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PRKRA

October 16, 2023

Protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator, also known as interferon-inducible double stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase activator A or Protein ACTivator of the interferon-induced protein kinase (PACT) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRKRA gene.[5][6][7] PACT heterodimerizes with and activates protein kinase R.[6][8] PRKRA mutations have been linked to a rare form of dystonia parkinsonism.[9]

PRKRA
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPRKRA, DYT16, PACT, RAX, HSD14, protein activator of interferon induced protein kinase EIF2AK2
External IDsOMIM: 603424 MGI: 1344375 HomoloGene: 2738 GeneCards: PRKRA
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

8575

23992

Ensembl

ENSG00000180228

ENSMUSG00000002731

UniProt

O75569

Q9WTX2

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001139517
NM_001139518
NM_001316362
NM_003690

NM_011871

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001132989
NP_001132990
NP_001303291
NP_003681

NP_036001

Location (UCSC)Chr 2: 178.43 – 178.45 MbChr 2: 76.46 – 76.48 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000180228 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002731 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "Entrez Gene: PRKRA protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator".
  6. ^ a b Patel RC, Sen GC (August 1998). "PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR". EMBO J. 17 (15): 4379–90. doi:10.1093/emboj/17.15.4379. PMC 1170771. PMID 9687506.
  7. ^ Ito T, Yang M, May WS (May 1999). "RAX, a cellular activator for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during stress signaling". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (22): 15427–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.22.15427. PMID 10336432.
  8. ^ Huang X, Hutchins B, Patel RC (August 2002). "The C-terminal, third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR)". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 1): 175–86. doi:10.1042/BJ20020204. PMC 1222748. PMID 11985496.
  9. ^ Camargos S, Scholz S, Simón-Sánchez J, Paisán-Ruiz C, Lewis P, Hernandez D, Ding J, Gibbs JR, Cookson MR, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Oliveira CR, Lees A, Hardy J, Cardoso F, Singleton AB (March 2008). "DYT16, a novel young-onset dystonia-parkinsonism disorder: identification of a segregating mutation in the stress-response protein PRKRA". Lancet Neurology. 7 (3): 207–215. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(08)70022-X. PMID 18243799. S2CID 206157913.

