The north orbital poles of the Solar System planets all lie within Draco. The central yellow dot represents the Sun's north pole. Jupiter's north orbital pole is colored orange, Mercury's pale blue, Venus's green, Earth's blue, Mars's red, Saturn's magenta, Uranus's grey, and Neptune's lavender. That of the dwarf planetPluto is shown as the dotless cross off in Cepheus.
The north orbital pole of a revolving body is defined by the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand are curved along the direction of orbital motion, with the thumb extended and oriented to be parallel to the orbital axis, then the direction the thumb points is defined to be the orbital north.
The poles of Earth's orbit are referred to as the ecliptic poles. For the remaining planets, the orbital pole in ecliptic coordinates is given by the longitude of the ascending node (☊) and inclination (i): ℓ = ☊ − 90° ,b = 90° − i . In the following table, the planetary orbit poles are given in both celestial coordinates and the ecliptic coordinates for the Earth.
When a satellite orbits close to another large body, it can only maintain continuous observations in areas near its orbital poles. The continuous viewing zone (CVZ) of the Hubble Space Telescope lies inside roughly 24° of Hubble's orbital poles, which precess around the Earth's axis every 56 days.[2]
As of 1 January 2000[update], the positions of the ecliptic poles expressed in equatorial coordinates, as a consequence of Earth's axial tilt, are the following:
It is impossible anywhere on Earth for either ecliptic pole to be at the zenith in the night sky. By definition, the ecliptic poles are located 90° from the Sun's position. Therefore, whenever and wherever either ecliptic pole is directly overhead, the Sun must be on the horizon. The ecliptic poles can contact the zenith only within the Arctic and Antarctic circles.
^ abWhen inclination is very near 0, the location of nodes is somewhat uncertain, and is less useful to orient the orbit. Likewise when latitude is very near a pole (±90°), the longitude is less certain or useful.
^ abData from "HORIZONS Web-Interface". JPL Solar System Dynamics. NASA. Retrieved 2020-09-01. Used "Ephemeris Type: Orbital Elements", "Time Span: discrete time=2451545", "Center: Sun (body center)", and selected each object's barycenter. Results are instantaneous osculating values at the precise J2000 epoch, and referenced to the ecliptic.
^"HST cycle 26 primer orbital constraints". HST User Documentation. hst-docs.stsci.edu. Retrieved 2022-07-16.
orbital, pole, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 202. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Orbital pole news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message An orbital pole is either point at the ends of the orbital normal an imaginary line segment that runs through a focus of an orbit of a revolving body like a planet moon or satellite and is perpendicular or normal to the orbital plane Projected onto the celestial sphere orbital poles are similar in concept to celestial poles but are based on the body s orbit instead of its equator The north orbital poles of the Solar System planets all lie within Draco The central yellow dot represents the Sun s north pole Jupiter s north orbital pole is colored orange Mercury s pale blue Venus s green Earth s blue Mars s red Saturn s magenta Uranus s grey and Neptune s lavender That of the dwarf planet Pluto is shown as the dotless cross off in Cepheus The north orbital pole of a revolving body is defined by the right hand rule If the fingers of the right hand are curved along the direction of orbital motion with the thumb extended and oriented to be parallel to the orbital axis then the direction the thumb points is defined to be the orbital north The poles of Earth s orbit are referred to as the ecliptic poles For the remaining planets the orbital pole in ecliptic coordinates is given by the longitude of the ascending node and inclination i ℓ 90 b 90 i In the following table the planetary orbit poles are given in both celestial coordinates and the ecliptic coordinates for the Earth Object 1 i 1 Ecl Lon Ecl Lat RA a Dec d Mercury 48 331 7 005 318 331 82 995 18h 43m 57 1s 61 26 52 Venus 76 678 3 395 346 678 86 605 18h 32m 01 8s 65 34 01 Earth a 140 0 0001 a 50 89 9999 18h 00m 00 0s 66 33 38 84 Mars 49 562 1 850 319 562 88 150 18h 13m 29 7s 65 19 22 Ceres 80 494 10 583 350 494 79 417 19h 33m 33 1s 62 50 57 Jupiter 100 492 1 305 10 492 88 695 18h 13m 00 8s 66 45 53 Saturn 113 643 2 485 23 643 87 515 18h 23m 46 8s 67 26 55 Uranus 73 989 0 773 343 989 89 227 18h 07m 24 1s 66 20 12 Neptune 131 794 1 768 41 794 88 232 18h 13m 54 1s 67 42 08 Pluto 110 287 17 151 20 287 72 849 20h 56m 3 7s 66 32 31 When a satellite orbits close to another large body it can only maintain continuous observations in areas near its orbital poles The continuous viewing zone CVZ of the Hubble Space Telescope lies inside roughly 24 of Hubble s orbital poles which precess around the Earth s axis every 56 days 2 Ecliptic Pole editThe ecliptic is the plane on which Earth orbits the Sun The ecliptic poles are the two points where the ecliptic axis the imaginary line perpendicular to the ecliptic intersects the celestial sphere The two ecliptic poles are mapped below nbsp The north ecliptic pole is in Draco nbsp The south ecliptic pole is in Dorado Due to axial precession either celestial pole completes a circuit around the nearer ecliptic pole every 25 800 years As of 1 January 2000 update the positions of the ecliptic poles expressed in equatorial coordinates as a consequence of Earth s axial tilt are the following North right ascension 18h 0m 0 0s exact declination 66 33 38 55 South right ascension 6h 0m 0 0s exact declination 66 33 38 55 The North Ecliptic Pole is located near the Cat s Eye Nebula and the South Ecliptic Pole is located near the Large Magellanic Cloud It is impossible anywhere on Earth for either ecliptic pole to be at the zenith in the night sky By definition the ecliptic poles are located 90 from the Sun s position Therefore whenever and wherever either ecliptic pole is directly overhead the Sun must be on the horizon The ecliptic poles can contact the zenith only within the Arctic and Antarctic circles The galactic coordinates of the North ecliptic pole can be calculated as ℓ 96 38 b 29 81 see celestial coordinate system See also editCelestial pole Polar alignment Pole star Poles of astronomical bodiesNotes amp References edit a b When inclination is very near 0 the location of nodes is somewhat uncertain and is less useful to orient the orbit Likewise when latitude is very near a pole 90 the longitude is less certain or useful a b Data from HORIZONS Web Interface JPL Solar System Dynamics NASA Retrieved 2020 09 01 Used Ephemeris Type Orbital Elements Time Span discrete time 2451545 Center Sun body center and selected each object s barycenter Results are instantaneous osculating values at the precise J2000 epoch and referenced to the ecliptic HST cycle 26 primer orbital constraints HST User Documentation hst docs stsci edu Retrieved 2022 07 16 Portals nbsp Astronomy nbsp Stars nbsp Spaceflight nbsp Outer space nbsp Solar System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Orbital pole amp oldid 1188988287, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
