view, abbreviated in business to PV and occasionally called page impression, is a request to load a single HTML file (web page) of an Internet site.[1] On the World Wide Web, a page request would result from a web surfer clicking on a link on another page pointing to the page in question.

In contrast, a hit refers to a request for any file from a web server. Therefore, there may be many hits per page view since an HTML page can contain multiple files such as images, videos, JavaScripts, cascading style sheets (CSS), etc.[2] On balance, page views refer to a number of pages viewed or clicked on the site during the given time.[3]

Page views may be counted as part of web analytics. For the owner of the site, this information can be useful to see if any change in the "page" (such as the information or the way it is presented) results in more visits. If there are any advertisements on the page, the publishers would also be interested in the number of page views to determine their expected revenue from the ads. For this reason, it is a term that is used widely for Internet marketing and advertising.[4]

Feature

The page impression has long been a measure of user activity on a website. However, the activity is not necessarily associated with loading a complete HTML page. Modern programming techniques can serve pages by other means that don't show as HTTP requests.

Since page views help estimate the popularity of sites, it helps determine their value for advertising revenue. The most common metric is CPM. It stands for 'Cost per thousand'(the M is the Roman numeral for 1,000)[5] and it is commonly used metrics to measure page views divided by the thousands, that is, cost per 1000 views, used for the ad rates and thus, the less CPM is, the better deal it offers to advertisers.[6] However, there has been a growing concern that CPM is not as trustworthy as it looks in the advertising market because, although, with CPM arrangement, everyone who visits a site makes publishers’ money, for an advertiser's view, CPM is being challenged in comparison to CPC or CPA in terms of adverts’ efficiency because visiting does not mean clicking the ads.[7]

Measurement

The preferred way to count page views is using a web analytics software. They can measure the number of pages on any site and therefore, it helps people to receive a rough estimate of page views on web sites.[8] There are also many other page view measurement tools available including open source ones as well as licensed products.

Hit ratio

Hit ratio refers to the percentage of computer memory accesses (HTTPS requests delivered per requests received) that are found in certain levels of the memory hierarchy. In other words, it is a measure of content requests that a web caching system can deliver successfully from its cache storage, compared to how many requests it receives.[9][10] There are two types of hit ratios:

  • Cache hit ratio, referring to number of requests made;[11]
  • Byte hit ratio, referring to amount of bandwidth that a browser's caching system has saved.[11][12]

Criticism and concerns

Despite a wide range of uses of page view, it has come in for criticisms.

Manipulation

See also: Internet manipulation

Page view can be manipulated or boosted for specific purposes.[13] For example, a recent incident, called 'page view fraud', compromised the accuracy of measurement of page view by boosting the page view. Perpetrators used a tool called 'a bot' to buy fake page-views for attention, recognition, and feedback, increasing the site's value.[14] As a result, some people already started building alternatives to measure audiences, such as "Ophan", saying that the page view is becoming passe.[15]

Humans vs. machines

Fake page views can reflect bots instead of humans.[16]

Wikipedia pageviews

Further information: Wikipedia:Pageview statistics
See also: Digital sociology

Wikipedia provides tools that allow one to see how many people have visited a Wikipedia article during a given time period. Such have been used for tools that for instance display the most popular articles of the day.[17] Wikipedia pageviews of certain types of articles correlate with changes in stock market prices,[18] box office success of movies,[19] spread of disease[20][21] among other applications of datamining. Since search engines directly influence what is popular on Wikipedia such statistics may provide a more unfiltered and real-time view into what people are searching for on the Web[22] and societal interests.[23] For instance they can be used to gain insights into public anxiety and information seeking after or during events[24] or for the identification of concepts with significant increase of interest from the public.[25] In 2015, a study conducted by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) examined the influence of Reddit posts on Wikipedia pageviews.[26]

