One Ton Cup
The One Ton Cup is a trophy presented to the winner of a sailing competition created in 1899 by the Cercle de la voile de Paris (CVP).[1]
Synopsis edit
The One Ton Cup regattas were at the beginning of races between one-tonner sailing dinghies, according to the 1899 Godinet rule. This Coupe internationale du Cercle de la voile de Paris, its original name, was raced from 1907 until 1962 on boats that measured the International gaff-rigged 6 Metre rule, except for four years, from 1920 to 1923, where it was raced on 6.5m SI. In 1965, after three years vacant, the One Ton Cup was transformed into a scope suitable for ocean racing on the initiative of Jean Peytel, member of the CVP, following the activity slowdown of the 6m JI class. The One Ton Cup was then raced according to the RORC rule on 22 feet boats, and on IOR rule on 27.5 feet boats from 1971, followed by IOR rule 30.5 feet in 1984.[1] In 1999, the One Ton Cup was allotted to the Corel 45 class world championship, renamed IC 45, a one-design boat designed by Bruce Farr. In 2016 the Cup was allocated to the FAST40+ Class for a regatta to be sailed in the Solent from September 16 to 18.
History edit
Mr Mantois, vice-president of the Cercle de la voile de Paris, announced the creation of the International One Ton Cup on 11 October 1898. It had to be raced on the Seine River at Meulan, home of the CVP or in Cowes if owned by a foreigner. The yachts had to have a tonnage certificate of one ton at the most according to the Godinet rule of 1892.
The silver cup edit
The cup was designed in 1897 by the jeweller Robert Linzeler and was made by Bratiau in 1898. It is made of planished solid silver and weighs 10 kilos. The lot is 58 centimetres wide (81 with the handles) and 57 centimetres high. Placed on an ebony plinth, it is considered as a masterpiece of Art nouveau style.
The first Godinet rule One Ton Cups edit
These one-tonners are dinghies measuring up to 7 metres, capable of planing in certain conditions and built with a scantling as light as possible, the balance being ensured by the crew. These yachts were also present at the 1900 Olympic Games, in the 0.5 to 1 tonner class.
The first Cup took place from 2 May 1899 in Meulan. The English competitor Vectis was beaten by the French yacht Bélouga steered by Eugène Laverne during the three timed rounds. Bélouga had the advantage of knowing the river and had been capped among nine French one-tonners specifically built for this event. In 1900, Scotia 1, designed by Linton Hope faced Sidi-Fekkar steered and designed by Eugène Laverne. Sidi-Fekkar won the Cup at the end of the decisive fifth round. But Scotia won the gold medal at the Olympics.
Scotia 2 from the Sea View Yacht-Club won the Cup in England in 1901. One of the reasons of the French failure was the switch in 1901 from the 1892 rule to the Méran formula; the one-tonner Sidi-Fekkar weighed close to two tons according to this 1901 rule and had to be changed3. Sequana, the defender yacht chosen by the CVP in 1901, steered by Eugène Laverne was beaten, as well as the Italian yacht Dai-Dai. In 1902, Scotia III won in three rounds against August steered by Valton, member of the CVP, still for the SVYC. France won the Cup back in 1903 with Chocolat, Auguste Godinet’s plan, at the origin of the 1892 rule. Valton, Méran and Arthus won against the defender Iris. In 1906, after two years without challenge, the last Cup played on a French rule one-tonner was won by Feu Follet with Louis Potheau of the CVP in front of N.R.V. from Hamburg.
The era of international 6 Metre edit
From 1907 the CVP decided to have this One Ton Cup contested in international 6-metre yachts, a brand-new rule ratified by the representatives of the European Nautical Authorities during the London congress in 1906. They were not 6 to 7-metre dinghies anymore but keelboats of about eleven metres hull length that confronted each other during regattas that continued to bear the name of one-tonners cup or One Ton Cup. Onkel Adolf for Germany won the first Cup on 6 Metre in 1907.
In 1913, the 6 Metre Cremona of the Royal Thames Yacht Club won the last Cup before the First World War. After an interlude of four Cups contested in 6.5m SI, the CVP decided in 1923 to come back to international 6 Metre, at the British challengers’ request5.
