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Wikipedia

Oracle Database

April 15, 2024

Oracle Database (commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS, Oracle Autonomous Database, or simply as Oracle) is a proprietary multi-model[4] database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation.

Oracle Database
Developer(s)Oracle Corporation
Initial release1979; 45 years ago (1979)
Stable release
23c[1]  / 19 September 2023; 6 months ago (19 September 2023)
Written inAssembly language, C, C++[2]
TypeMulti-model database
LicenseProprietary[3]
Websitewww.oracle.com/database/

It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing (OLTP), data warehousing (DW) and mixed (OLTP & DW) database workloads. Oracle Database is available by several service providers on-prem, on-cloud, or as a hybrid cloud installation. It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware (Exadata on-prem, on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer).[5]

Oracle Database uses SQL query language for database updating and retrieval.[6]

History edit

Larry Ellison and his two friends and former co-workers, Bob Miner and Ed Oates, started a consultancy called Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while formerly employed by Ampex.[7]

Releases and versions edit

Oracle products follow a custom release-numbering and -naming convention. The "c" in the current release, Oracle Database 23c, stands for "Cloud". Previous releases (e.g. Oracle Database 10g and Oracle9i Database) have used suffixes of "g" and "i" which stand for "Grid" and "Internet" respectively. Prior to the release of Oracle8i Database, no suffixes featured in Oracle Database naming conventions. There was no v1 of Oracle Database, as co-founder Larry Ellison "knew no one would want to buy version 1".[8] For each database release, Oracle also provides an Express Edition (XE) that is free to use.[9]

Oracle Database release numbering has used the following codes:

Legend:
Old version
Older version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release
Oracle
Database
Version 		Initial
Release
Version 		Initial
Release
Date 		Terminal
Version 		Marquee
Features
Current stable version: Oracle Database 23c 23.2.0 April 2023 (Linux) Oracle Database Free - Developer Release[10]

September 2023 Oracle Database on Base Database Service[11]

 JSON Relational Duality, JSON Schema Validation, Transactional Microservices Support, OKafka, Operational Property Graphs, Support for SQL/PGQ, Schema Privileges, Developer Role, SQL Firewall, TLS 1.3 Support, Integration with Azure Active Directory OAuth2, True Cache, Readable Per-PDB Standby, Sharding with active-active Raft-based replication, Automatic SQL Plan Management, Priority Transactions, SQL Syntax Simplification, Annotations, Data Usage Domains, Column Value Lock-free Reservations
Older version, yet still maintained: Oracle Database 21c 21.1.0 December 2020 (cloud)[12]

August 2021 (Linux)[13]

 Blockchain Tables, Multilingual Engine - JavaScript Execution in the Database, Binary JSON Data Type, Per-PDB Data Guard Physical Standby (aka Multitenant Data Guard), Per-PDB GoldenGate Change Capture, Self-Managing In-Memory, In-Memory Hybrid Columnar Scan, In-Memory Vector Joins with SIMD, Sharding Advisor Tool, Property Graph Visualization Studio, Automatic Materialized Views, Automatic Zone Maps, SQL Macros, Gradual Password Rollover
Older version, yet still maintained: Oracle Database 19c 19.1.0 // 12.2.0.3 February 2019 (Exadata)[14]

April 2019 (Linux)[15]
June 2019 (cloud)

Active Data Guard DML Redirection, Automatic Index Creation, Real-Time Statistics Maintenance, SQL Queries on Object Stores, In-Memory for IoT Data Streams, Hybrid Partitioned Tables, Automatic SQL Plan Management, SQL Quarantine, Zero-Downtime Grid Infrastructure Patching, Finer-Granularity Supplemental Logging, Automated PDB Relocation
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 18c 18.1.0 // 12.2.0.2 February 2018 (cloud, Exadata)[16]

July 2018 (other)[17]

 18.17.0
January 2022 		Polymorphic Table Functions, Active Directory Integration, Transparent Application Continuity, Approximate Top-N Query Processing, PDB Snapshot Carousel, Online Merging of Partitions and Subpartitions
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 12c Release 2 12.2.0.1
March 2017 		August 2016 (cloud)

March 2017 (on-prem)

