Omne datum optimum (latin for "Every perfect gift", a quotation from the Epistle of James 1:17) was a papal bull issued by Pope Innocent II on 29 March 1139 that endorsed the Order of the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Knights Templar), in which the Templar Rule was officially approved, and papal protection given.[1][2]
By the end of the 1130s the Templars had prospered as a complete military order with a stratified structure, due to the efforts of Grand Master Robert de Craon.[3] Already facing ecclesiastical criticism of receiving tithes and alms, Robert de Craon realized the Order could only flourish with papal support.[3] It was during one of Robert's visits to France and Italy, that Innocent II issued the bull Omne datum optimum on 29 March 1139.[4]
Contents
The contents of Omne datum optimum:
promised all spoils from Muslim conquest to the Order[5]
allowed the Order to build churches, cemeteries, and houses[a][7]
forbid the election of an outsider as Master of the Order[1]
no homage or tithes were to be extracted from the Order[1]
Included in the contents of the bull was the creation of a group of chaplain brothers for the Order.[3] They were capable of hearing confessions and giving absolution, to all members of the Orders.[3] The Omne datum optimum gave the Order the papal sanction it needed to operate independently of ecclesiastical and secular authorities.[3]
Barber, Malcolm (1978). The Trial of the Templars. Cambridge University Press.
Barber, Malcolm (1994). The New Knighthood. Cambridge University Press.
Barber, Malcolm; Bate, A. K. (2002). The Templars: selected sources. Manchester University Press. pp. 59–. ISBN978-0-7190-5110-4. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
Jones, Dan (2017). The Templars: The Rise and Spectacular Fall of God's Holy Warriors. Penguin Books.
Nicholson, Helen J.; Burgtorf, Jochen, eds. (2020). The Templars, the Hospitallers and the Crusades: Essays in Homage to Alan J Forey. Routledge.
Rayborn, Tim (2013). The Violent Pilgrimage: Christians, Muslims and Holy Conflicts, 850-1150. McFarland, Inc.
Selwood, Dominic (2001). Knights of the Cloister: Templars and Hospitallers in Central-southern Occitania, C.1100-c.1300. The Boydell Press.
Upton-Ward, Judith Mary, ed. (1997). "Introduction". The Rule of the Templars: The French Text of the Rule of the Order of the Knights Templar. The Boydell Press.
April 19, 2023
omne, datum, optimum, latin, every, perfect, gift, quotation, from, epistle, james, papal, bull, issued, pope, innocent, march, 1139, that, endorsed, order, poor, knights, christ, temple, solomon, knights, templar, which, templar, rule, officially, approved, p. Omne datum optimum latin for Every perfect gift a quotation from the Epistle of James 1 17 was a papal bull issued by Pope Innocent II on 29 March 1139 that endorsed the Order of the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon Knights Templar in which the Templar Rule was officially approved and papal protection given 1 2 Contents 1 Background 2 Contents 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 SourcesBackground EditBy the end of the 1130s the Templars had prospered as a complete military order with a stratified structure due to the efforts of Grand Master Robert de Craon 3 Already facing ecclesiastical criticism of receiving tithes and alms Robert de Craon realized the Order could only flourish with papal support 3 It was during one of Robert s visits to France and Italy that Innocent II issued the bull Omne datum optimum on 29 March 1139 4 Contents EditThe contents of Omne datum optimum promised all spoils from Muslim conquest to the Order 5 allowed the Order to build churches cemeteries and houses a 7 permitted a chaplain in every house b 1 leaders of the Order could expel unworthy members 1 allowed chapels for members and burials 1 forbid the election of an outsider as Master of the Order 1 no homage or tithes were to be extracted from the Order 1 Included in the contents of the bull was the creation of a group of chaplain brothers for the Order 3 They were capable of hearing confessions and giving absolution to all members of the Orders 3 The Omne datum optimum gave the Order the papal sanction it needed to operate independently of ecclesiastical and secular authorities 3 Aftermath EditOmne datum optimum was followed by Pope Celestine II s Milites Templi in 1144 and Pope Eugene III s Militia Dei in 1145 which together gave the Templars an extraordinary range of rights and privileges 9 10 See also EditPie postulatio voluntatis a similar bull that gave papal protection to the Knights HospitallerNotes Edit Selwood states that clergy parishes and monastic houses prevented the Order from building cemeteries which caused them financial loss 6 Templar church and houses were served by the Order s own priests 8 References Edit a b c d e f Barber 1978 p 8 Barber amp Bate 2002 p 59 a b c d e Upton Ward 1997 p 5 Jones 2017 p 56 Barber 1994 p 56 57 Selwood 2001 p 91 Selwood 2001 p 90 Barber 1994 p 195 197 Rayborn 2013 p 43 Barber amp Bate 2002 p 8 Sources EditBarber Malcolm 1978 The Trial of the Templars Cambridge University Press Barber Malcolm 1994 The New Knighthood Cambridge University Press Barber Malcolm Bate A K 2002 The Templars selected sources Manchester University Press pp 59 ISBN 978 0 7190 5110 4 Retrieved 5 May 2011 Jones Dan 2017 The Templars The Rise and Spectacular Fall of God s Holy Warriors Penguin Books Nicholson Helen J Burgtorf Jochen eds 2020 The Templars the Hospitallers and the Crusades Essays in Homage to Alan J Forey Routledge Rayborn Tim 2013 The Violent Pilgrimage Christians Muslims and Holy Conflicts 850 1150 McFarland Inc Selwood Dominic 2001 Knights of the Cloister Templars and Hospitallers in Central southern Occitania C 1100 c 1300 The Boydell Press Upton Ward Judith Mary ed 1997 Introduction The Rule of the Templars The French Text of the Rule of the Order of the Knights Templar The Boydell Press Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Omne datum optimum amp oldid 1097997582, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
