Operation Danny (Hebrew: מבצע דני, Mivtza Dani) was an Israeli military offensive launched at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Jewish population and forces in Jerusalem. The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregulars[1]
It took place on July 9–19, 1948, being launched at the end of the first truce. On 10 July, Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to "make arrangements...for a phony war".[2]
The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin. The total force numbered around 6,000 soldiers.[3]
The operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel "Dani" Mass, who had fallen on January 16, 1948, while commanding a relief action known as "Convoy of 35".[citation needed]
Objectives
The first phase of Operation Dani was to capture the cities of Lydda and Ramle, located on the road to Jerusalem, southeast of Tel Aviv. Ramle was one of the main obstacles blocking Jewish transportation.[4] From the start of the war, Lydda and Ramle militiamen had attacked Jewish traffic on nearby roads.[5] Ramle became a focal point for blocking Jewish transportation, forcing traffic from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv to a southern bypass.[6]
Palmach (Yiftach brigade) soldiers with a (just destroyed by a PIAT) captured Jordanian army armored car, Operation Dani, al-Burj, 15 July 1948
On 9 July units from the Yiftach Brigade began approaching Ramle from the south. At the same time troops from the other brigades began attacking villages north of Lydda. Caught in a pincer movement and with only a token Arab Legion presence the two towns were captured the following day. This put Lydda airport and the strategic railway station at Ramle in Israeli hands. Two days after the capture of Lydda and Ramle only a few hundred of the 50,000 to 70,000 residents remained in the two towns.
The second phase of the operation failed after several costly attacks on Arab Legion positions at Latrun and the threat of a UN-imposed cease-fire.[7]
Casualties
The Palmach record the names of ninety-one of its members killed during this Operation. Forty-four were killed at Khirbet Kurikur on 18 July 1948. Seven were killed in the capture of Lydda.[8]
^Chaim Herzog, 'The Arab-Israeli Wars' ISBN0-85368-367-0 (1982). page 80: 'A blow against the Arab Legion was the essence of Operation 'Danny' planned as the main Israeli offensive to be mounted on the resumption of hostilities.'
^Morris, Benny (October 2008). 1948. Yale University Press. ISBN978-0300145243.
^Kimche, Jon; Kimche, David (1960). A Clash of Destinies. The Arab-Jewish War and the Founding of the State of Israel. Frederick A. Praeger. p. 225. LCCN 60-6996. OCLC 1348948. largest force yet assembled under one Israeli.
^Golan, Arnon. "Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67," Middle Eastern Studies, October 1, 2003
Media related to Operation Danny at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
operation, danny, hebrew, מבצע, דני, mivtza, dani, israeli, military, offensive, launched, first, truce, 1948, arab, israeli, objectives, were, capture, territory, east, aviv, then, push, inland, relieve, jewish, population, forces, jerusalem, main, forces, fi. Operation Danny Hebrew מבצע דני Mivtza Dani was an Israeli military offensive launched at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab Israeli War The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Jewish population and forces in Jerusalem The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregulars 1 Operation DaniPart of 1948 Arab Israeli WarThe strategically important airport at Lydda following its capture by the IDF in July 1948DateJuly 9 19 1948LocationEast of Tel AvivResultIDF succeed in capturing Ramle Lydda and surrounding villages Failed to capture LatrunBelligerents Israel IDF Transjordan Arab Legion Commanders and leadersYigal Alon Yitzhak RabinGlubb PashaStrength6 000Casualties and losses91 killed It took place on July 9 19 1948 being launched at the end of the first truce On 10 July Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to make arrangements for a phony war 2 The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin The total force numbered around 6 000 soldiers 3 Contents 1 Name 2 Objectives 2 1 Lydda and Ramle 2 2 Latrun 2 3 Casualties 3 Palestinian Arab communities captured 4 Units 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksNameThe operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel Dani Mass who had fallen on January 16 1948 while commanding a relief action known as Convoy of 35 citation needed ObjectivesThe first phase of Operation Dani was to capture the cities of Lydda and Ramle located on the road to Jerusalem southeast of Tel Aviv Ramle was one of the main obstacles blocking Jewish transportation 4 From the start of the war Lydda and Ramle militiamen had attacked Jewish traffic on nearby roads 5 Ramle became a focal point for blocking Jewish transportation forcing traffic from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv to a southern bypass 6 The second phase was to capture the fort at Latrun and break