The era of 6.50mSI edit
From 1920 to 1923 four cups were contested in 6.5m SI at the CVP’s request. The 6.50m of the French rule known as « Chemin de fer » rule, adopted in Continental Europe since the yachts could be carried on standard flat wagons, favoured the number of challengers. The English defender 6.50m Cordella won the Cup four times. It was a plan by Morgan Giles that was opposed among others to Oranje, gold medal for the Netherlands in 6.50m at the 1920 Olympics.
The era of the ocean race and One-tonner edit
The 6 Metre series, back in 1924, was in decline after 1945. At the beginning of the 1960s, Jean Peytel, member of the Cercle de la voile de Paris suggested to revive the CVP International Cup in RORC rule 22 feet maximum yacht. The boats were baptized as the One Ton class. Yachting World magazine documented the excitement this caused amongst sailors: "Seldom can a trophy have created so much interest before a single race has been sailed" in January 1965, and in September of that year the magazine wrote that "Handicaps are out and the popularity of the series has exceeded all expectations, even in this its first year."[1]
The first One Ton Cup in racing-cruising yachts was raced off Le Havre in 1965 by fourteen yachts. The winner was the Danish yacht Diana III. The real-time racing formula, including a race on the open sea and two coastal regattas, was so successful that yachts were specifically designed for that event. They were named the One-tonners although this designation did not correspond any longer to any rule of that period.[1]
In 1971 the IOR rule (International Offshore Rule), result of the merger between the RORC rule and the CCA (Cruising Club of America) American rule, came into force for the races on the open sea9,6. The One-Tonners switched to IOR 27.5 feet.[1] Syd Fischer skipper of Stormy Petrel won the 1971 One Ton Cup in New Zealand (the first race under the IOR rules), being the only Australian yacht and last Sparkman & Stephens design to win the cup.
In November 1983 the ORC (Offshore Racing Council, renamed Offshore Racing Congress in 2005) decided to bring the IOR rule of the One-Tonners up to 30.5, the smallest size for yachts accepted for the Admiral's Cup. The first One Ton Cup with that rule was contested by 24 yachts in 1984.[1] Philippe Briand, architect and skipper of Passion 2 won in La Rochelle11, France.
In 1999 the world championship of the Corel 45 series (IC 45, Farr 45) was attributed to the One Ton Cup. The first Cup was won by Bertrand Pacé.
Winners edit
| Edition | Yacht | Class | Skipper | Designer |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1899 Meulan | Bélouga (FRA) | 1-tonner Godinet Rule | Eugène Laverne | Alphonse Tellier |
| 1900 Meulan | Sidi-Fekkar (FRA) | 1-tonner Godinet Rule | Eugène Laverne | Eugène Laverne |
| 1901 Meulan | Scotia 2 (GBR) | 1-tonner Méran Rule | Sea View YC | Linton Hope |
| 1902 Cowes | Scotia III (GBR) | 1-tonner Méran Rule | Sea View YC | Linton Hope |
| 1903 Cowes | Chocolat (FRA) | 1-tonner Méran Rule | Valton | Auguste Godinet |
| 1906 Meulan | Feu Follet (FRA) | 1-tonner Méran Rule | Louis Potheau | Pierre Arbaut |
| 1907 Meulan | Onkel Adolf (GER) | 6 Metre | Fritz Kirsten | Wilhelm von Hacht |
| 1908 Kiel | Windspiel XI (GER) | 6 Metre | Fritz Kirsten | Wilhelm von Hacht |
| 1909 Kiel | Windspiel XI (GER) | 6 Metre | Fritz Kirsten | Wilhelm von Hacht |
| 1910 Kiel | Agnes II (SWE) | 6 Metre | C.O. Liljegren | |
