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DAMA/NaI

March 21, 2023

This article is about an experiment. For other uses, see Dama (disambiguation).

The DAMA/NaI experiment[1][2] investigated the presence of dark matter particles in the galactic halo by exploiting the model-independent annual modulation signature. Based on the Earth's orbit around the Sun and the solar system's speed with respect to the center of the galaxy (which on short time scales can be considered constant), the Earth should be exposed to a higher flux of dark matter particles around June 1,[3] when its orbital speed is added to the one of the solar system with respect to the galaxy and to a smaller one around December 2, when the two velocities are subtracted. The annual modulation signature is distinctive since the effect induced by dark matter particles must simultaneously satisfy many requirements.

Description

The experimental set-up was located deep underground in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy.

The experimental set-up was made by nine 9.70 kg low-radioactivity scintillating thallium-doped sodium iodide crystals [NaI(Tl)]. Each crystal was faced by two low-background photomultipliers through 10 cm light guides. The detectors were installed inside a sealed copper box flushed with highly pure nitrogen in order to insulate the detectors from air that contains trace amounts of radon, a radioactive gas. To reduce the natural environmental background the copper box is enclosed inside a multicomponent multi-ton passive shield made of copper, lead, polyethylene/paraffin, cadmium foil. A plexiglas box encloses the whole shield and is also kept in a highly pure nitrogen atmosphere. A concrete neutron moderator 1 m thick largely surrounds the set-up.

Results

The DAMA/NaI set-up observed the annual modulation signature over 7 annual cycles (1995–2002). The presence of a model independent positive evidence in the data of DAMA/NaI was first reported by the DAMA collaboration in fall 1997 and published beginning of 1998.[4] The final paper with the full results was published in 2003 after the end of experiment in July 2002.[1] Various corollary investigations are continuing and have also been published.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]

The model-independent evidence is compatible with a wide set of scenarios regarding the nature of the dark matter candidate and related astrophysical, nuclear and particle physics,[15] for example: neutralinos,[16][17][18] inelastic dark matter,[19] self-interacting dark matter,[20] and heavy 4th generation neutrinos.[21][22]

A careful quantitative investigation of possible sources of systematic and side reactions has been regularly carried out and published at the time of each data release.[23] No systematic effect or side reaction able to account for the observed modulation amplitude and to simultaneously satisfy all the requirements of the signature has been found.

The experiment has also obtained and published many results on other processes and approaches.

Skepticism

Negative results from the XENON Dark Matter Search Experiment seem to contradict DAMA/Nal's results.[24]

The COSINE-100 collaboration has been working in Korea towards confirming or refuting the DAMA-signal. They are using a similar experimental setup to DAMA (NaI(Tl)-crystals). They published their results in December 2018 in the journal Nature; their conclusion was that their "result rules out WIMP–nucleon interactions as the cause of the annual modulation observed by the DAMA collaboration".[25]

A possible explanation of the reported modulation was pointed out as originating from the data analysis procedure. A yearly subtraction of the constant component can give rise to a sawtooth residual in the presence of a slower time dependence.[26] New support for this hypothesis came in August 2022 when COSINE-100 applied an analysis method similar to one used by DAMA/LIBRA and found a similar annual modulation suggesting the signal could be just an statistical artifact.[27][28]

In May 2021, the ANAIS dark matter direct detection experiment,[29] after acquiring data for 3 years at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain, has not seen evidence for annual modulation in 112.5 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals and is thus incompatible with DAMA/NaI and DAMA/LIBRA[30] and in November new results from COSINE-100 experiment after 1.7 years of data collection also failed to replicate the signal of DAMA.[31][32]

Follow-up

DAMA/NaI has been replaced by the new generation experiment, DAMA/LIBRA. These experiments are carried out by Italian and Chinese researchers.