12.2.0.1
March 2017 		Native Sharding, Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance, Exadata Cloud Service, Cloud at Customer
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 12c Release 1 12.1.0.1 July 2013[18] 12.1.0.2
July 2014 		Multitenant architecture, In-Memory Column Store, Native JSON, SQL Pattern Matching, Database Cloud Service
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 11g Release 2 11.2.0.1 September 2009[19] 11.2.0.4
August 2013 		Edition-Based Redefinition, Data Redaction, Hybrid Columnar Compression, Cluster File System, Golden Gate Replication, Database Appliance
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 11g Release 1 11.1.0.6 September 2007 11.1.0.7
September 2008 		Active Data Guard, Secure Files, Exadata
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 10g Release 2 10.2.0.1 July 2005[20] 10.2.0.5
April 2010 		Real Application Testing, Database Vault, Online Indexing, Advanced Compression, Data Guard Fast-Start Failover, Transparent Data Encryption
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle Database 10g Release 1 10.1.0.2 2003 10.1.0.5
February 2006 		Automated Database Management, Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor, Grid infrastructure, Oracle ASM, Flashback Database
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle9i Database Release 2 9.2.0.1 2002 9.2.0.8
April 2007 		Advanced Queuing, Data Mining, Streams, Logical Standby
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle9i Database 9.0.1.0 2001 9.0.1.5
December 2003 		Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC), Oracle XML DB
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle8i Database 8.1.5.0 1998 8.1.7.4
August 2000 		Native internet protocols and Java, Virtual Private Database
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle8 Database 8.0.3 June 1997 8.0.6 Recovery Manager, Partitioning. First version available for Linux.[21]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle 7.3 7.3.0 February 1996 7.3.4 Object-relational database
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle 7.2 7.2.0 May 1995 Shared Server, XA Transactions, Transparent Application Failover
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle 7.1 7.1.0 May 1994 Parallel SQL Execution. First version available for Windows NT.[22]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle7 7.0.12 June 1992 PL/SQL stored procedures, Triggers, Distributed 2-phase commit, Shared Cursors, Cost-Based Optimizer
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle 6.2 6.2.0 Oracle Parallel Server
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle v6 6.0.17 1988 6.0.37 Row-level locking, scalability / performance, online backup and recovery, B*Tree indexes, PL/SQL executed from compiled programs (C etc). First version available for Novell Netware 386.[23]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle v5 5.0.22 (5.1.17) 1985 5.1.22 Support for client/server computing and distributed database systems. First version available for OS/2. Correlated sub-queries[24]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle v4 4.1.4.0 1984 4.1.4.4 Multiversion read consistency. First version available for MS-DOS.[25][26]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle v3 3.1.3 1983 Concurrency control, data distribution, and scalability. Re-written in C for portability to other operating systems, including UNIX.[27]
Old version, no longer maintained: Oracle v2 2.3 1979 First commercially available SQL RDBMS. Basic SQL queries, simple joins[28] and CONNECT BY joins. Written in assembly language for the PDP-11 to run in 128KB of RAM.[29] Ran on PDP-11 and VAX/VMS in PDP-11 compatibility mode.
Legend:
Old version
Older version, still maintained
Latest version
Latest preview version
Future release

The Introduction to Oracle Database includes a brief history on some of the key innovations introduced with each major release of Oracle Database.

See My Oracle Support (MOS) note Release Schedule of Current Database Releases (Doc ID 742060.1) for the current Oracle Database releases and their patching end dates.

Patch updates and security alerts edit

Prior to Oracle Database 18c, Oracle Corporation released Critical Patch Updates (CPUs) and Security Patch Updates (SPUs)[30] and Security Alerts to close security vulnerabilities. These releases are issued quarterly; some of these releases have updates issued prior to the next quarterly release.

Starting with Oracle Database 18c, Oracle Corporation releases Release Updates (RUs) and Release Update Revisions (RURs).[31] RUs usually contain security, regression (bug), optimizer, and functional fixes which may include feature extensions as well. RURs include all fixes from their corresponding RU but only add new security and regression fixes. However, no new optimizer or functional fixes are included.

