Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. This protein kinase is expressed solely in the brain and spinal cord and its localization is restricted to neurons. It has been demonstrated that several neuronal functions, including long term potentiation (LTP) and long term depression (LTD), specifically require this kinase. Knockout studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may be involved in neuropathic pain development. Defects in this protein have been associated with neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia-14 (SCA14).[7]
^ abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000126583 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000078816 - Ensembl, May 2017
^"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^Trask B, Fertitta A, Christensen M, Youngblom J, Bergmann A, Copeland A, de Jong P, Mohrenweiser H, Olsen A, Carrano A, et al. (Mar 1993). "Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19: cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers". Genomics. 15 (1): 133–45. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1021. PMID 8432525.
^Coussens L, Parker PJ, Rhee L, Yang-Feng TL, Chen E, Waterfield MD, Francke U, Ullrich A (Sep 1986). "Multiple, distinct forms of bovine and human protein kinase C suggest diversity in cellular signaling pathways". Science. 233 (4766): 859–66. Bibcode:1986Sci...233..859C. doi:10.1126/science.3755548. PMID 3755548.
^Correia, Susana Santos; Duarte Carlos Bandeira; Faro Carlos José; Pires Euclides Vieira; Carvalho Ana Luísa (Feb 2003). "Protein kinase C gamma associates directly with the GluR4 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate receptor subunit. Effect on receptor phosphorylation". J. Biol. Chem. United States. 278 (8): 6307–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205587200. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 12471040.
Further readingedit
Ali A, Hoeflich KP, Woodgett JR (2002). "Glycogen synthase kinase-3: properties, functions, and regulation". Chem. Rev. 101 (8): 2527–40. doi:10.1021/cr000110o. PMID 11749387.
Slater SJ, Ho C, Stubbs CD (2003). "The use of fluorescent phorbol esters in studies of protein kinase C-membrane interactions". Chem. Phys. Lipids. 116 (1–2): 75–91. doi:10.1016/S0009-3084(02)00021-X. PMID 12093536.
Saito N, Shirai Y (2003). "Protein kinase C gamma (PKC gamma): function of neuron specific isotype". J. Biochem. 132 (5): 683–7. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a003274. PMID 12417016.
External linksedit
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 14
prkcg, protein, kinase, gamma, type, enzyme, that, humans, encoded, gene, available, structurespdbortholog, search, pdbe, rcsblist, codes2e73, 2uzpidentifiersaliases, gamma, pkcc, pkcg, sca14, protein, kinase, gamma, pkci, pkcgammaexternal, idsomim, 176980, 97. Protein kinase C gamma type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCG gene 5 6 PRKCGAvailable structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes2E73 2UZPIdentifiersAliasesPRKCG PKC gamma PKCC PKCG SCA14 protein kinase C gamma PKCI 3 PKCgammaExternal IDsOMIM 176980 MGI 97597 HomoloGene 20602 GeneCards PRKCGGene location Human Chr Chromosome 19 human 1 Band19q13 42Start53 879 190 bp 1 End53 907 652 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 7 mouse 2 Band7 A1 7 1 93 cMStart3 337 704 bp 2 End3 379 615 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed innucleus accumbensprefrontal cortexamygdalaBrodmann area 9cingulate gyruscaudate nucleushippocampus properoocyteputamenentorhinal cortexTop expressed inhippocampus propercerebellumcerebellar cortexsuperior frontal gyrushypothalamusolfactory bulbblastocystmorulaquadriceps femoris musclePurkinje cellMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functiontransferase activity protein kinase activity nucleotide binding protein kinase C activity zinc ion binding metal ion binding kinase activity protein serine threonine kinase activity protein serine threonine tyrosine kinase activity ATP binding calcium dependent protein kinase C activityCellular componentcytoplasm synaptic membrane cytosol cell projection membrane cell cell junction plasma membrane synapse intracellular anatomical structure cell junction dendrite perinuclear region of cytoplasm neuron projection nucleus postsynaptic density calyx of Held presynaptic cytosol postsynaptic cytosolBiological processnegative regulation of neuron apoptotic process intracellular signal transduction phosphorylation negative regulation of protein catabolic process rhythmic process regulation of response to food platelet activation chemosensory behavior negative regulation of protein ubiquitination protein phosphorylation response to morphine positive regulation of mismatch repair response to pain regulation of circadian rhythm peptidyl serine phosphorylation learning or memory protein autophosphorylation negative regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process regulation of phagocytosis innervation chemical synaptic transmission response to psychosocial stress presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosisSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez558218752EnsemblENSG00000126583ENSMUSG00000078816UniProtP05129P63318RefSeq mRNA NM 002739NM 001316329NM 001291434NM 011102RefSeq protein NP 001303258NP 002730NP 001278363NP 035232Location UCSC Chr 19 53 88 53 91 MbChr 7 3 34 3 38 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit MouseProtein kinase C PKC is a family of serine and threonine specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways PKC also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters a class of tumor promoters Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play distinct roles in cells The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members This protein kinase is expressed solely in the brain and spinal cord and its localization is restricted to neurons It has been demonstrated that several neuronal functions including long term potentiation LTP and long term depression LTD specifically require this kinase Knockout studies in mice also suggest that this kinase may be involved in neuropathic pain development Defects in this protein have been associated with neurodegenerative disorder spinocerebellar ataxia 14 SCA14 7 Contents 1 Interactions 2 See also 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksInteractions editPRKCG has been shown to interact with GRIA4 8 See also editProtein kinase CReferences edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000126583 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000078816 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Trask B Fertitta A Christensen M Youngblom J Bergmann A Copeland A de Jong P Mohrenweiser H Olsen A Carrano A et al Mar 1993 Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of human chromosome 19 cytogenetic band location of 540 cosmids and 70 genes or DNA markers Genomics 15 1 133 45 doi 10 1006 geno 1993 1021 PMID 8432525 Coussens L Parker PJ Rhee L Yang Feng TL Chen E Waterfield MD Francke U Ullrich A Sep 1986 Multiple distinct forms of bovine and human protein kinase C suggest diversity in cellular signaling pathways Science 233 4766 859 66 Bibcode 1986Sci 233 859C doi 10 1126 science 3755548 PMID 3755548 Entrez Gene PRKCG protein kinase C gamma Correia Susana Santos Duarte Carlos Bandeira Faro Carlos Jose Pires Euclides Vieira Carvalho Ana Luisa Feb 2003 Protein kinase C gamma associates directly with the GluR4 alpha amino 3 hydroxy 5 methyl 4 isoxazole propionate receptor subunit Effect on receptor phosphorylation J Biol Chem United States 278 8 6307 13 doi 10 1074 jbc M205587200 ISSN 0021 9258 PMID 12471040 Further reading editAli A Hoeflich KP Woodgett JR 2002 Glycogen synthase kinase 3 properties functions and regulation Chem Rev 101 8 2527 40 doi 10 1021 cr000110o PMID 11749387 Slater SJ Ho C Stubbs CD 2003 The use of fluorescent phorbol esters in studies of protein kinase C membrane interactions Chem Phys Lipids 116 1 2 75 91 doi 10 1016 S0009 3084 02 00021 X PMID 12093536 Saito N Shirai Y 2003 Protein kinase C gamma PKC gamma function of neuron specific isotype J Biochem 132 5 683 7 doi 10 1093 oxfordjournals jbchem a003274 PMID 12417016 External links editGeneReviews NCBI NIH UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 14 Portal nbsp Biology nbsp This article on a gene on human chromosome 19 is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title PRKCG amp oldid 1083105903, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