References

  1. ^ a b Bernabei, R.; et al. (2003). "Dark Matter search". Rivista del Nuovo Cimento. 26 (1): 1–73. arXiv:astro-ph/0307403. Bibcode:2003NCimR..26a...1B. doi:10.1007/BF03548916.
  2. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (1999). "Performances of the about 100 kg NaI(Tl) set-up of the DAMA experiment at Gran Sasso". Il Nuovo Cimento A. 112 (6): 545–575. Bibcode:1999NCimA.112..545B. doi:10.1007/BF03035868. S2CID 119819887.
  3. ^ Savage, C.; et al. (2009). "Compatibility of DAMA/LIBRA dark matter detection with other searches". Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2009 (4): 010. arXiv:0808.3607. Bibcode:2009JCAP...04..010S. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2009/04/010. S2CID 119211397.
  4. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (1998). "Searching for WIMPs by the annual modulation signature". Physics Letters B. 424 (1–2): 195–201. Bibcode:1998PhLB..424..195B. doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(98)00172-5.
  5. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2001). "Investigating the DAMA annual modulation data in a mixed coupling framework". Physics Letters B. 509 (3–4): 197–203. Bibcode:2001PhLB..509..197B. doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00493-2.
  6. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2002). "Investigating the DAMA annual modulation data in the framework of inelastic dark matter". European Physical Journal C. 23 (1): 61–64. Bibcode:2002EPJC...23...61B. doi:10.1007/s100520100854. S2CID 121818290.
  7. ^ Belli, P.; et al. (2002). "Effect of the galactic halo modeling on the DAMA-NaI annual modulation result: An extended analysis of the data for weakly interacting massive particles with a purely spin-independent coupling". Physical Review D. 66 (4): 043503. arXiv:hep-ph/0203242. Bibcode:2002PhRvD..66d3503B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.66.043503. S2CID 117940903.
  8. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2004). "Dark matter particles in the galactic halo: Results and implications from DAMA/NaI". International Journal of Modern Physics D. 13 (10): 2127–2159. arXiv:astro-ph/0501412. Bibcode:2004IJMPD..13.2127B. doi:10.1142/S0218271804006619. S2CID 14877183.
  9. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2006). "Investigating pseudoscalar and scalar dark matter". International Journal of Modern Physics A. 21 (7): 1445–1469. arXiv:astro-ph/0511262. Bibcode:2006IJMPA..21.1445B. doi:10.1142/S0217751X06030874. S2CID 2644347.
  10. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2006). "Investigating halo substructures with annual modulation signature". European Physical Journal C. 47 (1): 263–271. arXiv:astro-ph/0604303. Bibcode:2006EPJC...47..263B. doi:10.1140/epjc/s2006-02559-9. S2CID 15598618.
  11. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2007). "On electromagnetic contributions in WIMP quests". International Journal of Modern Physics A. 22 (19): 3155–3168. arXiv:0706.1421. Bibcode:2007IJMPA..22.3155B. doi:10.1142/S0217751X07037093. S2CID 2157347.
  12. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2008). "Investigating electron interacting dark matter". Physical Review D. 77 (2): 3155–3168. arXiv:0706.1421. Bibcode:2008PhRvD..77b3506B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.77.023506. S2CID 17766827.
  13. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2008). "Possible implications of the channeling effect in NaI(Tl) crystals". European Physical Journal C. 53 (2): 205–213. arXiv:0710.0288. Bibcode:2008EPJC...53..205B. doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-007-0479-0. S2CID 16162566.
  14. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2008). "Investigation on light dark matter". Modern Physics Letters A. 23 (26): 2125–2140. arXiv:0802.4336. Bibcode:2008MPLA...23.2125B. doi:10.1142/S0217732308027473. S2CID 7994047.
  15. ^ Foot, R. (2004). "Reconciling the positive DAMA annual modulation signal with the negative results of the CDMS II experiment". Modern Physics Letters A. 19 (24): 1841–1846. arXiv:astro-ph/0405362. Bibcode:2004MPLA...19.1841F. doi:10.1142/S0217732304015051. S2CID 18243354.
  16. ^ Bottino, A.; et al. (2003). "Light Relic Neutralinos". Physical Review D. 67 (6): 063519. arXiv:hep-ph/0212379. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..67f3519B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.67.063519. S2CID 118933325.