Market position edit

A 2016 Gartner report claimed to show Oracle holding #1 RDBMS market share worldwide based on the revenue share ahead of its four closest competitors – Microsoft, IBM, SAP and Teradata .[32][verification needed][clarification needed] A 2021 Gartner Magic Quadrant report named Oracle a leader in Cloud Database Management Systems.[33]

Competition edit

In the market for relational databases, Oracle Database competes against commercial products such as IBM Db2 and Microsoft SQL Server. Oracle and IBM tend to battle for the mid-range database market on Unix and Linux platforms, while Microsoft dominates the mid-range database market on Microsoft Windows platforms. However, since they share many of the same customers, Oracle and IBM tend to support each other's products in many middleware and application categories (for example: WebSphere, PeopleSoft, and Siebel Systems CRM), and IBM's hardware divisions work closely[citation needed] with Oracle on performance-optimizing server-technologies (for example, Linux on IBM Z). Niche commercial competitors include Teradata (in data warehousing and business intelligence), Software AG's ADABAS, Sybase, and IBM's Informix, among many others.

In the cloud, Oracle Database competes against the database services of AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.

Increasingly, the Oracle database products compete against open-source software relational and non-relational database systems such as PostgreSQL, MongoDB, Couchbase, Neo4j, ArangoDB and others. Oracle acquired Innobase, supplier of the InnoDB codebase to MySQL, in part to compete better against open source alternatives, and acquired Sun Microsystems, owner of MySQL, in 2010. Database products licensed as open-source are, by the legal terms of the Open Source Definition, free to distribute and free of royalty or other licensing fees.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Oracle Database 23c: The Next Long Term Support Release".
  2. ^ Lextrait, Vincent (March 2016). "The Programming Languages Beacon, v16". Archived from the original on 30 May 2012. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  3. ^ "OTN Standard License", Technical network, Oracle
  4. ^ "Multimodel Database with Oracle Database 12c Release 2" (PDF). Oracle. (PDF) from the original on 14 April 2017. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
  5. ^ "Exadata" (PDF), Technical network, Oracle
  6. ^ Roeser, Mary Beth; Adams, Drew; Ashdown, Lance; Baby, Thomas; Baer, Hermann; Baskan, Yasin; Bayliss, Nigel; Chen, Shuo; Belden, Eric. "Oracle and Standard SQL". Oracle Help Center. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
  7. ^ "Welcome to Larryland". The Guardian. from the original on 25 August 2016. Retrieved 19 December 2009.
  8. ^ Julie Bort (29 September 2014). "Larry Ellison Is A Billionaire Today Thanks to the CIA". Business Insider. from the original on 16 January 2017. Retrieved 13 January 2017.
  9. ^ "Free Oracle Database for Everyone". Oracle. Retrieved 19 February 2024.
  10. ^ "Oracle Database 23c Free - Developer Release". Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
  11. ^ "Oracle Database 23c on OCI Base Database Service". Oracle Corporation. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  12. ^ "Oracle Database 21c". Oracle Help Center. Retrieved 9 December 2020.
  13. ^ Hardie, William (23 September 2021). "Oracle Database 21c Now Available On Linux". Oracle Database Insider. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
  14. ^ Giles, Dominic (13 February 2019). "Oracle Database 19c Now Available on Oracle Exadata". Oracle Database Insider. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  15. ^ Hardie, William (25 April 2019). "Oracle Database 19c Now Available on Linux". Oracle Database Insider. Archived from the original on 5 April 2024. Retrieved 27 April 2021.
  16. ^ "Oracle Database 18c : Now available on the Oracle Cloud and Oracle Engineered Systems". Oracle Database Insider. 16 February 2018. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
  17. ^ Zagar, Adriana (23 July 2018). . Oracle Community. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 16 January 2020.
  18. ^ . Oracle. 1 July 2013. Archived from the original on 9 September 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  19. ^ . Oracle. 1 September 2009. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  20. ^ . Oracle. 11 July 2005. Archived from the original on 5 April 2018. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
  21. ^ Biggs, Maggie (5 October 1998). "Oracle8 on Linux shows promise". InfoWorld. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  22. ^ Nash, Kim (3 October 1994). "Oracle users ponder product overload". Infoworld. IDG Enterprise. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  23. ^ O'Brien, Timothy (29 April 1991). "Oracle8 on Linux shows promise". InfoWorld. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  24. ^ Mace, Scott (30 January 1989). "DOS Version of Professional Oracle 5.1B Adds SQL Report Writer". InfoWorld. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  25. ^ Webster, Robin (13 November 1984). "PC Relational Database? New Answer is Oracle". PC Magazine. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  26. ^ Gralike, Marco (4 April 2006). "Back to the future (Oracle 4.1 VM appliance)". amis.nl. from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  27. ^ Data Processing Digest Volumes 29-30. Data Processing Digest. 1983. p. 2.
  28. ^ Departments of Informatics. "Oracle V2". Virtual Exhibitions in Informatics. University of Klagenfurt. from the original on 30 September 2019. Retrieved 30 September 2019.
  29. ^ Maheshwari, Sharad (2007). Introduction to SQL and PL/SQL. Firewall Media. p. 12. ISBN 9788131800386.
  30. ^ Baransel, Emre (2013). Oracle Data Guard 11gR2 Administration Beginner's Guide. Packt Publishing Ltd. ISBN 9781849687911. from the original on 23 November 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2014. You should not get confused between Critical Patch Update (CPU) and Security Patch Update (SPU) as CPU terminology has been changed to SPU from October 2012.
  31. ^ "Patch Delivery Methods for Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2.0.1) and Later Versions". Docs.oracle.com. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
  32. ^ Heudecker, Nick; Feinberg, Donald; Adrian, Merv (25 July 2017). "State of the Operational DBMS Market, 2017". Gartner. Retrieved 15 December 2017.
  33. ^ "Magic Quadrant for Cloud Database Management Systems". Gartner. Retrieved 18 April 2022.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oracle Database.
 
