The term Orestis is derived from the Greek word orestias meaning "of the mountains" or "mountainous".[6]
History
Like most of Upper Macedonia, Orestis only became part of Macedon after the early 4th century BC; before that, it had close relations with Epirus. A 6th century BC silver finger ring bearing the frequent Orestian name "Antiochus" was found in the Dodona sanctuary.[7] During the Peloponnesian War, a thousand Orestians led by King Antiochus accompanied the Parauaeans of Epirus.[8]Hecataeus and Strabo identified these mountain kingdoms as being of Epirotic stock.[1] Natives of the region were: Pausanias of Orestis, the lover and murderer of Philip II, and three of Alexander's prominent diadochi: Perdiccas (son of Orontes), Seleucus I Nicator (son of Antiochus) and his uncle Ptolemy, and Craterus and Amphoterus, sons of a noble from Orestis named Alexander.
The region became independent again in 196 BC, when the Romans, after defeating Philip V (r. 221–179 BC), declared the Orestae free because they had supported the Roman cause in the recent war against Macedon.[9][10] According to Appian, Argos Orestikon (in modern Orestida), rather than PeloponnesianArgos, was the homeland of the Argead dynasty.[11] According to Miltiades Hatzopoulos, the ancient Macedonians wandered from Orestis to Lower Macedonia where they founded the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon.[12]
^ abHammond 1982, p. 266: "On crossing the Balkan chain, we find that Hecataeus called the Orestae 'a Molossian tribe' (F 107), and Strabo (434; cf. 326) probably derived from Hecataeus his belief that the Elimeotae, Lyncestae, and Pelagones, as well as the Orestae, were Epirotic or rather Molossian tribes before their incorporation by the Macedones into the Macedonian kingdom."
^Hornblower, Spawforth & Eidinow 2012, p. 966: "Molossi, common name of tribes forming a tribal state (koinon) in Epirus, which originated in northern Pindus including the Orestae, FGrH 1 F 107) and expanded southwards, reaching the Ambraciote Gulf (see AMBRACIA) c.370 BC."
^Hammond 1967, p. 703: "The Orestae were Molossian (as we know from a fourth-century inscription)."
^Hammond 2001, p. 158: "Pelagones in the region of Prilep, the Lyncestae in the region of Florina, the Orestae in the region of Kastoria, and the Elimeotae in the region of Kozani. These tribes were all Epirotic tribes and they talked the Greek language but with a different dialect, the Northwest Greek dialect, as we know now from the local questions which were put to the god of Dodona."
^Borza 1992, p. 74: "The western Greek people (with affinities to the Epirotic tribes) in Orestis, Lyncus, and parts of Pelagonia."
^Titus Livy. Ab Urbe Condita, 33.34.5: "To the Orestae — that is a tribe of the Macedonians — their own laws were restored, because they had been the first to revolt against the king."
Borza, Eugene N. (1992). In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon (Revised Edition). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN0-691-00880-9.
Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (2001). Collected Studies: Further Studies on Various Topics. Vol. V. Amsterdam: Hakkert.
Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1982). "CHAPTER 40 ILLYRIS, EPIRUS AND MACEDONIA". In Boardman, John; Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (eds.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries B.C. Vol. III, Part 3 (2nd ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 261–285. ISBN0-521-23447-6.
Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1967). Epirus: The Geography, the Ancient Remains, the History and the Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas. Oxford: The Clarendon Press.
Hatzopoulos, Miltiades B. (2017). Recent Research in the Ancient Macedonian Dialect: Consolidation and New Perspectives. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 299–328. doi:10.1515/9783110532135-016/html. ISBN978-3-11-053213-5.
Hornblower, Simon; Spawforth, Antony; Eidinow, Esther (2012) [1949]. The Oxford Classical Dictionary (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0-19-954556-8.
Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Samsaris, Demetris K. (1989). Ιστορική Γεωγραφία της Ρωμαϊκής Επαρχίας Μακεδονίας [Historical Geography of the Roman Province of Macedonia](PDF) (in Greek). Thessaloniki: Society of Macedonian Studies. ISBN9607265017.