  17. ^ Bottino, A.; et al. (2003). "Lower bound on the neutralino mass from new data on CMB and implications for relic neutralinos". Physical Review D. 68 (4): 043506. arXiv:hep-ph/0304080. Bibcode:2003PhRvD..68d3506B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.68.043506. S2CID 119105240.
  18. ^ Bottino, A.; et al. (2004). "Light neutralinos and WIMP direct searches". Physical Review D. 69 (3): 037302. arXiv:hep-ph/0307303. Bibcode:2004PhRvD..69c7302B. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.69.037302. S2CID 119515047.
  19. ^ Smith, D.T.; Weiner, N. (2005). "The Status of Inelastic Dark Matter". Physical Review D. 72 (6): 063509. arXiv:hep-ph/0402065. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..72f3509T. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.72.063509. S2CID 115846489.
  20. ^ Mitra, S. (2005). "Has Dama Detected Self-Interacting Dark Matter?". Physical Review D. 71 (12): 121302. arXiv:astro-ph/0409121. Bibcode:2005PhRvD..71l1302M. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.71.121302. S2CID 31554326.
  21. ^ Belotsky, K.M.; Damour, T.; Khlopov, M. Yu. (2002). "Implications of a solar-system population of massive 4th generation neutrinos for underground searches of monochromatic neutrino-annihilation signals". Physics Letters B. 529 (1–2): 10–18. arXiv:astro-ph/0201314. Bibcode:2002PhLB..529...10B. doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01234-0. S2CID 119506404.
  22. ^ Belotsky, K.; Fargion, D.; Khlopov, M.; Konoplich, R.V. (2008). "May Heavy neutrinos solve underground and cosmic ray puzzles?". Physics of Atomic Nuclei. 71 (1): 147–161. arXiv:hep-ph/0411093. Bibcode:2008PAN....71..147B. doi:10.1007/s11450-008-1016-9. S2CID 14895847.
  23. ^ Bernabei, R.; et al. (2000). "On the investigation of possible systematics in WIMP annual modulation search". European Physical Journal C. 18 (2): 283–292. Bibcode:2000EPJC...18..283B. doi:10.1007/s100520000540. S2CID 121391203.
  24. ^ Matson, John (6 May 2011). "WIMP Wars: Astronomers and physicists remain skeptical of long-standing dark matter claim". Scientific American. Retrieved 12 April 2011.
  25. ^ COSINE-100 Collaboration; Adhikari, Govinda; Adhikari, Pushparaj; Barbosa De Souza, Estella; Carlin, Nelson; Choi, Seonho; Djamal, Mitra; Ezeribe, Anthony C.; Ha, Chang Hyon; Hahn, Insik; Hubbard, Antonia J. F.; Jeon, Eunju; Jo, Jay Hyun; Joo, Hanwool; Kang, Woon Gu; Kang, Woosik; Kauer, Matthew; Kim, Bonghee; Kim, Hongjoo; Kim, Hyounggyu; Kim, Kyungwon; Kim, Nam Young; Kim, Sun Kee; Kim, Yeongduk; Kim, Yong-Hamb; Ko, Young Ju; Kudryavtsev, Vitaly Y.; Lee, Hyun Su; Lee, Jaison; et al. (2018). "An experiment to search for dark-matter interactions using sodium iodide detectors". Nature. 564 (7734): 83–86. arXiv:1906.01791. Bibcode:2018Natur.564...83C. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0739-1. PMID 30518890. S2CID 54459495.
  26. ^ D. Buttazzo; et al. (2020). "Annual modulations from secular variations: relaxing DAMA?". Journal of High Energy Physics. 2020 (4): 137. arXiv:2002.00459. Bibcode:2020JHEP...04..137B. doi:10.1007/JHEP04(2020)137. S2CID 211010848.
  27. ^ Adhikari, G.; Carlin, N.; Choi, J. J.; Choi, S.; Ezeribe, A. C.; Franca, L. E.; Ha, C.; Hahn, I. S.; Hollick, S. J.; Jeon, E. J.; Jo, J. H.; Joo, H. W.; Kang, W. G.; Kauer, M.; Kim, B. H. (2022-08-10). "An induced annual modulation signature in COSINE-100 data by DAMA/LIBRA's analysis method". arXiv:2208.05158 [hep-ex].
  28. ^ Castelvecchi, Davide (2022-08-16). "Notorious dark-matter signal could be due to analysis error". Nature. doi:10.1038/d41586-022-02222-9. PMID 35974221. S2CID 251624302.
  29. ^ "ANAIS Experiment | Universidad de Zaragoza".
  30. ^ Amare, J.; et al. (2021). "Annual modulation results from three-year exposure of ANAIS-112". Physical Review D. 103 (10): 102005. arXiv:2103.01175. Bibcode:2021PhRvD.103j2005A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.103.102005. S2CID 232092298.
  31. ^ Adhikari, Govinda; de Souza, Estella B.; Carlin, Nelson; Choi, Jae Jin; Choi, Seonho; Djamal, Mitra; Ezeribe, Anthony C.; França, Luis E.; Ha, Chang Hyon; Hahn, In Sik; Jeon, Eunju (2021-11-12). "Strong constraints from COSINE-100 on the DAMA dark matter results using the same sodium iodide target". Science Advances. 7 (46): eabk2699. arXiv:2104.03537. Bibcode:2021SciA....7K2699A. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abk2699. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 8580298. PMID 34757778.
  32. ^ "Is the end in sight for famous dark matter claim?". www.science.org. Retrieved 2021-12-29.