See also

References

  1. ^ Doyle, C. (2011). A dictionary of marketing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191727962.
  2. ^ "Hits or Pageviews?". OpenTracker.net. from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2013.
  3. ^ Carey, E. (2012). "Page View versus Page Visits - Atlantic Webworks Perspectives". Atlanticwebworks. from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  4. ^ Bennett, L. (January 10, 2012). "Metrics that Matter & the Death of the Page View". Chartbeat Blog. from the original on 13 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  5. ^ Heisel, C. (November 30, 2008). "What does CPM stand for?". Chris Heisel. from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  6. ^ Scocco, D. (March 27, 2008). "How Much Should I Charge for my Advertising Space? : @ProBlogger". Problogger.net. from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  7. ^ Johnston, M. (2013). "CPM vs CPC vs CPA: How to Sell Display Ads". Monetizepros.com. from the original on 7 November 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  8. ^ Agarwal, A. (2008). . Digital Inspiration. Archived from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  9. ^ "What is Cache Hit Ratio?". www.stackpath.com. from the original on 1 February 2022. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  10. ^ McKinnon, J. (2 July 2019). "Hit and Miss Ratios, and how to calculate them". WP Rocket. from the original on 2022-02-01. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  11. ^ a b Wessels, Duane (June 2001). Web Caching. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". pp. 193–200. ISBN 978-1-56592-536-6. OCLC 1100903884.
  12. ^ "Hit Ratios - Web Caching [Book]". www.oreilly.com. July 2001. Retrieved 12 March 2022.
  13. ^ Holiday, R. (2012). "What is Media Manipulation?—A Definition and Explanation". Forbes. from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  14. ^ Seidel, L. (2014). "The Pageview Fraud, PLEASE READ! by Lilyas on deviantART". Lilyas.deviantart.com. from the original on 11 November 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  15. ^ Fischer, M. (March 18, 2014). "The Pageview is Passé: New Metrics Emerge to Measure Audiences". American Journalism Review. from the original on 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  16. ^ Akhtar, Omar (July 31, 2014). "No more fake page views from machines! Google Analytics introduces "bot-filtering"". The Hub. from the original on February 20, 2019. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
  17. ^ "Making our pageview data easily accessible – Wikimedia Blog". Wikimedia Blog. 14 December 2015. from the original on 11 April 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  18. ^ Moat, Helen Susannah; Curme, Chester; Avakian, Adam; Kenett, Dror Y.; Stanley, H. Eugene; Preis, Tobias (8 May 2013). "Quantifying Wikipedia Usage Patterns Before Stock Market Moves". Scientific Reports. 3: 1801. Bibcode:2013NatSR...3E1801M. doi:10.1038/srep01801. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 3647164.
  19. ^ Mestyán, Márton; Yasseri, Taha; Kertész, János (21 August 2013). "Early Prediction of Movie Box Office Success Based on Wikipedia Activity Big Data". PLOS ONE. 8 (8): e71226. arXiv:1211.0970. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...871226M. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071226. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3749192. PMID 23990938.
  20. ^ R., Laurent, Michaël; J., Vickers, Tim (1 July 2009). "Seeking Health Information Online: Does Wikipedia Matter?". Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association. 16 (4): 471–479. doi:10.1197/jamia.M3059. ISSN 1067-5027. PMC 2705249. PMID 19390105.
  21. ^ McIver, David J.; Brownstein, John S. (17 April 2014). "Wikipedia Usage Estimates Prevalence of Influenza-Like Illness in the United States in Near Real-Time". PLOS Computational Biology. 10 (4): e1003581. Bibcode:2014PLSCB..10E3581M. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003581. ISSN 1553-7358. PMC 3990502. PMID 24743682.
  22. ^ Spoerri, Anselm (2 April 2007). "What is popular on Wikipedia and why?". First Monday. 12 (4). doi:10.5210/fm.v12i4.1765. from the original on 5 May 2017. Retrieved 30 April 2017.
  23. ^ Huss, Jon W.; Lindenbaum, Pierre; Martone, Michael; Roberts, Donabel; Pizarro, Angel; Valafar, Faramarz; Hogenesch, John B.; Su, Andrew I. (1 January 2010). "The Gene Wiki: community intelligence applied to human gene annotation". Nucleic Acids Research. 38 (suppl_1): D633–D639. doi:10.1093/nar/gkp760. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 2808918. PMID 19755503.
  24. ^ Tausczik, Yla; Faasse, Kate; Pennebaker, James W.; Petrie, Keith J. (1 February 2012). "Public Anxiety and Information Seeking Following the H1N1 Outbreak: Blogs, Newspaper Articles, and Wikipedia Visits". Health Communication. 27 (2): 179–185. doi:10.1080/10410236.2011.571759. ISSN 1041-0236. PMID 21827326. S2CID 3783651.
  25. ^ Ciglan, Marek; Nørv\a ag, Kjetil (1 January 2010). WikiPop: Personalized Event Detection System Based on Wikipedia Page View Statistics. Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. pp. 1931–1932. doi:10.1145/1871437.1871769. ISBN 9781450300995. S2CID 15890386.
  26. ^ . Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

Further reading

  • Greenberg, Julia (31 Dec 2015). "Page Views Don't Matter Anymore—But They Just Won't Die". Wired. Retrieved 2 Jan 2016.
  • "Site Server - Capacity Model for Internet Transactions". Microsoft.com. April 1999. Retrieved 26 May 2007.
  • Schurman, Kyle (June 1997). "Is Your Web Site a Hit?". SmartComputing.com. from the original on 2012-02-05. Retrieved 2018-04-29.

