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Our Lady of the Nile

January 01, 1970

Our Lady of the Nile (French: Notre-Dame du Nil) is a French-language novel by Rwanda-born writer Scholastique Mukasonga,[1] originally published in 2012 by Éditions Gallimard.[2] It is Mukasonga's fourth book and first novel.[3] The English-language translation, published in the United States in 2014 by Archipelago Books, was done by Melanie Mauthier,[4] a poet and writer from the United Kingdom.[5]

First French edition

The story is about life at a Catholic boarding secondary school in Nyambinombe District, Rwanda, circa 1980, prior to the Rwandan genocide of 1994.[6]

Christine Rousseau of Le Monde wrote that "D'une écriture âpre et tendue, Notre-Dame du Nil dépeint une société qui chemine inexorablement vers l'horreur" ("With bitter and tense writing, Our Lady of the Nile depicts a society walking inexorably towards horror").[7] Brian P. Kelly of The New Criterion wrote that the book "is a snapshot of the social and racial conflicts that eventually led to the 1994 massacres."[8] Madeleine LaRue of Music & Literature wrote that "The West has indeed too often dismissed suffering in Africa, but books like Our Lady of the Nile remind us why we must not be dismissive, why we must not look away."[9]

In 2022, the novel was included on the "Big Jubilee Read" list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors, selected to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II.[10]

Plot edit

 
Scholastique Mukasonga, the author of the book

The story takes place at an all-girls lycée at the top of a hill, near the source of the Nile River. The story is set during Hutu rule.[11] Most of the students are children of prominent government officials. Julian Lucas describes the culture as an "East African Mean Girls.[12] The school has a quota that limits Tutsi students to 10% of the student body.[1] Therefore only two girls are Tutsis.[12] The characters form an ensemble cast and are present throughout the book. Each chapter focuses on a particular girl.[13]

The initial portion of the book discusses a geography lesson in which the teacher points to the high altitude in which the school resides, and the teacher proclaims the apparent proximity to heaven. Julian Lucas of the New York Review of Books states that this foreshadows a fall from grace.[12] The middle of the novel includes the Tutsi students' encounters with some men, and the final portion of the novel showcases an anti-Tutsi frenzy,[11] orchestrated by Hutu student Gloriosa and assisted by a white teacher. Gloriosa had accidentally damaged a statue of Mary while trying to remove a nose deemed too Tutsi-like, referring to the notion of spiting one's face by cutting off one's nose.[12] Character deaths are not directly depicted and are instead recounted by another character.[11] A northern-origin student, Goretti, ends Gloriosa's campaign and becomes the leader of the school dormitory; this is a reference to the overthrow of Grégoire Kayibanda by Juvénal Habyarimana. Gloriosa's father becomes a prison inmate.[12]

Tom Zoellner of Chapman University argued that the beginning of the novel is "too preoccupied with stage-setting".[11]

Style edit

Christopher Byrd of Barnes & Noble Review stated that the novel uses a context leading up to the Rwandan massacre while also maintaining "a universal texture to the resentment, envy, and opportunism that are a part of any student body" through being a school story.[6] Nick DiMartino wrote in Three Percent that Mukasonga included "chuckling good humor" and was "playful" in her writing.[13] The novel uses many Kinyarwanda words, a feature retained in the English translation; LaRue stated that many writers in post-colonial countries intersperse words of indigenous languages into texts written in European languages, which is "interrupting" the colonial language.[9] The English version also retains usage of some French words, such as lycée, giving it what LaRue describes as "another layer of 'foreignness' to the text".[9]

Characters edit

The reviewer for Publishers Weekly wrote that the characters are distinct and that a few characters "lack overt motivation for their nastiness",[14] and LaRue argued that some characters are "too schematic".[9]

Most of the characters are schoolgirls from wealthy families.[14] Students include:

  • Veronica and Virginia (Mutamuriza[9]) - The school's only Tutsi students,[4] they face danger from increased anti-Tutsi sentiment. Veronica dies during anti-Tutsi violence,[14] raped and burned to death at Fontenaille's place by a mob organized by Gloriosa,[12] but Virginia is the sole Tutsi to survive.[9] Virginia survives since an old man named Rubanga tells her to talk to the ghost of the queen Nyiramavugo, who tells her which Hutu people will not harm her.[12]
    • LaRue described them as the "true protagonists" of the story.[9] Mukasonga herself had been forced to leave her school in the 1970s. LaRue wrote that "In this respect, Virginia is something of Mukasonga’s alter ego".[9]
  • Gloriosa - Gloriosa has influence from her powerful father,[4] a Hutu,[14] who is a prominent official in the Rwandan government.[12] She often threatens the Tutsi students at the school.[6] Gloriosa lies about being attacked by Tutsis.[14] As the novel progresses she begins to order killings, beatings, and rapes, and she begins a programme of racial persecution. Gloriosa damages the statue that the school is named after since it has Tutsi features, and she represents Hutu extremism.[4] Byrd stated that she is a "two-dimensional demagogue", and he describes her as the "de facto villain".[6] LaRue wrote: "If as a character she seems less complex, less interesting than her fellow students, this is likely intentional."[9]
  • Goretti - A student from northern Rwanda, her father is a military official in charge of a base. Goretti is upset that a white researcher is involved so heavily with the gorillas while nobody else is to that degree; Lucas stated that the researcher "is likely Dian Fossey".[12] This prompts Goretti to organize her own trip. She ends Gloriosa's campaign by taking control from her.[12]
  • Frida - Frida's family works for the Rwandan state in the international relations sector.[12] The Ambassador of Zaire courts Frida, wanting her to be his wife.[13] He is a young man, and the two have sex in the bungalow at the school.[12] They plan to marry, but before that happens Frida becomes pregnant.[13] The incident causes a scandal at the school.[12]
  • Modesta - a half-Hutu, half-Tutsi girl who is Gloriosa's friend[3]
  • Immaculée - a student who has a boyfriend and wears revealing clothing[3]

Faculty:

  • Mother Superior - The head of the school[4]
  • Father Herménégilde - A chaplain who is the head of Catholic Relief Services,[13] Lucas describes him as "Gloriosa's Pygmalion".[12] He supports Gloriosa's anti-Tutsi stances and commits himself to the Hutu cause.[12] Herménégilde is sexually interested in his students.[3] He gives gifts in exchange for allowing him to see the student naked.[13] He assists Gloriosa when she has the school raided.[12]
  • Olivier Lapointe - A hippie teacher from France[3]
  • Sister Lydwine - The geography teacher[3]

Other characters:

  • Monsieur de Fontenaille - A white artist,[3] described by Lucas as having "failed" and being a "colonial holdover",[12] Fontenaille lives by himself on a former coffee plantation. He believes Tutsi people were descendants of pharaohs.[13] He takes an interest in Veronica,[3] and he enjoys making sketches of the students.[13] Fontenaille tells Veronica that he will help her get a European education. While Gloriosa has the school raided, Veronica is at Fontenaille's residence. He kills himself with a noose before the mob appears.[12]
    • Lucas states that Fontenaille has "a morbid enchantment" with the possible complete disappearance of Tutsis even as he has "seeming concern" for Veronica's welfare.[12]

Reception edit

The book won the 2012 Prix Ahmadou-Kourouma.[1] It also won the Prix Renaudot, the French Voices Award,[4] and the Océans France Ô prize. Judith Rosen of Publishers Weekly ranked it as one of "The Big Indie Books of Fall 2014".[15] In 2016, the English translation was on the shortlist for the International Dublin Literary Award.

Byrd stated that the "air of foreboding consequence that imparts urgency to almost every page" adds to the novel, and that "Mukasonga is a gifted storyteller with a sure sense of plot construction, and an aptitude for crafting piquant descriptions."[6] Byrd criticised the use of archetypes as characters, calling them "tendentious characterizations" and Byrd also argued that the dialog "skews too much to blatant declarations for my tastes".[6]

Rousseau wrote that the book was "Poignant et implacable" (poignant and harsh/implacable).[7]

Tom Zoellner of Chapman University stated that the book is an "outstanding work of African fiction", and that "Mukasonga is dead on target about Rwanda".[11] According to Zoellner, the expository speeches were "clunky" and some characters made "stentorian proclamations that no self-respecting adolescent girl would attempt" and therefore "Mukasonga’s strength is generally not in dialogue."[11]

LaRue stated that "we should[...]welcome the opportunity to read Mukasonga’s work in English", despite its minor flaws including " dialogue and exposition[that]are occasionally clumsy".[9]

John Taylor wrote in The Arts Fuse that Our Lady of the Nile is "well-constructed". He argued that the author used too pedagogical of an approach to explain the Hutu-Tutsi conflict but he said that was a minor complaint.[3]

Publishers Weekly wrote that Mukasonga "fully draws readers into the tensions, spirituality, and culture of Rwandan life from page one."[14]

