Oxygen transmission rate (OTR) is the measurement of the amount of oxygen gas that passes through a substance over a given period. It is mostly carried out on non-porous materials, where the mode of transport is diffusion, but there are a growing number of applications where the transmission rate also depends on flow through apertures of some description.
Permeation cell setup for the measurement of the oxygen transmission rate
Standard test methods are available for measuring the oxygen transmission rate of packaging materials. Completed packages, however, involve heat seals, creases, joints, and closures which often reduce the effective barrier of the package. For example, the glass of a glass bottle may have an effective total barrier but the screw cap closure and the closure liner might not.
F3136 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate through Plastic Film and Sheeting using a Dynamic Accumulation Method
D3985 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
F1307 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Transmission Rate Through Dry Packages Using a Coulometric Sensor
F1927 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
F2622 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using Various Sensors
Other test methods include:
The ambient oxygen ingress rate method (AOIR) an alternative method for measuring the oxygen transmission rates (OTR) of whole packages
Wineedit
Also a factor of increasing awareness in the debate surrounding wineclosures, natural corks show small variation in their oxygen transmission rate, which in turn translates to a degree of bottle variation.[1]
Yam, K. L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009, ISBN978-0-470-08704-6
Massey, L K, "Permeability Properties of Plastics and Elastomers", 2003, Andrew Publishing, ISBN978-1-884207-97-6
Sanghyun Lee "Mass Transfer" Konkuk University, 2017
Hanne Larsen, Achim Kohlr and Ellen Merethe Magnus, "Ambient oxygen ingress rate method", John Wilew & Sons, Packaging Technology and Science, Volume 13 Issue 6, Pages 233 - 241
Footnotes
^Goode, Jamie, Ph.D. Wines & Vines (August 2008). . Archived from the original on 2009-04-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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oxygen, transmission, rate, measurement, amount, oxygen, that, passes, through, substance, over, given, period, mostly, carried, porous, materials, where, mode, transport, diffusion, there, growing, number, applications, where, transmission, rate, also, depend. Oxygen transmission rate OTR is the measurement of the amount of oxygen gas that passes through a substance over a given period It is mostly carried out on non porous materials where the mode of transport is diffusion but there are a growing number of applications where the transmission rate also depends on flow through apertures of some description It relates to the permeation of oxygen through packaging to sensitive foods and pharmaceuticals Contents 1 Measurement 2 Wine 3 See also 4 ReferencesMeasurement edit nbsp Permeation cell setup for the measurement of the oxygen transmission rateStandard test methods are available for measuring the oxygen transmission rate of packaging materials Completed packages however involve heat seals creases joints and closures which often reduce the effective barrier of the package For example the glass of a glass bottle may have an effective total barrier but the screw cap closure and the closure liner might not ASTM standard test methods include F3136 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate through Plastic Film and Sheeting using a Dynamic Accumulation Method D3985 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor F1307 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Transmission Rate Through Dry Packages Using a Coulometric Sensor F1927 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector F2622 Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using Various SensorsOther test methods include The ambient oxygen ingress rate method AOIR an alternative method for measuring the oxygen transmission rates OTR of whole packagesWine editAlso a factor of increasing awareness in the debate surrounding wine closures natural corks show small variation in their oxygen transmission rate which in turn translates to a degree of bottle variation 1 See also editMoisture vapor transmission rate Permeation Shelf life Oxygen scavengerReferences editYam K L Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology John Wiley amp Sons 2009 ISBN 978 0 470 08704 6 Massey L K Permeability Properties of Plastics and Elastomers 2003 Andrew Publishing ISBN 978 1 884207 97 6 Sanghyun Lee Mass Transfer Konkuk University 2017 Hanne Larsen Achim Kohlr and Ellen Merethe Magnus Ambient oxygen ingress rate method John Wilew amp Sons Packaging Technology and Science Volume 13 Issue 6 Pages 233 241 Footnotes Goode Jamie Ph D Wines amp Vines August 2008 Finding Closure Archived from the original on 2009 04 10 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link nbsp This chemistry related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oxygen transmission rate amp oldid 1196139813, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