Further reading Edit

  • Maruyama K, Sugano S (1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
  • Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, et al. (1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
  • Peters GA, Hartmann R, Qin J, et al. (2001). "Modular structure of PACT: distinct domains for binding and activating PKR". Mol Cell Biol. 21 (6): 1908–20. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.6.1908-1920.2001. PMC 86773. PMID 11238927.
  • Wiemann S, Weil B, Wellenreuther R, et al. (2001). "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Res. 11 (3): 422–35. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMC 311072. PMID 11230166.
  • Simpson JC, Wellenreuther R, Poustka A, et al. (2001). "Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large-scale cDNA sequencing". EMBO Rep. 1 (3): 287–92. doi:10.1093/embo-reports/kvd058. PMC 1083732. PMID 11256614.
  • Horng T, Barton GM, Medzhitov R (2001). "TIRAP: an adapter molecule in the Toll signaling pathway". Nat. Immunol. 2 (9): 835–41. doi:10.1038/ni0901-835. PMID 11526399. S2CID 7296195.
  • Huang X, Hutchins B, Patel RC (2002). "The C-terminal, third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double-stranded-RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR)". Biochem. J. 366 (Pt 1): 175–86. doi:10.1042/BJ20020204. PMC 1222748. PMID 11985496.
  • Peters GA, Khoo D, Mohr I, Sen GC (2002). "Inhibition of PACT-mediated activation of PKR by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein". J. Virol. 76 (21): 11054–64. doi:10.1128/JVI.76.21.11054-11064.2002. PMC 136652. PMID 12368348.
  • Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
  • Yang M, Ito T, May WS (2003). "A novel role for RAX, the cellular activator of PKR, in synergistically stimulating SV40 large T antigen-dependent gene expression". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (40): 38325–32. doi:10.1074/jbc.M303420200. PMID 12874289.
  • Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
  • Bennett RL, Blalock WL, May WS (2004). "Serine 18 phosphorylation of RAX, the PKR activator, is required for PKR activation and consequent translation inhibition". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (41): 42687–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.M403321200. PMID 15299031.
  • Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
  • Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, et al. (2005). "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4". Nature. 434 (7034): 724–31. Bibcode:2005Natur.434..724H. doi:10.1038/nature03466. PMID 15815621.
  • Stelzl U, Worm U, Lalowski M, et al. (2005). "A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome". Cell. 122 (6): 957–68. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.08.029. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0010-8592-0. PMID 16169070. S2CID 8235923.
  • Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode:2005Natur.437.1173R. doi:10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
  • Peters GA, Li S, Sen GC (2006). "Phosphorylation of specific serine residues in the PKR-activation domain of PACT is essential for its ability to mediate apoptosis". J Biol Chem. 281 (46): 35129–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.M607714200. PMID 16982605.
  • Rowe TM, Rizzi M, Hirose K, Peters GA, et al. (2006). "A role of the double-stranded RNA-binding protein PACT in mouse ear development and hearing". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103 (15): 5823–8. Bibcode:2006PNAS..103.5823R. doi:10.1073/pnas.0601287103. PMC 1458657. PMID 16571658.
  • Li S, Peters GA, Ding K, et al. (2006). "Molecular basis for PKR activation by PACT or dsRNA". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103 (26): 10005–10. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10310005L. doi:10.1073/pnas.0602317103. PMC 1502496. PMID 16785445.
  • Lee Y, Hur I, Park SY, et al. (2006). "The role of PACT in the RNA silencing pathway". EMBO J. 25 (3): 522–32. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7600942. PMC 1383527. PMID 16424907.
  • Bennett RL, Blalock WL, Abtahi DM, et al. (2006). "RAX, the PKR activator, sensitizes cells to inflammatory cytokines, serum withdrawal, chemotherapy, and viral infection". Blood. 108 (3): 821–9. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-11-006817. PMC 1617065. PMID 16861340.
  • Peters GA, Seachrist DD, Keri RA, et al. (2009). "The double-stranded RNA-binding protein, PACT, is required for postnatal anterior pituitary proliferation". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106 (26): 10696–701. Bibcode:2009PNAS..10610696P. doi:10.1073/pnas.0900735106. PMC 2705576. PMID 19541653.


 

This article on a gene on human chromosome 2 is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