Film edit

In 2014, Charlotte Casiraghi bought the rights to the book and will be one of the producers of the film to be adapted from the novel.[16] "Chapter 2", the production company run by Casiraghi's partner, Dimitri Rassam released the film Our Lady of the Nile in partnership with Les Films du Tambour, run by Marie Legrand and Rani Massalha.[16]

The film was directed by Atiq Rahimi and stars Amanda Santa Mugabekazi, Albina Sydney Kirenga, Malaika Uwamahoro, Clariella Bizimana, Belinda Rubango Simbi, and Pascal Greggory. Its world premiere is scheduled for 5 September 2019 at the Toronto International Film Festival, where the film has been designated "Contemporary World Cinema Opening Film".[17][18] It was released in the United States on May 3, 2022. [19]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Scholastique MUKASONGA Notre Dame du Nil / Our Lady of the Nile 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine." Institut Français, Denmark. November 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  2. ^ "Our Lady of the Nile." Archipelago Books. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Taylor, John. "Fuse Book Review: “Our Lady of the Nile” — Prefiguring Rwandan Genocide" (). The Arts Fuse. 26 August 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Gabudeanu, Andreea. "Our Lady of the Nile" (). World Literature Today, 3 April 2015, Volume 89, Issue 2. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  5. ^ Popkin, Nathaniel. "OUR LADY OF THE NILE" (). Cleaver Magazine. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Byrd, Christopher. "'Our Lady of the Nile,' a novel set in Rwanda before the 1994 genocide, has an air of foreboding and urgency." Barnes & Noble Review, 1 October 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2015. See repost at () Christian Science Monitor
  7. ^ a b Rosseau, Christine. "Scholastique Mukasonga : avant le génocide." Le Monde. 3 May 2012. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  8. ^ Kelly, Brian P. "Critic's Notebook for August 25, 2014". The New Criterion. 25 August 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j LaRue, Madeleine. "Scholastique Mukasonga’s Our Lady of the Nile" (). Music & Literature. 23 September 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  10. ^ "The Big Jubilee Read: A literary celebration of Queen Elizabeth II's record-breaking reign". BBC. 17 April 2022. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  11. ^ a b c d e f Zoellner, Tom (Chapman University). "Bigotry from birth." (). The Fortnightly Review. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Lucas, Julian (February 22, 2018). "Fatal beauty". The New York Review of Books. 65 (3): 27–29. - Cited: p. 29
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h DiMartino, Nick. "Why This Book Should Win - Our Lady of the Nile by Guest Critic Nick DiMartino" (). Three Percent, University of Rochester. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
  14. ^ a b c d e f "Our Lady of the Nile" (review). Publishers Weekly. September 29, 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  15. ^ Rosen, Judith. "The Big Indie Books of Fall 2014." Publishers Weekly, 22 August 2014. Retrieved 28 May 2015.
  16. ^ a b Girard, Isabelle. "Au Rwanda, le tournage de l'espoir pour panser les plaies du génocide". Madame Figaro. Le Figaro. Retrieved 26 April 2019.
  17. ^ "TIFF 2019 CONTEMPORARY WORLD CINEMA SLATE OFFERS A GLOBALSNAPSHOT OF THE WORLD THROUGH ESSENTIAL STORYTELLING" (PDF) (Press release). TIFF. 13 August 2019. p. 5.
  18. ^ "Our Lady of the Nile [programme note]". TIFF. 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  19. ^ Rahimi, Atiq (2022-05-03), Notre-Dame du Nil (Drama), Amanda Mugabezaki, Albina Kirenga, Malaika Uwamahoro, Les Films du Tambour, Chapter 2, France 2 Cinéma, retrieved 2024-01-26

Further reading edit

(in French)