through Ramallah The operation was carried out under Palmach command using the Yiftach Brigade the Harel Brigade the 8th Armored Brigade and two battalions from the Kiryati and Alexandroni brigades Lydda and Ramle Main article 1948 Palestinian expulsion from Lydda and Ramle nbsp Palmach Yiftach brigade soldiers with a just destroyed by a PIAT captured Jordanian army armored car Operation Dani al Burj 15 July 1948 On 9 July units from the Yiftach Brigade began approaching Ramle from the south At the same time troops from the other brigades began attacking villages north of Lydda Caught in a pincer movement and with only a token Arab Legion presence the two towns were captured the following day This put Lydda airport and the strategic railway station at Ramle in Israeli hands Two days after the capture of Lydda and Ramle only a few hundred of the 50 000 to 70 000 residents remained in the two towns nbsp Lydda after conquest 1948 Latrun Main article Battles of Latrun 1948 nbsp Road from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem The second phase of the operation failed after several costly attacks on Arab Legion positions at Latrun and the threat of a UN imposed cease fire 7 Casualties The Palmach record the names of ninety one of its members killed during this Operation Forty four were killed at Khirbet Kurikur on 18 July 1948 Seven were killed in the capture of Lydda 8 Palestinian Arab communities capturedName Date Defending forces Brigade Population Dayr Tarif 9 July 1948 Arab Legion Armoured BrigadeKiryati Brigade 1 750 Al Tira 10 July 1948 n a Alexandroni Brigade8th Armoured Brigade 1 290 Daniyal 10 July 1948 n a Yiftach Brigade 410 Kharruba 10 July 1948 n a Yiftach Brigade 170 al Barriyya 9 10 July 1948 n a n a 510 Innaba 10 July 1948 200 villagers Yiftach Brigade8th Brigade 1 420 Jimzu 10 July 1948 n a Yiftach Brigade 1 150 Rantiya 10 July 1948 n a 8th Armoured Brigade3rd Battalion Alexandroni Brigade 590 Lydda 11 July 1948 n a 3rd Battalion Yiftah Brigade see Ramle Al Jura 11 July 1948 n a n a 420 Al Muzayri a 12 July 1948 n a n a 1 160 Ramle 12 July 1948 Arab Legion withdrew Kiryati Brigade 50 70 000 combined with Lyddaincluding 15 000 refugees from Jaffa Majdal Yaba 12 July 1948 Iraqi army 2nd Battalion Alexandroni Brigade 1 520 Al Haditha 12 July 1948 n a n a 760 Abu al Fadl 12 13 July 1948 n a n a 510 Suba Jerusalem 12 13 July 1948 bloodless Har el Brigade 620 Khirbat al Lawz 13 14 July 1948 n a Har el Brigade 450 Sar a 13 14 July 1948 Egyptian forces 4th Battalion Har el Brigade 340 Sataf 13 14 July 1948 n a Har el Brigade 540 al Maliha 14 16 July 1948 Egyptian irregularsPalestinian militia IrgunPalmach Youth 1 940 al Burj 15 July 1948 Arab Legion n a 480 Kh al Buwayra mid July 1948 n a n a 190 Salbit 15 16 July 1948 Arab Legion 2nd Battalion Kiryati Brigade 510 Bayt Nabala 15 16 July 1948 Arab Legion150 200 men n a 2 310 Bir Ma in 15 16 July 1948 Arab Legion Yiftach Brigade1st amp 2nd Battalions 510 Barfiliya 15 16 July 1948 n a Givati and Kiryati Brigades8th Armoured 730 Kasla 16 July 1948 n a Har el Brigade 280 Dayr Amr Boys Farm 16 July 1948 none 4th Battalion Har el Brigade 10 Ishwa 16 July 1948 n a 4th Battalion Har el Brigade 620 Artuf 17 18 July 1948 Palestinian militia under Egyptian command 4th Battalion Har el Brigade 350 Islin 18 July 1948 n a n a 260 Shilta 18 July 1948 Arab Legion 1st Battalion Yiftach Brigadelost 44 men withdrawing 100 Sources Walid Khalidi All That Remains ISBN 0 88728 224 5 Benny Morris The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem 1947 1949 ISBN 0 521 33028 9UnitsOverall Commander Yigal Allon 8th Armored Brigade Commander Yitzhak Sadeh 9 Alexandroni Brigade Kiryati Brigade two battalions Yiftach Brigade Commander Mula Cohen 10 Gallery nbsp Yitzhak Sadeh left and Yigal Allon 1948 nbsp 8th Armoured Brigade capture Lydda Airport 1948 nbsp Yiftach Brigade before the attack on Lydda and Ramle 1948See alsoOperation Ha Har List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war Depopulated Palestinian locations in IsraelReferences Chaim Herzog The Arab Israeli Wars ISBN 0 85368 367 0 1982 page 80 A blow against the Arab Legion was the essence of Operation Danny planned as the main Israeli offensive to be mounted on the resumption of hostilities Morris Benny October 2008 1948 Yale University Press ISBN 978 0300145243 Kimche Jon Kimche David 1960 A Clash of Destinies The Arab Jewish War and the Founding of the State of Israel Frederick A Praeger p 225 LCCN 60 6996 OCLC 1348948 largest force yet assembled under one Israeli Golan Arnon Lydda and Ramle from Palestinian Arab to Israeli towns 1948 67 Middle Eastern Studies October 1 2003 Morris 2004 p 424 Lydda and Ramle from Palestinian Arab to Israeli towns 1948 67 by Golan Arnon Herzog page 82 פלמ ח Archived from the original on 2012 06 01 Retrieved 2010 11 23 Herzog page 80 Moshe Dayan My Life ISBN 0 688 03076 9 1976 Page 103 External links nbsp Media related to Operation Danny at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Operation Danny amp oldid 1216059710, wikipedia, 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