| 1911 Gothenburg | Windspiel XIV (GER) | 6 Metre | Fritz Kirsten | Wilhelm von Hacht |
| 1912 Kiel | Bunty (GBR) | 6 Metre | E.G. Martin | G.U. Laws |
| 1913 Cowes | Cremona (GBR) | 6 Metre | RTYC | Morgan Giles |
| 1920 Cowes | Cordella (GBR) | 6.5m SI | Morgan Giles | |
| 1921 Ryde | Cordella (GBR) | 6.5m SI | Morgan Giles | |
| 1922 Ryde | Cordella (GBR) | 6.5m SI | Morgan Giles | Morgan Giles |
| 1923 Ryde | Cordella (GBR) | 6.5m SI | Morgan Giles | |
| 1924 Ryde | Holland's Hope (NLD) | 6 Metre | G. de Vries | |
| 1925 Zuyderzee | Princes Juliana (NLD) | 6 Metre | G. de Vries | |
| 1926 Zuyderzee | Zenith (GBR) | 6 Metre | J. Lauriston | William Fife |
| 1927 Ryde | Petite Aile II (FRA) | 6 Metre | Virginie Hériot | Pierre Arbaut |
| 1928 Meulan | Yara III (FRA) | 6 Metre | M. Conill | Joseph Guédon |
| 1929 Deauville | Bissbi II (SWE) | 6 Metre | S. Salen | Tore Holm |
| 1930 Sandhamn | Bissbi II (SWE) | 6 Metre | S. Salen | Tore Holm |
| 1931 Sandhamn | Bissbi IV (SWE) | 6 Metre | Tore Holm | Tore Holm |
| 1932 Sandhamn | Abu (NOR) | 6 Metre | Magnus Konow | Johan Anker |
| 1933 Hanko | Varg V (NOR) | 6 Metre | Magnus Konow | Bjarne Aas |
| 1934 Hanko | White Lady (NOR) | 6 Metre | Magnus Konow | Bjarne Aas |
| 1935 Hanko | Ian III (SWE) | 6 Metre | B. Gedda | Tore Holm |
| 1936 Gothenburg | Tidsfördrif (SWE) | 6 Metre | Tore Holm | Tore Holm |
| 1937 Marstrand | Tidsfördrif II (SWE) | 6 Metre | A. Schulz | Tore Holm |
| 1938 Gothenburg | Norna VI (N65) (NOR) | 6 Metre | Olav V de Norvège ? | Johan Anker |
| 1939 Hanko | Noreg III (NOR) | 6 Metre | Rolf Svinndal | Johan Anker |
| 1946 Hanko | May Be VI (SWE) | 6 Metre | S. Salen | Tore Holm |
| 1947 Sandhamn | May Be VI (SWE) | 6 Metre | Claës-Henrik Nordenskiöld | Tore Holm |
| 1948 Marstrand | May Be VI (SWE) | 6 Metre | S. Salen | Tore Holm |
| 1949 Sandhamn | Trickson VI (SWE) | 6 Metre | A. Laurin | A. Laurin |
| 1950 Sandhamn | May Be VI (SWE) | 6 Metre | S. Salen | Tore Holm |
| 1951 | Llanoria VI (USA) | 6 Metre | Eric Ridder, Herman Whiton | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1953 Newport | Ylliam VIII (SWE) | 6 Metre | Louis Noverraz | B. Aas |
| 1954 Genève | Ylliam IX (CHE) | 6 Metre | Louis Noverraz | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1955 Stockholm | Ylliam IX (CHE) | 6 Metre | Louis Noverraz | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1956 Cannes | Ylliam IX (CHE) | 6 Metre | Louis Noverraz | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1957 Hanko | Llanoria (NOR) | 6 Metre | Magnus Konow | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1958 Le Havre | Royal Thames (GBR) | 6 Metre | R.S.G. Perry | David Boyd |
| 1959 Poole | May Be VIII (SWE) | 6 Metre | Claës-Henrik Nordenskiöld | Tore Holm |
| 1960 Gothenburg | Elghi III (FRA) | 6 Metre | Robert Meunier du Houssoy | Tore Holm |
| 1961 Cannes | Elghi III (FRA) | 6 Metre | robert Meunier du Houssoy | Tore Holm |
| 1962 Palma (Majorca) | Elghi III' (FRA) | 6 Metre | Robert Meunier du Houssoy | Tore Holm |
| 1965 Le Havre | Diana III (DEN) | 22 ft. RORC Rating | Hans Albrecht | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1966 Copenhagen | Tina (USA) | 22 ft. RORC Rating | Dick Carter | Dick Carter |
| 1967 Le Havre | Optimist (FRG) | 22 ft. RORC Rating | Hans Beilken | Dick Carter |
| 1968 Heligoland | Optimist (FRG) | 22 ft. RORC Rating | Hans Beilken | Dick Carter |