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Oracle database
 
Wikiversity has learning resources about Oracle Database
  • Overview provided by Oracle Corporation.

April 15, 2024
oracle, database, commonly, referred, oracle, dbms, oracle, autonomous, database, simply, oracle, proprietary, multi, model, database, management, system, produced, marketed, oracle, corporation, developer, oracle, corporationinitial, release1979, years, 1979,. Oracle Database commonly referred to as Oracle DBMS Oracle Autonomous Database or simply as Oracle is a proprietary multi model 4 database management system produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation Oracle DatabaseDeveloper s Oracle CorporationInitial release1979 45 years ago 1979 Stable release23c 1 19 September 2023 6 months ago 19 September 2023 Written inAssembly language C C 2 TypeMulti model databaseLicenseProprietary 3 Websitewww wbr oracle wbr com wbr database wbr It is a database commonly used for running online transaction processing OLTP data warehousing DW and mixed OLTP amp DW database workloads Oracle Database is available by several service providers on prem on cloud or as a hybrid cloud installation It may be run on third party servers as well as on Oracle hardware Exadata on prem on Oracle Cloud or at Cloud at Customer 5 Oracle Database uses SQL query language for database updating and retrieval 6 Contents 1 History 1 1 Releases and versions 1 2 Patch updates and security alerts 2 Market position 2 1 Competition 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory editLarry Ellison and his two friends and former co workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates started a consultancy called Software Development Laboratories SDL in 1977 SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software The name Oracle comes from the code name of a CIA funded project Ellison had worked on while formerly employed by Ampex 7 Releases and versions edit Oracle products follow a custom release numbering and naming convention The c in the current release Oracle Database 23c stands for Cloud Previous releases e g Oracle Database 10g and Oracle9i Database have used suffixes of g and i which stand for Grid and Internet respectively Prior to the release of Oracle8i Database no suffixes featured in Oracle Database naming conventions There was no v1 of Oracle Database as co founder Larry Ellison knew no one would want to buy version 1 8 For each database release Oracle also provides an Express Edition XE that is free to use 9 Oracle Database release numbering has used the following codes Legend Old versionOlder version still maintainedLatest versionLatest preview versionFuture releaseOracle Database Version Initial Release Version Initial Release Date Terminal Version Marquee FeaturesCurrent stable version Oracle Database 23c 23 2 0 April 2023 Linux Oracle Database Free Developer Release 10 September 2023 Oracle Database on Base Database Service 11 JSON Relational Duality JSON Schema Validation Transactional Microservices Support OKafka Operational Property Graphs Support for SQL PGQ Schema Privileges Developer Role SQL Firewall TLS 1 3 Support Integration with Azure Active Directory OAuth2 True Cache Readable Per PDB Standby Sharding with active active Raft based replication Automatic SQL Plan Management Priority Transactions SQL Syntax Simplification Annotations Data Usage Domains Column Value Lock free ReservationsOlder version yet still maintained Oracle Database 21c 21 1 0 December 2020 cloud 12 August 2021 Linux 13 Blockchain Tables Multilingual Engine JavaScript Execution in the Database Binary JSON Data Type Per PDB Data Guard Physical Standby aka Multitenant Data Guard Per PDB GoldenGate Change Capture Self Managing In Memory In Memory Hybrid Columnar Scan In Memory Vector Joins with SIMD Sharding Advisor Tool Property Graph Visualization Studio Automatic Materialized Views Automatic Zone Maps SQL Macros Gradual Password RolloverOlder version yet still maintained