External links

  • The DAMA Project

March 21, 2023
dama, this, article, about, experiment, other, uses, dama, disambiguation, experiment, investigated, presence, dark, matter, particles, galactic, halo, exploiting, model, independent, annual, modulation, signature, based, earth, orbit, around, solar, system, s. This article is about an experiment For other uses see Dama disambiguation The DAMA NaI experiment 1 2 investigated the presence of dark matter particles in the galactic halo by exploiting the model independent annual modulation signature Based on the Earth s orbit around the Sun and the solar system s speed with respect to the center of the galaxy which on short time scales can be considered constant the Earth should be exposed to a higher flux of dark matter particles around June 1 3 when its orbital speed is added to the one of the solar system with respect to the galaxy and to a smaller one around December 2 when the two velocities are subtracted The annual modulation signature is distinctive since the effect induced by dark matter particles must simultaneously satisfy many requirements Contents 1 Description 2 Results 3 Skepticism 4 Follow up 5 References 6 External linksDescription EditThe experimental set up was located deep underground in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy The experimental set up was made by nine 9 70 kg low radioactivity scintillating thallium doped sodium iodide crystals NaI Tl Each crystal was faced by two low background photomultipliers through 10 cm light guides The detectors were installed inside a sealed copper box flushed with highly pure nitrogen in order to insulate the detectors from air that contains trace amounts of radon a radioactive gas To reduce the natural environmental background the copper box is enclosed inside a multicomponent multi ton passive shield made of copper lead polyethylene paraffin cadmium foil A plexiglas box encloses the whole shield and is also kept in a highly pure nitrogen atmosphere A concrete neutron moderator 1 m thick largely surrounds the set up Results EditThe DAMA NaI set up observed the annual modulation signature over 7 annual cycles 1995 2002 The presence of a model independent positive evidence in the data of DAMA NaI was first reported by the DAMA collaboration in fall 1997 and published beginning of 1998 4 The final paper with the full results was published in 2003 after the end of experiment in July 2002 1 Various corollary investigations are continuing and have also been published 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 The model independent evidence is compatible with a wide set of scenarios regarding the nature of the dark matter candidate and related astrophysical nuclear and particle physics 15 for example neutralinos 16 17 18 inelastic dark matter 19 self interacting dark matter 20 and heavy 4th generation neutrinos 21 22 A careful quantitative investigation of possible sources of systematic and side reactions has been regularly carried out and published at the time of each data release 23 No systematic effect or side reaction able to account for the observed modulation amplitude and to simultaneously satisfy all the requirements of the signature has been found The experiment has also obtained and published many results on other processes and approaches Skepticism EditNegative results from the XENON Dark Matter Search Experiment seem to contradict DAMA Nal s results 24 The COSINE 100 collaboration has been working in Korea towards confirming or refuting the DAMA signal They are using a similar experimental setup to DAMA NaI Tl crystals They published their results in December 2018 in the journal Nature their conclusion was that their result rules out WIMP nucleon interactions as the cause of the annual modulation observed by the DAMA collaboration 25 A possible explanation of the reported modulation was pointed out as originating from the data analysis procedure A yearly subtraction of the constant component can give rise to a sawtooth residual in the presence of a slower time dependence 26 New support for this hypothesis came in August 2022 when COSINE 100 applied an analysis method similar to one used by DAMA LIBRA and found a similar annual modulation suggesting the signal could be just an statistical artifact 27 28 In May 2021 the ANAIS dark matter direct detection experiment 29 after acquiring data for 3 years at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain has not seen evidence for annual modulation in 112 5 kg of NaI Tl crystals and is thus incompatible with DAMA NaI and DAMA LIBRA 30 and in November new results from COSINE 100 experiment after 1 7 years of data collection also failed to replicate the signal of DAMA 31 32 Follow up EditDAMA NaI has been replaced by the new generation experiment DAMA LIBRA These experiments are carried out