orestis, region, modern, municipality, orestida, orestis, greek, Ορέστης, region, upper, macedonia, corresponding, roughly, modern, kastoria, regional, unit, located, west, macedonia, greece, inhabitants, were, orestae, ancient, greek, tribe, that, part, molos. For the modern municipality see Orestida Orestis Greek Oresths was a region of Upper Macedonia corresponding roughly to the modern Kastoria regional unit located in West Macedonia Greece Its inhabitants were the Orestae an ancient Greek tribe that was part of the Molossian tribal state or koinon 1 2 3 4 5 Map of the Kingdom of Macedon with Orestis located in the western districts of the kingdom Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 See also 4 References 4 1 Citations 4 2 Sources 5 Further readingEtymology EditThe term Orestis is derived from the Greek word orestias meaning of the mountains or mountainous 6 History EditLike most of Upper Macedonia Orestis only became part of Macedon after the early 4th century BC before that it had close relations with Epirus A 6th century BC silver finger ring bearing the frequent Orestian name Antiochus was found in the Dodona sanctuary 7 During the Peloponnesian War a thousand Orestians led by King Antiochus accompanied the Parauaeans of Epirus 8 Hecataeus and Strabo identified these mountain kingdoms as being of Epirotic stock 1 Natives of the region were Pausanias of Orestis the lover and murderer of Philip II and three of Alexander s prominent diadochi Perdiccas son of Orontes Seleucus I Nicator son of Antiochus and his uncle Ptolemy and Craterus and Amphoterus sons of a noble from Orestis named Alexander The region became independent again in 196 BC when the Romans after defeating Philip V r 221 179 BC declared the Orestae free because they had supported the Roman cause in the recent war against Macedon 9 10 According to Appian Argos Orestikon in modern Orestida rather than Peloponnesian Argos was the homeland of the Argead dynasty 11 According to Miltiades Hatzopoulos the ancient Macedonians wandered from Orestis to Lower Macedonia where they founded the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon 12 See also EditBattyna Parauaea TymphaeaReferences EditCitations Edit a b Hammond 1982 p 266 On crossing the Balkan chain we find that Hecataeus called the Orestae a Molossian tribe F 107 and Strabo 434 cf 326 probably derived from Hecataeus his belief that the Elimeotae Lyncestae and Pelagones as well as the Orestae were Epirotic or rather Molossian tribes before their incorporation by the Macedones into the Macedonian kingdom Hornblower Spawforth amp Eidinow 2012 p 966 Molossi common name of tribes forming a tribal state koinon in Epirus which originated in northern Pindus including the Orestae FGrH 1 F 107 and expanded southwards reaching the Ambraciote Gulf see AMBRACIA c 370 BC Hammond 1967 p 703 The Orestae were Molossian as we know from a fourth century inscription Hammond 2001 p 158 Pelagones in the region of Prilep the Lyncestae in the region of Florina the Orestae in the region of Kastoria and the Elimeotae in the region of Kozani These tribes were all Epirotic tribes and they talked the Greek language but with a different dialect the Northwest Greek dialect as we know now from the local questions which were put to the god of Dodona Borza 1992 p 74 The western Greek people with affinities to the Epirotic tribes in Orestis Lyncus and parts of Pelagonia Liddell amp Scott 1940 ὀrestias PAAH 1929 122 Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 2 80 Samsaris 1989 pp 64 65 Titus Livy Ab Urbe Condita 33 34 5 To the Orestae that is a tribe of the Macedonians their own laws were restored because they had been the first to revolt against the king Appian Syrian Wars 11 10 63 Hatzopoulos 2017 pp 314 324 Sources Edit Borza Eugene N 1992 In the Shadow of Olympus The Emergence of Macedon Revised Edition Princeton NJ Princeton University Press ISBN 0 691 00880 9 Hammond Nicholas Geoffrey Lempriere 2001 Collected Studies Further Studies on Various Topics Vol V Amsterdam Hakkert Hammond Nicholas Geoffrey Lempriere 1982 CHAPTER 40 ILLYRIS EPIRUS AND MACEDONIA In Boardman John Hammond Nicholas Geoffrey Lempriere eds The Cambridge Ancient History The Expansion of the Greek World Eighth to Sixth Centuries B C Vol III Part 3 2nd ed Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 261 285 ISBN 0 521 23447 6 Hammond Nicholas Geoffrey Lempriere 1967 Epirus The Geography the Ancient Remains the History and the Topography of Epirus and Adjacent Areas Oxford The Clarendon Press Hatzopoulos Miltiades B 2017 Recent Research in the Ancient Macedonian Dialect Consolidation and New Perspectives Berlin De Gruyter pp 299 328 doi 10 1515 9783110532135 016 html ISBN 978 3 11 053213 5 Hornblower Simon Spawforth Antony Eidinow Esther 2012 1949 The Oxford Classical Dictionary 4th ed Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 954556 8 Liddell Henry George Scott Robert 1940 A Greek English Lexicon Oxford Clarendon Press Samsaris Demetris K 1989 Istorikh Gewgrafia ths Rwmaikhs Eparxias Makedonias Historical Geography of the Roman Province of Macedonia PDF in Greek Thessaloniki Society of Macedonian Studies ISBN 9607265017 Further reading EditPolybius The Histories 18 47 6 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Orestis region amp oldid 1049934847, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