January 13, 2023
pageview, this, article, expanded, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, german, august, 2012, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, german, article, machine, translation, like, deepl, google, tr. This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German August 2012 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the German article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 9 811 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at de seitenabruf see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated de seitenabruf to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation In web analytics and website management a pageview or page view abbreviated in business to PV and occasionally called page impression is a request to load a single HTML file web page of an Internet site 1 On the World Wide Web a page request would result from a web surfer clicking on a link on another page pointing to the page in question In contrast a hit refers to a request for any file from a web server Therefore there may be many hits per page view since an HTML page can contain multiple files such as images videos JavaScripts cascading style sheets CSS etc 2 On balance page views refer to a number of pages viewed or clicked on the site during the given time 3 Page views may be counted as part of web analytics For the owner of the site this information can be useful to see if any change in the page such as the information or the way it is presented results in more visits If there are any advertisements on the page the publishers would also be interested in the number of page views to determine their expected revenue from the ads For this reason it is a term that is used widely for Internet marketing and advertising 4 Contents 1 Feature 2 Advertisement 3 Measurement 4 Hit ratio 5 Criticism and concerns 5 1 Manipulation 5 2 Humans vs machines 6 Wikipedia pageviews 7 See also 8 References 9 Further readingFeature EditThe page impression has long been a measure of user activity on a website However the activity is not necessarily associated with loading a complete HTML page Modern programming techniques can serve pages by other means that don t show as HTTP requests Advertisement EditSince page views help estimate the popularity of sites it helps determine their value for advertising revenue The most common metric is CPM It stands for Cost per thousand the M is the Roman numeral for 1 000 5 and it is commonly used metrics to measure page views divided by the thousands that is cost per 1000 views used for the ad rates and thus the less CPM is the better deal it offers to advertisers 6 However there has been a growing concern that CPM is not as trustworthy as it looks in the advertising market because although with CPM arrangement everyone who visits a site makes publishers money for an advertiser s view CPM is being challenged in comparison to CPC or CPA in terms of adverts efficiency because visiting does not mean clicking the ads 7 Measurement EditThe preferred way to count page views is using a web analytics software They can measure the number of pages on any site and therefore it helps people to receive a rough estimate of page views on web sites 8 There are also many other page view measurement tools available including open source ones as well as licensed products Hit ratio EditHit ratio refers to the percentage of computer memory accesses HTTPS requests delivered per requests received that are found in certain levels of the memory hierarchy In other words it is a measure of content requests that a web caching system can deliver successfully from its cache storage compared to how many requests it receives 9 10 There are two types of hit ratios Cache hit ratio referring to number of requests made 11 Byte hit ratio referring to amount of bandwidth that a browser s caching system has saved 11 12 Criticism and concerns EditDespite a wide range of uses of page view it has come in for criticisms Manipulation Edit See also Internet manipulation Page view can be manipulated or boosted for specific purposes 13 For example a recent incident called page view fraud compromised the accuracy of measurement of page view by boosting the page view Perpetrators used a tool called a bot to buy fake page views for attention recognition and feedback increasing the site s value 14 As a result some people already started building alternatives to measure audiences such as Ophan saying that the page view is becoming passe 15 Humans vs machines Edit Fake page views can reflect bots instead of humans 16 Wikipedia pageviews EditFurther information Wikipedia Pageview statistics See also Digital sociology Wikipedia provides tools that allow one to see how many people have visited a Wikipedia article during a given time period Such have been used for tools that for instance display the most popular articles of the day 17 Wikipedia pageviews of certain types of articles correlate with changes in stock market prices 18 box office success of movies 19 spread of disease 20 21 among other applications of datamining Since search engines directly influence what is popular on Wikipedia such statistics may provide a more unfiltered and real time view into what people are searching for on the Web 22 and societal interests 23 For instance they can be used to gain insights into public anxiety and information seeking after or during events 24 or for the identification of concepts with significant increase of interest from the public 25 In 2015 a study conducted by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence AAAI examined the influence of Reddit posts on Wikipedia pageviews 26 See also EditProject COUNTER Unique user Session web analytics Traffic flow HTTP cookie Web traffic Website monitoring Google Trends Internet manipulation Click botReferences Edit Doyle C 2011 A dictionary of marketing Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 9780191727962 Hits or Pageviews OpenTracker net Archived from the original on 9 September 2020 Retrieved 8 June 2013 Carey E 2012 Page View versus Page Visits Atlantic Webworks Perspectives Atlanticwebworks Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 28 October 2014 Bennett L January 10 2012 Metrics that Matter amp the Death of the Page View Chartbeat Blog Archived from the original on 13 January 2012 Retrieved 10 January 2012 Heisel C November 30 2008 What does CPM stand for Chris Heisel Archived from the original on 19 October 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Scocco D March 27 2008 How Much Should I Charge for my Advertising Space ProBlogger Problogger net Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Johnston M 2013 CPM vs CPC vs CPA How to Sell Display Ads Monetizepros com Archived from the original on 7 November 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Agarwal A 2008 Measure the Number of Page Views on any Site Digital Inspiration Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 What is Cache Hit Ratio www stackpath com Archived from the original on 1 February 2022 Retrieved 1 February 2022 McKinnon J 2 July 2019 Hit and Miss Ratios and how to calculate them WP Rocket Archived from the original on 2022 02 01 Retrieved 2022 02 01 a b Wessels Duane June 2001 Web Caching O Reilly Media Inc pp 193 200 ISBN 978 1 56592 536 6 OCLC 1100903884 Hit Ratios Web Caching Book www oreilly com July 2001 Retrieved 12 March 2022 Holiday R 2012 What is Media Manipulation A Definition and Explanation Forbes Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Seidel L 2014 The Pageview Fraud PLEASE READ by Lilyas on deviantART Lilyas deviantart com Archived from the original on 11 November 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Fischer M March 18 2014 The Pageview is Passe New Metrics Emerge to Measure Audiences American Journalism Review Archived from the original on 30 October 2014 Retrieved 30 October 2014 Akhtar Omar July 31 2014 No more fake page views from machines Google Analytics introduces bot filtering The Hub Archived from the original on February 20 2019 Retrieved August 20 2016 Making our pageview data easily accessible Wikimedia Blog Wikimedia Blog 14 December 2015 Archived from the original on 11 April 2017 Retrieved 30 April 2017 Moat Helen Susannah Curme Chester Avakian Adam Kenett Dror Y Stanley H Eugene Preis Tobias 8 May 2013 Quantifying Wikipedia Usage Patterns Before Stock Market Moves Scientific Reports 3 1801 Bibcode 2013NatSR 3E1801M doi 10 1038 srep01801 ISSN 2045 2322 PMC 3647164 Mestyan Marton Yasseri Taha Kertesz Janos 21 August 2013 Early Prediction of Movie Box Office Success Based on Wikipedia Activity Big Data PLOS ONE 8 8 e71226 arXiv 1211 0970 Bibcode 2013PLoSO 871226M doi 10 1371 journal pone 0071226 ISSN 1932 6203 PMC 3749192 PMID 23990938 R Laurent Michael J Vickers Tim 1 July 2009 Seeking Health Information Online Does Wikipedia Matter Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 16 4 471 479 doi 10 1197 jamia M3059 ISSN 1067 5027 PMC 2705249 PMID 19390105 McIver David J Brownstein John S 17 April 2014 Wikipedia Usage Estimates Prevalence of Influenza Like Illness in the United States in Near Real Time PLOS Computational Biology 10 4 e1003581 Bibcode 2014PLSCB 10E3581M doi 10 1371 journal pcbi 1003581 ISSN 1553 7358 PMC 3990502 PMID 24743682 Spoerri Anselm 2 April 2007 What is popular on Wikipedia and why First Monday 12 4 doi 10 5210 fm v12i4 1765 Archived from the original on 5 May 2017 Retrieved 30 April 2017 Huss Jon W Lindenbaum Pierre Martone Michael Roberts Donabel Pizarro Angel Valafar Faramarz Hogenesch John B Su Andrew I 1 January 2010 The Gene Wiki community intelligence applied to human gene annotation Nucleic Acids Research 38 suppl 1 D633 D639 doi 10 1093 nar gkp760 ISSN 0305 1048 PMC 2808918 PMID 19755503 Tausczik Yla Faasse Kate Pennebaker James W Petrie Keith J 1 February 2012 Public Anxiety and Information Seeking Following the H1N1 Outbreak Blogs Newspaper Articles and Wikipedia Visits Health Communication 27 2 179 185 doi 10 1080 10410236 2011 571759 ISSN 1041 0236 PMID 21827326 S2CID 3783651 Ciglan Marek Norv a ag Kjetil 1 January 2010 WikiPop Personalized Event Detection System Based on Wikipedia Page View Statistics Proceedings of the 19th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management pp 1931 1932 doi 10 1145 1871437 1871769 ISBN 9781450300995 S2CID 15890386 Determining the influence of reddit posts on wikipedia pageviews AAAI Workshop Technical Report 2015 WS 15 19 pp 75 82 Archived from the original on 6 August 2020 Retrieved 11 May 2020 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Further reading EditGreenberg Julia 31 Dec 2015 Page Views Don t Matter Anymore But They Just Won t Die Wired Retrieved 2 Jan 2016 Site Server Capacity Model for Internet Transactions Microsoft com April 1999 Retrieved 26 May 2007 Schurman Kyle June 1997 Is Your Web Site a Hit SmartComputing com Archived from the original on 2012 02 05 Retrieved 2018 04 29 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pageview amp oldid 1126458558, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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