October 16, 2023
prkra, protein, kinase, interferon, inducible, double, stranded, dependent, activator, also, known, interferon, inducible, double, stranded, dependent, protein, kinase, activator, protein, activator, interferon, induced, protein, kinase, pact, protein, that, h. Protein kinase interferon inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator also known as interferon inducible double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase activator A or Protein ACTivator of the interferon induced protein kinase PACT is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRKRA gene 5 6 7 PACT heterodimerizes with and activates protein kinase R 6 8 PRKRA mutations have been linked to a rare form of dystonia parkinsonism 9 PRKRAAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes2DIXIdentifiersAliasesPRKRA DYT16 PACT RAX HSD14 protein activator of interferon induced protein kinase EIF2AK2External IDsOMIM 603424 MGI 1344375 HomoloGene 2738 GeneCards PRKRAGene location Human Chr Chromosome 2 human 1 Band2q31 2Start178 431 292 bp 1 End178 451 512 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 2 mouse 2 Band2 2 C3Start76 460 242 bp 2 End76 478 359 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inspermright ventriclegastrocnemius musclethoracic diaphragmganglionic eminencetriceps brachii muscleright coronary arteryascending aortaleft coronary arteryvastus lateralis muscleTop expressed ininterventricular septumendocardial cushionmedullary collecting ductfossarenal corpusclemedial ganglionic eminencecondyleatrioventricular valveneural tubeabdominal wallMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionprotein homodimerization activity protein binding identical protein binding enzyme binding double stranded RNA binding enzyme activator activity RNA binding pre miRNA bindingCellular componentcytoplasm membrane intracellular anatomical structure nucleoplasm perinuclear region of cytoplasm cytosol RISC loading complexBiological processskeletal system morphogenesis response to virus outer ear morphogenesis pre miRNA processing protein phosphorylation immune response middle ear morphogenesis cellular response to oxidative stress positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway negative regulation of cell population proliferation production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA positive regulation of catalytic activity protein stabilization miRNA metabolic process production of siRNA involved in RNA interference gene silencing viral process ear developmentSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez857523992EnsemblENSG00000180228ENSMUSG00000002731UniProtO75569Q9WTX2RefSeq mRNA NM 001139517NM 001139518NM 001316362NM 003690NM 011871RefSeq protein NP 001132989NP 001132990NP 001303291NP 003681NP 036001Location UCSC Chr 2 178 43 178 45 MbChr 2 76 46 76 48 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit MouseReferences Edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000180228 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000002731 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Entrez Gene PRKRA protein kinase interferon inducible double stranded RNA dependent activator a b Patel RC Sen GC August 1998 PACT a protein activator of the interferon induced protein kinase PKR EMBO J 17 15 4379 90 doi 10 1093 emboj 17 15 4379 PMC 1170771 PMID 9687506 Ito T Yang M May WS May 1999 RAX a cellular activator for double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase during stress signaling J Biol Chem 274 22 15427 32 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 22 15427 PMID 10336432 Huang X Hutchins B Patel RC August 2002 The C terminal third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase PKR Biochem J 366 Pt 1 175 86 doi 10 1042 BJ20020204 PMC 1222748 PMID 11985496 Camargos S Scholz S Simon Sanchez J Paisan Ruiz C Lewis P Hernandez D Ding J Gibbs JR Cookson MR Bras J Guerreiro R Oliveira CR Lees A Hardy J Cardoso F Singleton AB March 2008 DYT16 a novel young onset dystonia parkinsonism disorder identification of a segregating mutation in the stress response protein PRKRA Lancet Neurology 7 3 207 215 doi 10 1016 S1474 4422 08 70022 X PMID 18243799 S2CID 206157913 Further reading EditMaruyama K Sugano S 1994 Oligo capping a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides Gene 138 1 2 171 4 doi 10 1016 0378 1119 94 90802 8 PMID 8125298 Suzuki Y Yoshitomo Nakagawa K Maruyama K et al 1997 Construction and characterization of a full length enriched and a 5 end enriched cDNA library Gene 200 1 2 149 56 doi 10 1016 S0378 1119 97 00411 3 PMID 9373149 Peters GA Hartmann R