  • Béraud-Sudreau, Caroline. "notre dame du nil, de scholastique mukasonga". Les 8 Plumes, L'Express. 9 March 2013.
  • Cocquet, Marion. "Notre-Dame du Nil", mémoires de jeunes filles brisées." Le Point. 8 November 2012.
  • Garcin, Jérôme. "Scholastique Mukasonga, la pharaonne noire du Calvados" (). L'Obs.
  • Payot, Marianne. "Notre-Dame du Nil, un Renaudot bien mérité". L'Express. 5 December 2012.
  • "Notre-Dame du Nil". La Lettre de la CADE n° 159, Janvier 2013. Coordination pour l'Afrique de Demain (CADE). p. 10–11.
  • "Notre-Dame du Nil" de Scholastique Mukasonga chez Gallimard (Paris, France)". 20 Minutes.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
lady, nile, french, notre, dame, french, language, novel, rwanda, born, writer, scholastique, mukasonga, originally, published, 2012, Éditions, gallimard, mukasonga, fourth, book, first, novel, english, language, translation, published, united, states, 2014, a. Our Lady of the Nile French Notre Dame du Nil is a French language novel by Rwanda born writer Scholastique Mukasonga 1 originally published in 2012 by Editions Gallimard 2 It is Mukasonga s fourth book and first novel 3 The English language translation published in the United States in 2014 by Archipelago Books was done by Melanie Mauthier 4 a poet and writer from the United Kingdom 5 First French edition The story is about life at a Catholic boarding secondary school in Nyambinombe District Rwanda circa 1980 prior to the Rwandan genocide of 1994 6 Christine Rousseau of Le Monde wrote that D une ecriture apre et tendue Notre Dame du Nil depeint une societe qui chemine inexorablement vers l horreur With bitter and tense writing Our Lady of the Nile depicts a society walking inexorably towards horror 7 Brian P Kelly of The New Criterion wrote that the book is a snapshot of the social and racial conflicts that eventually led to the 1994 massacres 8 Madeleine LaRue of Music amp Literature wrote that The West has indeed too often dismissed suffering in Africa but books like Our Lady of the Nile remind us why we must not be dismissive why we must not look away 9 In 2022 the novel was included on the Big Jubilee Read list of 70 books by Commonwealth authors selected to celebrate the Platinum Jubilee of Elizabeth II 10 Contents 1 Plot 2 Style 3 Characters 4 Reception 5 Film 6 See also 7 References 8 Further reading 9 External linksPlot editThis article needs an improved plot summary Please help improve the plot summary May 2015 Learn how and when to remove this message nbsp Scholastique Mukasonga the author of the book The story takes place at an all girls lycee at the top of a hill near the source of the Nile River The story is set during Hutu rule 11 Most of the students are children of prominent government officials Julian Lucas describes the culture as an East African Mean Girls 12 The school has a quota that limits Tutsi students to 10 of the student body 1 Therefore only two girls are Tutsis 12 The characters form an ensemble cast and are present throughout the book Each chapter focuses on a particular girl 13 The initial portion of the book discusses a geography lesson in which the teacher points to the high altitude in which the school resides and the teacher proclaims the apparent proximity to heaven Julian Lucas of the New York Review of Books states that this foreshadows a fall from grace 12 The middle of the novel includes the Tutsi students encounters with some men and the final portion of the novel showcases an anti Tutsi frenzy 11 orchestrated by Hutu student Gloriosa and assisted by a white teacher Gloriosa had accidentally damaged a statue of Mary while trying to remove a nose deemed too Tutsi like referring to the notion of spiting one s face by cutting off one s nose 12 Character deaths are not directly depicted and are instead recounted by another character 11 A northern origin student Goretti ends Gloriosa s campaign and becomes the leader of the school dormitory this is a reference to the overthrow of Gregoire Kayibanda by Juvenal Habyarimana Gloriosa s father becomes a prison inmate 12 Tom Zoellner of Chapman University argued that the beginning of the novel is too preoccupied with stage setting 11 Style editChristopher Byrd of Barnes amp Noble Review stated that the novel uses a context leading up to the Rwandan massacre while also maintaining a universal texture to the resentment envy and opportunism that are a part of any student body through being a school story 6 Nick DiMartino wrote in Three Percent that Mukasonga included chuckling good humor and was playful in her writing 13 The novel uses many Kinyarwanda words a feature retained in the English translation LaRue stated that many writers in post colonial countries intersperse words of indigenous languages into texts written in European languages which is interrupting the colonial language 9 The English version also retains usage of some French words such as lycee giving