Oracle Database 19c 19 1 0 12 2 0 3 February 2019 Exadata 14 April 2019 Linux 15 June 2019 cloud Active Data Guard DML Redirection Automatic Index Creation Real Time Statistics Maintenance SQL Queries on Object Stores In Memory for IoT Data Streams Hybrid Partitioned Tables Automatic SQL Plan Management SQL Quarantine Zero Downtime Grid Infrastructure Patching Finer Granularity Supplemental Logging Automated PDB RelocationOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 18c 18 1 0 12 2 0 2 February 2018 cloud Exadata 16 July 2018 other 17 18 17 0January 2022 Polymorphic Table Functions Active Directory Integration Transparent Application Continuity Approximate Top N Query Processing PDB Snapshot Carousel Online Merging of Partitions and SubpartitionsOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 12c Release 2 12 2 0 1March 2017 August 2016 cloud March 2017 on prem 12 2 0 1March 2017 Native Sharding Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance Exadata Cloud Service Cloud at CustomerOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 12c Release 1 12 1 0 1 July 2013 18 12 1 0 2July 2014 Multitenant architecture In Memory Column Store Native JSON SQL Pattern Matching Database Cloud ServiceOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 11g Release 2 11 2 0 1 September 2009 19 11 2 0 4August 2013 Edition Based Redefinition Data Redaction Hybrid Columnar Compression Cluster File System Golden Gate Replication Database ApplianceOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 11g Release 1 11 1 0 6 September 2007 11 1 0 7September 2008 Active Data Guard Secure Files ExadataOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 10g Release 2 10 2 0 1 July 2005 20 10 2 0 5April 2010 Real Application Testing Database Vault Online Indexing Advanced Compression Data Guard Fast Start Failover Transparent Data EncryptionOld version no longer maintained Oracle Database 10g Release 1 10 1 0 2 2003 10 1 0 5February 2006 Automated Database Management Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor Grid infrastructure Oracle ASM Flashback DatabaseOld version no longer maintained Oracle9i Database Release 2 9 2 0 1 2002 9 2 0 8April 2007 Advanced Queuing Data Mining Streams Logical StandbyOld version no longer maintained Oracle9i Database 9 0 1 0 2001 9 0 1 5December 2003 Oracle Real Application Clusters RAC Oracle XML DBOld version no longer maintained Oracle8i Database 8 1 5 0 1998 8 1 7 4August 2000 Native internet protocols and Java Virtual Private DatabaseOld version no longer maintained Oracle8 Database 8 0 3 June 1997 8 0 6 Recovery Manager Partitioning First version available for Linux 21 Old version no longer maintained Oracle 7 3 7 3 0 February 1996 7 3 4 Object relational databaseOld version no longer maintained Oracle 7 2 7 2 0 May 1995 Shared Server XA Transactions Transparent Application FailoverOld version no longer maintained Oracle 7 1 7 1 0 May 1994 Parallel SQL Execution First version available for Windows NT 22 Old version no longer maintained Oracle7 7 0 12 June 1992 PL SQL stored procedures Triggers Distributed 2 phase commit Shared Cursors Cost Based OptimizerOld version no longer maintained Oracle 6 2 6 2 0 Oracle Parallel ServerOld version no longer maintained Oracle v6 6 0 17 1988 6 0 37 Row level locking scalability performance online backup and recovery B Tree indexes PL SQL executed from compiled programs C etc First version available for Novell Netware 386 23 Old version no longer maintained Oracle v5 5 0 22 5 1 17 1985 5 1 22 Support for client server computing and distributed database systems First version available for OS 2 Correlated sub queries 24 Old version no longer maintained Oracle v4 4 1 4 0 1984 4 1 4 4 Multiversion read consistency First version available for MS DOS 25 26 Old version no longer maintained Oracle v3 3 1 3 1983 Concurrency control data distribution and scalability Re written in C for portability to other operating systems including UNIX 27 Old version no