Qin J et al 2001 Modular structure of PACT distinct domains for binding and activating PKR Mol Cell Biol 21 6 1908 20 doi 10 1128 MCB 21 6 1908 1920 2001 PMC 86773 PMID 11238927 Wiemann S Weil B Wellenreuther R et al 2001 Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs Genome Res 11 3 422 35 doi 10 1101 gr GR1547R PMC 311072 PMID 11230166 Simpson JC Wellenreuther R Poustka A et al 2001 Systematic subcellular localization of novel proteins identified by large scale cDNA sequencing EMBO Rep 1 3 287 92 doi 10 1093 embo reports kvd058 PMC 1083732 PMID 11256614 Horng T Barton GM Medzhitov R 2001 TIRAP an adapter molecule in the Toll signaling pathway Nat Immunol 2 9 835 41 doi 10 1038 ni0901 835 PMID 11526399 S2CID 7296195 Huang X Hutchins B Patel RC 2002 The C terminal third conserved motif of the protein activator PACT plays an essential role in the activation of double stranded RNA dependent protein kinase PKR Biochem J 366 Pt 1 175 86 doi 10 1042 BJ20020204 PMC 1222748 PMID 11985496 Peters GA Khoo D Mohr I Sen GC 2002 Inhibition of PACT mediated activation of PKR by the herpes simplex virus type 1 Us11 protein J Virol 76 21 11054 64 doi 10 1128 JVI 76 21 11054 11064 2002 PMC 136652 PMID 12368348 Strausberg RL Feingold EA Grouse LH et al 2003 Generation and initial analysis of more than 15 000 full length human and mouse cDNA sequences Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 26 16899 903 Bibcode 2002PNAS 9916899M doi 10 1073 pnas 242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 Yang M Ito T May WS 2003 A novel role for RAX the cellular activator of PKR in synergistically stimulating SV40 large T antigen dependent gene expression J Biol Chem 278 40 38325 32 doi 10 1074 jbc M303420200 PMID 12874289 Ota T Suzuki Y Nishikawa T et al 2004 Complete sequencing and characterization of 21 243 full length human cDNAs Nat Genet 36 1 40 5 doi 10 1038 ng1285 PMID 14702039 Bennett RL Blalock WL May WS 2004 Serine 18 phosphorylation of RAX the PKR activator is required for PKR activation and consequent translation inhibition J Biol Chem 279 41 42687 93 doi 10 1074 jbc M403321200 PMID 15299031 Gerhard DS Wagner L Feingold EA et al 2004 The status quality and expansion of the NIH full length cDNA project the Mammalian Gene Collection MGC Genome Res 14 10B 2121 7 doi 10 1101 gr 2596504 PMC 528928 PMID 15489334 Hillier LW Graves TA Fulton RS et al 2005 Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4 Nature 434 7034 724 31 Bibcode 2005Natur 434 724H doi 10 1038 nature03466 PMID 15815621 Stelzl U Worm U Lalowski M et al 2005 A human protein protein interaction network a resource for annotating the proteome Cell 122 6 957 68 doi 10 1016 j cell 2005 08 029 hdl 11858 00 001M 0000 0010 8592 0 PMID 16169070 S2CID 8235923 Rual JF Venkatesan K Hao T et al 2005 Towards a proteome scale map of the human protein protein interaction network Nature 437 7062 1173 8 Bibcode 2005Natur 437 1173R doi 10 1038 nature04209 PMID 16189514 S2CID 4427026 Peters GA Li S Sen GC 2006 Phosphorylation of specific serine residues in the PKR activation domain of PACT is essential for its ability to mediate apoptosis J Biol Chem 281 46 35129 36 doi 10 1074 jbc M607714200 PMID 16982605 Rowe TM Rizzi M Hirose K Peters GA et al 2006 A role of the double stranded RNA binding protein PACT in mouse ear development and hearing Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 15 5823 8 Bibcode 2006PNAS 103 5823R doi 10 1073 pnas 0601287103 PMC 1458657 PMID 16571658 Li S Peters GA Ding K et al 2006 Molecular basis for PKR activation by PACT or dsRNA Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 26 10005 10 Bibcode 2006PNAS 10310005L doi 10 1073 pnas 0602317103 PMC 1502496 PMID 16785445 Lee Y Hur I Park SY et al 2006 The role of PACT in the RNA silencing pathway EMBO J 25 3 522 32 doi 10 1038 sj emboj 7600942 PMC 1383527 PMID 16424907 Bennett RL Blalock WL Abtahi DM et al 2006 RAX the PKR activator sensitizes cells to inflammatory cytokines serum withdrawal chemotherapy and viral infection Blood 108 3 821 9 doi 10 1182 blood 2005 11 006817 PMC 1617065 PMID 16861340 Peters GA Seachrist DD Keri RA et al 2009 The double stranded RNA binding protein PACT is required for postnatal anterior pituitary proliferation Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106 26 10696 701 Bibcode 2009PNAS 10610696P doi 10 1073 pnas 0900735106 PMC 2705576 PMID 19541653 nbsp This article on a gene on human chromosome 2 is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title PRKRA amp oldid 1142690516, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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