This article is about a mental factor in Buddhism. For the town in Guam, see Piti, Guam. For the soup, see Piti (food). For the Spanish footballer, see Francisco Medina Luna.
Pīti in Pali (Sanskrit: Prīti) is a mental factor (Pali:cetasika, Sanskrit: caitasika) associated with the development of jhāna (Sanskrit: dhyāna) in Buddhist meditation. According to Buddhadasa Bhikkhu, piti is a stimulating, exciting and energizing quality, as opposed to the calmness of sukha.[1]
Piti is a joyful saṅkhāra (formation) associated with no object, so the practitioner is not attaining it by desire. It is often translated into the English word "rapture" and is distinguished from the longer-lasting meditative "joy" or "happiness" (Pali, Sanskrit: sukha) which is a subtler feeling which arises alongside pīti.
Both pīti and sukha are born of bodily seclusion and mental quietude in first jhāna, then are born of focused concentration (samādhi) in the second jhāna but only sukha is sustained in the third jhāna while pīti fades away in the course of cultivating pure, mindfulequanimity (upekkhāsatipārisuddhi).
The 5th century CE Visuddhimagga distinguishes between pīti and sukha in the following experiential manner:
And wherever the two are associated, happiness [here, Ñāṇamoli's translation of pīti] is the contentedness at getting a desirable object, and bliss [sukha] is the actual experiencing of it when got. Where there is happiness [pīti] there is bliss (pleasure) [sukha]; but where there is bliss [sukha] there is not necessarily happiness [pīti]. Happiness is included in the formationsaggregate; bliss is included in the feeling aggregate. If a man exhausted in a desert saw or heard about a pond on the edge of a wood, he would have happiness; if he went into the wood's shade and used the water, he would have bliss....[5]
Fivefold classificationEdit
As the meditator experiences tranquillity (samatha), one of five kinds of physical pleasure (piti) will arise. These are:
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This article is about a mental factor in Buddhism For the town in Guam see Piti Guam For the soup see Piti food For the Spanish footballer see Francisco Medina Luna Piti in Pali Sanskrit Priti is a mental factor Pali cetasika Sanskrit caitasika associated with the development of jhana Sanskrit dhyana in Buddhist meditation According to Buddhadasa Bhikkhu piti is a stimulating exciting and energizing quality as opposed to the calmness of sukha 1 Contents 1 Definition 2 Mental factor in meditation 3 Fivefold classification 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 Further readingDefinition EditPiti is a joyful saṅkhara formation associated with no object so the practitioner is not attaining it by desire It is often translated into the English word rapture and is distinguished from the longer lasting meditative joy or happiness Pali Sanskrit sukha which is a subtler feeling which arises alongside piti Mental factor in meditation EditFurther information Dhyana in Buddhism and Samadhi In the commentarial tradition on Buddhist meditation the development of jhana Sanskrit dhyana is described as the development of five mental factors cetasika that counteract the five hindrances note 1 Table Rupa jhanaCetasika mental factors Firstjhana Secondjhana Thirdjhana FourthjhanaKama Akusala dhamma sensuality unskillful qualities secluded from withdrawn does not occur does not occur does not occurPiti rapture seclusion born pervades body samadhi born pervades body fades away along with distress does not occurSukha non sensual pleasure pervadesphysical body abandoned no pleasure nor pain Vitakka applied thought accompaniesjhana unification of awarenessfree from vitakka and vicara does not occur does not occurVicara sustained thought Upekkhasatiparisuddhi pure mindful equanimity does not occur internal confidence equanimous mindful purity ofequanimity and mindfulnessSources 2 3 4 This box viewtalkeditvitakka applied thought counteracts sloth and torpor lethargy and drowsiness vicara sustained thought counteracts doubt uncertainty piti rapture counteracts ill will malice sukha non sensual pleasure counteracts restlessness worry excitation and anxiety ekaggata one pointedness counteracts sensory desireBoth piti and sukha are born of bodily seclusion and mental quietude in first jhana then are born of focused concentration samadhi in the second jhana but only sukha is sustained in the third jhana while piti fades away in the course of cultivating pure mindful equanimity upekkhasatiparisuddhi The 5th century CE Visuddhimagga distinguishes between piti and sukha in the following experiential manner And wherever the two are associated happiness here Naṇ amoli s translation of piti is the contentedness at getting a desirable object and bliss sukha is the actual experiencing of it when got Where there is happiness piti there is bliss pleasure sukha but where there is bliss sukha there is not necessarily happiness piti Happiness is included in the formations aggregate bliss is included in the feeling aggregate If a man exhausted in a desert saw or heard about a pond on the edge of a wood he would have happiness if he went into the wood s shade and used the water he would have bliss 5 Fivefold classification EditAs the meditator experiences tranquillity samatha one of five kinds of physical pleasure piti will arise These are Weak rapture only causes piloerection Short rapture evocates some thunder from time to time Going down rapture explodes inside the body like waves Exalting rapture makes the body jump to the sky Fulfilling rapture seems to be a huge flood of a mountain stream Note that only the last two are considered piti specifically The first four are a preparation for the final stage which is the jhanic factor 6 See also EditSamatha tranquility of the mind Jhana absorption Sukha happiness bliss conascent sahajata with piti during first two jhanas Upekkha equanimity Notes Edit See for instance Samadhaṅ ga Sutta a k a Pancaṅ gikasamadhi Sutta AN 5 28 Thanissaro 1997b References Edit Buddhadasa Bhikkhu Author Santikaro Bhikkhu Translator Mindfulness With Breathing A Manual for Serious Beginners 1988 p 69 Bodhi Bhikku 2005 In the Buddha s Words Somerville Wisdom Publications pp 296 8 SN 28 1 9 ISBN 978 0 86171 491 9 Suttantapinake Aiguttaranikayo 5 1 3 8 MettaNet Lanka in Pali Archived from the original on 2007 11 05 Retrieved 2007 06 06 Bhikku Thanissaro 1997 Samadhanga Sutta The Factors of Concentration AN 5 28 Access to Insight Retrieved 2007 06 06 Vsm IV 100 Naṇ amoli 1999 p 142 Similarly see also the Abhidhamma s commentary Atthasalini Bodhi 1980 Vsm IV 94 99 Naṇ amoli 1999 pp 141 2 Further reading EditBodhi Bhikkhu 1980 Transcendental Dependent Arising A Translation and Exposition of the Upanisa Sutta Wheel No 277 278 Kandy Buddhist Publication Society Retrieved 2008 05 08 from Access to Insight 1995 at http www accesstoinsight org lib authors bodhi wheel277 html Naṇ amoli Bhikkhu trans 1999 The Path of Purification Visuddhimagga Seattle WA BPS Pariyatti Editions ISBN 1 928706 00 2 Thanissaro Bhikkhu trans 1997 Samadhanga Sutta The Factors of Concentration AN 5 28 Retrieved 2008 05 09 from Access to Insight at http www accesstoinsight org tipitaka an an05 an05 028 than html nbsp This Buddhism related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Piti amp oldid 1130522444, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