longer maintained Oracle v2 2 3 1979 First commercially available SQL RDBMS Basic SQL queries simple joins 28 and CONNECT BY joins Written in assembly language for the PDP 11 to run in 128KB of RAM 29 Ran on PDP 11 and VAX VMS in PDP 11 compatibility mode Legend Old versionOlder version still maintainedLatest versionLatest preview versionFuture releaseThe Introduction to Oracle Database includes a brief history on some of the key innovations introduced with each major release of Oracle Database See My Oracle Support MOS note Release Schedule of Current Database Releases Doc ID 742060 1 for the current Oracle Database releases and their patching end dates Patch updates and security alerts edit Prior to Oracle Database 18c Oracle Corporation released Critical Patch Updates CPUs and Security Patch Updates SPUs 30 and Security Alerts to close security vulnerabilities These releases are issued quarterly some of these releases have updates issued prior to the next quarterly release Starting with Oracle Database 18c Oracle Corporation releases Release Updates RUs and Release Update Revisions RURs 31 RUs usually contain security regression bug optimizer and functional fixes which may include feature extensions as well RURs include all fixes from their corresponding RU but only add new security and regression fixes However no new optimizer or functional fixes are included Market position editA 2016 Gartner report claimed to show Oracle holding 1 RDBMS market share worldwide based on the revenue share ahead of its four closest competitors Microsoft IBM SAP and Teradata 32 verification needed clarification needed A 2021 Gartner Magic Quadrant report named Oracle a leader in Cloud Database Management Systems 33 Competition edit In the market for relational databases Oracle Database competes against commercial products such as IBM Db2 and Microsoft SQL Server Oracle and IBM tend to battle for the mid range database market on Unix and Linux platforms while Microsoft dominates the mid range database market on Microsoft Windows platforms However since they share many of the same customers Oracle and IBM tend to support each other s products in many middleware and application categories for example WebSphere PeopleSoft and Siebel Systems CRM and IBM s hardware divisions work closely citation needed with Oracle on performance optimizing server technologies for example Linux on IBM Z Niche commercial competitors include Teradata in data warehousing and business intelligence Software AG s ADABAS Sybase and IBM s Informix among many others In the cloud Oracle Database competes against the database services of AWS Microsoft Azure and Google Cloud Platform Increasingly the Oracle database products compete against open source software relational and non relational database systems such as PostgreSQL MongoDB Couchbase Neo4j ArangoDB and others Oracle acquired Innobase supplier of the InnoDB codebase to MySQL in part to compete better against open source alternatives and acquired Sun Microsystems owner of MySQL in 2010 Database products licensed as open source are by the legal terms of the Open Source Definition free to distribute and free of royalty or other licensing fees See also edit nbsp Companies portalComparison of relational database management systems Comparison of object relational database management systems Database management system List of relational database management systems List of databases using MVCC Oracle SQL DeveloperReferences edit Oracle Database 23c The Next Long Term Support Release Lextrait Vincent March 2016 The Programming Languages Beacon v16 Archived from the original on 30 May 2012 Retrieved 15 December 2016 OTN Standard License Technical network Oracle Multimodel Database with Oracle Database 12c Release 2 PDF Oracle Archived PDF from the original on 14 April 2017 Retrieved 1 March 2017 Exadata PDF Technical network Oracle Roeser Mary Beth Adams Drew Ashdown Lance Baby Thomas Baer Hermann Baskan Yasin Bayliss Nigel Chen Shuo Belden Eric Oracle