it what LaRue describes as another layer of foreignness to the text 9 Characters editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it May 2015 The reviewer for Publishers Weekly wrote that the characters are distinct and that a few characters lack overt motivation for their nastiness 14 and LaRue argued that some characters are too schematic 9 Most of the characters are schoolgirls from wealthy families 14 Students include Veronica and Virginia Mutamuriza 9 The school s only Tutsi students 4 they face danger from increased anti Tutsi sentiment Veronica dies during anti Tutsi violence 14 raped and burned to death at Fontenaille s place by a mob organized by Gloriosa 12 but Virginia is the sole Tutsi to survive 9 Virginia survives since an old man named Rubanga tells her to talk to the ghost of the queen Nyiramavugo who tells her which Hutu people will not harm her 12 LaRue described them as the true protagonists of the story 9 Mukasonga herself had been forced to leave her school in the 1970s LaRue wrote that In this respect Virginia is something of Mukasonga s alter ego 9 Gloriosa Gloriosa has influence from her powerful father 4 a Hutu 14 who is a prominent official in the Rwandan government 12 She often threatens the Tutsi students at the school 6 Gloriosa lies about being attacked by Tutsis 14 As the novel progresses she begins to order killings beatings and rapes and she begins a programme of racial persecution Gloriosa damages the statue that the school is named after since it has Tutsi features and she represents Hutu extremism 4 Byrd stated that she is a two dimensional demagogue and he describes her as the de facto villain 6 LaRue wrote If as a character she seems less complex less interesting than her fellow students this is likely intentional 9 Goretti A student from northern Rwanda her father is a military official in charge of a base Goretti is upset that a white researcher is involved so heavily with the gorillas while nobody else is to that degree Lucas stated that the researcher is likely Dian Fossey 12 This prompts Goretti to organize her own trip She ends Gloriosa s campaign by taking control from her 12 Frida Frida s family works for the Rwandan state in the international relations sector 12 The Ambassador of Zaire courts Frida wanting her to be his wife 13 He is a young man and the two have sex in the bungalow at the school 12 They plan to marry but before that happens Frida becomes pregnant 13 The incident causes a scandal at the school 12 Modesta a half Hutu half Tutsi girl who is Gloriosa s friend 3 Immaculee a student who has a boyfriend and wears revealing clothing 3 Faculty Mother Superior The head of the school 4 Father Hermenegilde A chaplain who is the head of Catholic Relief Services 13 Lucas describes him as Gloriosa s Pygmalion 12 He supports Gloriosa s anti Tutsi stances and commits himself to the Hutu cause 12 Hermenegilde is sexually interested in his students 3 He gives gifts in exchange for allowing him to see the student naked 13 He assists Gloriosa when she has the school raided 12 Olivier Lapointe A hippie teacher from France 3 Sister Lydwine The geography teacher 3 Other characters Monsieur de Fontenaille A white artist 3 described by Lucas as having failed and being a colonial holdover 12 Fontenaille lives by himself on a former coffee plantation He believes Tutsi people were descendants of pharaohs 13 He takes an interest in Veronica 3 and he enjoys making sketches of the students 13 Fontenaille tells Veronica that he will help her get a European education While Gloriosa has the school raided Veronica is at Fontenaille s residence He kills himself with a noose before the mob appears 12 Lucas states that Fontenaille has a morbid enchantment with the possible complete disappearance of Tutsis even as he has seeming concern for Veronica s welfare 12 Reception editThe book won the 2012 Prix Ahmadou Kourouma 1 It also won the Prix Renaudot the French Voices Award 4 and the Oceans France O prize Judith Rosen of Publishers Weekly ranked it as one of The Big Indie Books of Fall 2014 15 In 2016 the English translation was on the shortlist for the International Dublin Literary Award Byrd stated that the air of foreboding consequence that imparts urgency to almost every page adds to the novel and that Mukasonga is a gifted storyteller with a sure sense of plot construction and an aptitude for crafting piquant descriptions 6 Byrd criticised the use of archetypes as characters calling them tendentious characterizations and Byrd also argued that the dialog skews too much to blatant declarations for my tastes 6 Rousseau wrote that the book was Poignant et implacable poignant and harsh implacable 7 Tom Zoellner of Chapman University stated that the book is an outstanding work of African fiction and that Mukasonga is dead on target about Rwanda 11 According to Zoellner the expository speeches were clunky and some characters made