| 1969 Heligoland | Rainbow II (NZL) | 22 ft. RORC Rating | Chris Bouzaid | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1971 Auckland | Stormy Petrel (AUS) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Syd Fischer | Sparkman & Stephens |
| 1972 Sydney | Wai Aniwa (NZL) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Chris Bouzaid | Dick Carter |
| 1973 Porto Cervo | Ydra (ITA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Agostino Straulino | Dick Carter |
| 1974 Torquay | Gumboots (GBR) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Jeremy Rogers | Doug Peterson |
| 1975 Newport | Pied Piper (USA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Jennings | Doug Peterson |
| 1976 Marseille | Resolute Salmon (USA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Carlo Scognamiglio Pasini | Britton Chance Jr. |
| 1977 Auckland | Red Lion (NZL) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Stuart Brentnall | Bruce Farr |
| 1978 Flensburg | Tilsalg (FRG) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Klaus Lange | Ron Holland |
| 1979 Newport | Pendragon (USA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | John MacLaurin | Laurie Davidson |
| 1980 Naples | Filo da Torcere (ITA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Enrico Isenburg, Stefano Roberti | Studio Andrea Vallicelli & C. |
| 1981 Crosshaven | Justine III (IRL) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Harold Cudmore | Tony Castro |
| 1982 Brighton | cancelled | |||
| 1983 Rio de Janeiro | Linda (ITA) | 27,5 ft. IOR Rating | Mauro Pelaschier | Sciomachen |
| 1984 La Trinité-sur-Mer | Passion (FRA) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Philippe Briand | Philippe Briand |
| 1985 Poole | Jade (GBR) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Rodney Pattisson | Rob Humphreys |
| 1986 Palma de Majorca | Andelsbanken (DEN) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Henrik Søderlund | Niels Jeppesen |
| 1987 Kiel | Fram X (NOR) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | King Harald V of Norway | Bruce Farr |
| 1988 San Francisco | Propaganda (NZL) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Richard Dodson | Bruce Farr |
| 1989 Naples | Brava (ITA) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Francesco de Angelis, Paul Cayard | Bruce Farr |
| 1990 Marstrand | Okyalos (GRE) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Yiannis Kostopoulos/George Ertsos | Niels Jeppesen |
| 1991 Nieuwpoort | Vibes (USA) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | David H. Clarke | Bruce Farr |
| 1992 Skovshoved | Brava Q8 (ITA) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Francesco de Angelis | Bruce Farr |
| 1993 Cagliari | Pinta (GER) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Willi Illbruck, Russell Coutts | Judel-Vrolijk |
| 1994 Marseille | Pinta (GER) | 30,5 ft. IOR Rating | Willi Illbruck, John Kostecki | Judel-Vrolijk |
| 1999 Puerto Portals | K Yote (FRA) | IC 45 | Ortwin Kandler, Bertrand Pacé | Bruce Farr |
| 2000 Marseille | Cavale Bleu (FRA) | IC 45 | Michel Duquenne, Thierry Peponnet | Bruce Farr |
| 2001 Pwhelli | Atalanti (GRE) | IC 45 | Georges Andreadis | Bruce Farr |
| 2002 Saint-Tropez | Faster K-Yote (FRA) | IC 45 | Dawn Riley, Alain Fedensieu | Bruce Farr |
| 2016 Cowes | Girls on Film (GBR) | Fast 40+ | Peter Morton | Shawn Carkeek |
| 2017 Cowes | Girls on Film (GBR) | Fast 40+ | Peter Morton | Shawn Carkeek |
| 2018 Cowes | Rán (SWE) | Fast 40+ | Niklas Zennstrom | Shawn Carkeek |