and Standard SQL Oracle Help Center Retrieved 9 June 2023 Welcome to Larryland The Guardian Archived from the original on 25 August 2016 Retrieved 19 December 2009 Julie Bort 29 September 2014 Larry Ellison Is A Billionaire Today Thanks to the CIA Business Insider Archived from the original on 16 January 2017 Retrieved 13 January 2017 Free Oracle Database for Everyone Oracle Retrieved 19 February 2024 Oracle Database 23c Free Developer Release Oracle Corporation Retrieved 3 April 2023 Oracle Database 23c on OCI Base Database Service Oracle Corporation Retrieved 19 September 2023 Oracle Database 21c Oracle Help Center Retrieved 9 December 2020 Hardie William 23 September 2021 Oracle Database 21c Now Available On Linux Oracle Database Insider Retrieved 17 December 2023 Giles Dominic 13 February 2019 Oracle Database 19c Now Available on Oracle Exadata Oracle Database Insider Retrieved 27 April 2021 Hardie William 25 April 2019 Oracle Database 19c Now Available on Linux Oracle Database Insider Archived from the original on 5 April 2024 Retrieved 27 April 2021 Oracle Database 18c Now available on the Oracle Cloud and Oracle Engineered Systems Oracle Database Insider 16 February 2018 Retrieved 28 April 2021 Zagar Adriana 23 July 2018 Oracle Database 18c Now Available For On Premises Oracle Community Archived from the original on 8 August 2020 Retrieved 16 January 2020 Oracle Announces General Availability of Oracle Database 12c the First Database Designed for the Cloud Oracle 1 July 2013 Archived from the original on 9 September 2013 Retrieved 9 September 2013 Oracle Database 11g Release 2 is Now Available Oracle 1 September 2009 Archived from the original on 5 April 2018 Retrieved 4 April 2018 Oracle Announces General Availability of Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Oracle 11 July 2005 Archived from the original on 5 April 2018 Retrieved 4 April 2018 Biggs Maggie 5 October 1998 Oracle8 on Linux shows promise InfoWorld Retrieved 7 September 2019 Nash Kim 3 October 1994 Oracle users ponder product overload Infoworld IDG Enterprise Retrieved 30 July 2020 O Brien Timothy 29 April 1991 Oracle8 on Linux shows promise InfoWorld Retrieved 7 September 2019 Mace Scott 30 January 1989 DOS Version of Professional Oracle 5 1B Adds SQL Report Writer InfoWorld Retrieved 7 September 2019 Webster Robin 13 November 1984 PC Relational Database New Answer is Oracle PC Magazine Retrieved 1 July 2019 Gralike Marco 4 April 2006 Back to the future Oracle 4 1 VM appliance amis nl Archived from the original on 1 July 2019 Retrieved 1 July 2019 Data Processing Digest Volumes 29 30 Data Processing Digest 1983 p 2 Departments of Informatics Oracle V2 Virtual Exhibitions in Informatics University of Klagenfurt Archived from the original on 30 September 2019 Retrieved 30 September 2019 Maheshwari Sharad 2007 Introduction to SQL and PL SQL Firewall Media p 12 ISBN 9788131800386 Baransel Emre 2013 Oracle Data Guard 11gR2 Administration Beginner s Guide Packt Publishing Ltd ISBN 9781849687911 Archived from the original on 23 November 2016 Retrieved 15 January 2014 You should not get confused between Critical Patch Update CPU and Security Patch Update SPU as CPU terminology has been changed to SPU from October 2012 Patch Delivery Methods for Oracle Database 12c Release 2 12 2 0 1 and Later Versions Docs oracle com Retrieved 16 March 2022 Heudecker Nick Feinberg Donald Adrian Merv 25 July 2017 State of the Operational DBMS Market 2017 Gartner Retrieved 15 December 2017 Magic Quadrant for Cloud Database Management Systems Gartner Retrieved 18 April 2022 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oracle Database nbsp Wikibooks has a book on the topic of Oracle database nbsp Wikiversity has learning resources about Oracle Database Overview provided by Oracle Corporation Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oracle Database amp oldid 1218608160, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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