stentorian proclamations that no self respecting adolescent girl would attempt and therefore Mukasonga s strength is generally not in dialogue 11 LaRue stated that we should welcome the opportunity to read Mukasonga s work in English despite its minor flaws including dialogue and exposition that are occasionally clumsy 9 John Taylor wrote in The Arts Fuse that Our Lady of the Nile is well constructed He argued that the author used too pedagogical of an approach to explain the Hutu Tutsi conflict but he said that was a minor complaint 3 Publishers Weekly wrote that Mukasonga fully draws readers into the tensions spirituality and culture of Rwandan life from page one 14 Film editIn 2014 Charlotte Casiraghi bought the rights to the book and will be one of the producers of the film to be adapted from the novel 16 Chapter 2 the production company run by Casiraghi s partner Dimitri Rassam released the film Our Lady of the Nile in partnership with Les Films du Tambour run by Marie Legrand and Rani Massalha 16 The film was directed by Atiq Rahimi and stars Amanda Santa Mugabekazi Albina Sydney Kirenga Malaika Uwamahoro Clariella Bizimana Belinda Rubango Simbi and Pascal Greggory Its world premiere is scheduled for 5 September 2019 at the Toronto International Film Festival where the film has been designated Contemporary World Cinema Opening Film 17 18 It was released in the United States on May 3 2022 19 See also editPortals nbsp France nbsp Africa nbsp Novels Rwandan literatureReferences edit a b c Scholastique MUKASONGA Notre Dame du Nil Our Lady of the Nile Archived 2016 03 04 at the Wayback Machine Institut Francais Denmark November 2012 Retrieved 28 May 2015 Our Lady of the Nile Archipelago Books Retrieved 28 May 2015 a b c d e f g h i Taylor John Fuse Book Review Our Lady of the Nile Prefiguring Rwandan Genocide Archive The Arts Fuse 26 August 2014 Retrieved 29 May 2015 a b c d e f Gabudeanu Andreea Our Lady of the Nile Archive World Literature Today 3 April 2015 Volume 89 Issue 2 Retrieved 28 May 2015 Popkin Nathaniel OUR LADY OF THE NILE Archive Cleaver Magazine Retrieved 29 May 2015 a b c d e f Byrd Christopher Our Lady of the Nile a novel set in Rwanda before the 1994 genocide has an air of foreboding and urgency Barnes amp Noble Review 1 October 2014 Retrieved 28 May 2015 See repost at Archive Christian Science Monitor a b Rosseau Christine Scholastique Mukasonga avant le genocide Le Monde 3 May 2012 Retrieved 29 May 2015 Kelly Brian P Critic s Notebook for August 25 2014 The New Criterion 25 August 2014 Retrieved 28 May 2015 a b c d e f g h i j LaRue Madeleine Scholastique Mukasonga s Our Lady of the Nile Archive Music amp Literature 23 September 2014 Retrieved 29 May 2015 The Big Jubilee Read A literary celebration of Queen Elizabeth II s record breaking reign BBC 17 April 2022 Retrieved 15 July 2022 a b c d e f Zoellner Tom Chapman University Bigotry from birth Archive The Fortnightly Review Retrieved 29 May 2015 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Lucas Julian February 22 2018 Fatal beauty The New York Review of Books 65 3 27 29 Cited p 29 a b c d e f g h DiMartino Nick Why This Book Should Win Our Lady of the Nile by Guest Critic Nick DiMartino Archive Three Percent University of Rochester Retrieved 29 May 2015 a b c d e f Our Lady of the Nile review Publishers Weekly September 29 2014 Retrieved 28 May 2015 Rosen Judith The Big Indie Books of Fall 2014 Publishers Weekly 22 August 2014 Retrieved 28 May 2015 a b Girard Isabelle Au Rwanda le tournage de l espoir pour panser les plaies du genocide Madame Figaro Le Figaro Retrieved 26 April 2019 TIFF 2019 CONTEMPORARY WORLD CINEMA SLATE OFFERS A GLOBALSNAPSHOT OF THE WORLD THROUGH ESSENTIAL STORYTELLING PDF Press release TIFF 13 August 2019 p 5 Our Lady of the Nile programme note TIFF 2019 Retrieved 26 August 2019 Rahimi Atiq 2022 05 03 Notre Dame du Nil Drama Amanda Mugabezaki Albina Kirenga Malaika Uwamahoro Les Films du Tambour Chapter 2 France 2 Cinema retrieved 2024 01 26Further reading edit in French Beraud Sudreau Caroline notre dame du nil de scholastique mukasonga Les 8 Plumes L Express 9 March 2013 Cocquet Marion Notre Dame du Nil memoires de jeunes filles brisees Le Point 8 November 2012 Garcin Jerome Scholastique Mukasonga la pharaonne noire du Calvados Archive L Obs Payot Marianne Notre Dame du Nil un Renaudot bien merite L Express 5 December 2012 Notre Dame du Nil La Lettre de la CADE n 159 Janvier 2013 Coordination pour l Afrique de Demain CADE p 10 11 Notre Dame du Nil de Scholastique Mukasonga chez Gallimard Paris France 20 Minutes External links editScholastique Mukasonga Official Website in French Our Lady of the Nile Archipelago Books Notre Dame du Nil Editions Gallimard in French Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Our Lady of the Nile amp oldid 1199218781, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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