This article is about a particle accelerator. For other uses, see Petra (disambiguation).
The Positron–Electron Tandem Ring Accelerator (PETRA) is one of the particle accelerators at the German national laboratory DESY in Hamburg, Germany. At the time of its construction, it was the biggest storage ring of its kind and still is DESY's second largest synchrotron after HERA. PETRA's original purpose was research in elementary particle physics. From 1978 to 1986, it was used to study electron–positron collisions with the four experiments JADE, MARK-J, PLUTO and TASSO. The discovery of the gluon, the carrier particle of the strong nuclear force, by the TASSO collaboration in 1979 is counted as one of the biggest successes.[1] PETRA was able to accelerate electrons and positrons to 19 GeV.
PETRA III
PETRA III Max von Laue hall at the DESY campus in Hamburg.
Research at PETRA led to an intensified international use of the facilities at DESY. Scientists from China, France, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom and the USA participated in the first experiments at PETRA alongside many German colleagues.
In 1990, the facility was taken into operation again under the name PETRA II as a pre-accelerator for protons and electrons/positrons for the new particle accelerator HERA. In March 1995, PETRA II was equipped with undulators to create greater amounts of synchrotron radiation with higher energies, especially in the X-ray part of the spectrum. PETRA II served the Hamburg Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (HASYLAB) at DESY as a source of high-energy synchrotron radiation in three test experimental areas. In PETRA II, positrons were accelerated to up to 12 GeV.
PETRA IIIEdit
PETRA III is the third incarnation for the PETRA storage ring, serving a regular user programme as one of the most brilliant storage-ring-based X-ray sources worldwide since 2009. The accelerator produces a particle energy of 6 GeV. There are currently three experimental halls (named after various famous scientists). The largest, named Max von Laue Hall, has a concrete floor over 300 m long that was poured as a single piece in order to limit vibrations. PETRA III delivers hard X-ray beams of very high brilliance to over 40 experimental stations.[2]
ReferencesEdit
^Flegel, I; Söding, P (2004). "Twenty-Five Years of Gluons". DESY: CERN Courier.
^"PETRA III – Facility Information". DESY. Retrieved 18 August 2022.
Further readingEdit
P. Söding (2010). "On the discovery of the gluon" (PDF). European Physical Journal H. 35 (1): 3–28. Bibcode:2010EPJH...35....3S. doi:10.1140/epjh/e2010-00002-5.
External linksEdit
PETRA III website
DESY website
August 29, 2023
positron, electron, tandem, ring, accelerator, this, article, about, particle, accelerator, other, uses, petra, disambiguation, petra, particle, accelerators, german, national, laboratory, desy, hamburg, germany, time, construction, biggest, storage, ring, kin. This article is about a particle accelerator For other uses see Petra disambiguation The Positron Electron Tandem Ring Accelerator PETRA is one of the particle accelerators at the German national laboratory DESY in Hamburg Germany At the time of its construction it was the biggest storage ring of its kind and still is DESY s second largest synchrotron after HERA PETRA s original purpose was research in elementary particle physics From 1978 to 1986 it was used to study electron positron collisions with the four experiments JADE MARK J PLUTO and TASSO The discovery of the gluon the carrier particle of the strong nuclear force by the TASSO collaboration in 1979 is counted as one of the biggest successes 1 PETRA was able to accelerate electrons and positrons to 19 GeV PETRA IIIPETRA III Max von Laue hall at the DESY campus in Hamburg General propertiesAccelerator typeSynchrotron light sourceBeam typeelectronsTarget typeLight sourceBeam propertiesMaximum energy6 GeVMaximum brightness1021 ph s mm2 mrad2 0 1 BW Physical propertiesCircumference2 304 kilometres 1 432 mi LocationHamburg GermanyCoordinates53 34 45 N 9 53 01 E 53 579049 N 9 88370 E 53 579049 9 88370InstitutionDESYDates of operation2009 presentPreceded byPETRA IIResearch at PETRA led to an intensified international use of the facilities at DESY Scientists from China France Israel the Netherlands Norway the United Kingdom and the USA participated in the first experiments at PETRA alongside many German colleagues Contents 1 PETRA II 2 PETRA III 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksPETRA II EditIn 1990 the facility was taken into operation again under the name PETRA II as a pre accelerator for protons and electrons positrons for the new particle accelerator HERA In March 1995 PETRA II was equipped with undulators to create greater amounts of synchrotron radiation with higher energies especially in the X ray part of the spectrum PETRA II served the Hamburg Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory HASYLAB at DESY as a source of high energy synchrotron radiation in three test experimental areas In PETRA II positrons were accelerated to up to 12 GeV PETRA III EditPETRA III is the third incarnation for the PETRA storage ring serving a regular user programme as one of the most brilliant storage ring based X ray sources worldwide since 2009 The accelerator produces a particle energy of 6 GeV There are currently three experimental halls named after various famous scientists The largest named Max von Laue Hall has a concrete floor over 300 m long that was poured as a single piece in order to limit vibrations PETRA III delivers hard X ray beams of very high brilliance to over 40 experimental stations 2 References Edit Flegel I Soding P 2004 Twenty Five Years of Gluons DESY CERN Courier PETRA III Facility Information DESY Retrieved 18 August 2022 Further reading EditP Soding 2010 On the discovery of the gluon PDF European Physical Journal H 35 1 3 28 Bibcode 2010EPJH 35 3S doi 10 1140 epjh e2010 00002 5 External links EditPETRA III website DESY website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Positron Electron Tandem Ring Accelerator amp oldid 1159631931, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