by Italian and Chinese researchers References Edit a b Bernabei R et al 2003 Dark Matter search Rivista del Nuovo Cimento 26 1 1 73 arXiv astro ph 0307403 Bibcode 2003NCimR 26a 1B doi 10 1007 BF03548916 Bernabei R et al 1999 Performances of the about 100 kg NaI Tl set up of the DAMA experiment at Gran Sasso Il Nuovo Cimento A 112 6 545 575 Bibcode 1999NCimA 112 545B doi 10 1007 BF03035868 S2CID 119819887 Savage C et al 2009 Compatibility of DAMA LIBRA dark matter detection with other searches Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2009 4 010 arXiv 0808 3607 Bibcode 2009JCAP 04 010S doi 10 1088 1475 7516 2009 04 010 S2CID 119211397 Bernabei R et al 1998 Searching for WIMPs by the annual modulation signature Physics Letters B 424 1 2 195 201 Bibcode 1998PhLB 424 195B doi 10 1016 S0370 2693 98 00172 5 Bernabei R et al 2001 Investigating the DAMA annual modulation data in a mixed coupling framework Physics Letters B 509 3 4 197 203 Bibcode 2001PhLB 509 197B doi 10 1016 S0370 2693 01 00493 2 Bernabei R et al 2002 Investigating the DAMA annual modulation data in the framework of inelastic dark matter European Physical Journal C 23 1 61 64 Bibcode 2002EPJC 23 61B doi 10 1007 s100520100854 S2CID 121818290 Belli P et al 2002 Effect of the galactic halo modeling on the DAMA NaI annual modulation result An extended analysis of the data for weakly interacting massive particles with a purely spin independent coupling Physical Review D 66 4 043503 arXiv hep ph 0203242 Bibcode 2002PhRvD 66d3503B doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 66 043503 S2CID 117940903 Bernabei R et al 2004 Dark matter particles in the galactic halo Results and implications from DAMA NaI International Journal of Modern Physics D 13 10 2127 2159 arXiv astro ph 0501412 Bibcode 2004IJMPD 13 2127B doi 10 1142 S0218271804006619 S2CID 14877183 Bernabei R et al 2006 Investigating pseudoscalar and scalar dark matter International Journal of Modern Physics A 21 7 1445 1469 arXiv astro ph 0511262 Bibcode 2006IJMPA 21 1445B doi 10 1142 S0217751X06030874 S2CID 2644347 Bernabei R et al 2006 Investigating halo substructures with annual modulation signature European Physical Journal C 47 1 263 271 arXiv astro ph 0604303 Bibcode 2006EPJC 47 263B doi 10 1140 epjc s2006 02559 9 S2CID 15598618 Bernabei R et al 2007 On electromagnetic contributions in WIMP quests International Journal of Modern Physics A 22 19 3155 3168 arXiv 0706 1421 Bibcode 2007IJMPA 22 3155B doi 10 1142 S0217751X07037093 S2CID 2157347 Bernabei R et al 2008 Investigating electron interacting dark matter Physical Review D 77 2 3155 3168 arXiv 0706 1421 Bibcode 2008PhRvD 77b3506B doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 77 023506 S2CID 17766827 Bernabei R et al 2008 Possible implications of the channeling effect in NaI Tl crystals European Physical Journal C 53 2 205 213 arXiv 0710 0288 Bibcode 2008EPJC 53 205B doi 10 1140 epjc s10052 007 0479 0 S2CID 16162566 Bernabei R et al 2008 Investigation on light dark matter Modern Physics Letters A 23 26 2125 2140 arXiv 0802 4336 Bibcode 2008MPLA 23 2125B doi 10 1142 S0217732308027473 S2CID 7994047 Foot R 2004 Reconciling the positive DAMA annual modulation signal with the negative results of the CDMS II experiment Modern Physics Letters A 19 24 1841 1846 arXiv astro ph 0405362 Bibcode 2004MPLA 19 1841F doi 10 1142 S0217732304015051 S2CID 18243354 Bottino A et al 2003 Light Relic Neutralinos Physical Review D 67 6 063519 arXiv hep ph 0212379 Bibcode 2003PhRvD 67f3519B doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 67 063519 S2CID 118933325 Bottino A et al 2003 Lower bound on the neutralino mass from new data on CMB and implications for relic neutralinos Physical Review D 68 4 043506 arXiv hep ph 0304080 Bibcode 2003PhRvD 68d3506B doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 68 043506 S2CID 119105240 Bottino A et al 2004 Light neutralinos and WIMP direct searches Physical Review D 69 3 037302 arXiv hep ph 0307303 Bibcode 2004PhRvD 69c7302B doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 69 037302 S2CID 119515047 Smith D T Weiner N 2005 The Status of Inelastic Dark Matter Physical Review D 72 6 063509 arXiv hep ph 0402065 Bibcode 2005PhRvD 72f3509T doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 72 063509 S2CID 115846489 Mitra S 2005 Has Dama Detected Self Interacting Dark Matter Physical Review D 71 12 121302 arXiv astro ph 0409121 Bibcode 2005PhRvD 71l1302M doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 71 121302 S2CID 31554326 Belotsky K M Damour T Khlopov M Yu 2002 Implications of a solar system population of massive 4th generation neutrinos for underground searches of monochromatic neutrino annihilation signals Physics Letters B 529 1 2 10 18 arXiv astro ph 0201314 Bibcode 2002PhLB 529 10B doi 10 1016 S0370 2693 02 01234 0 S2CID 119506404 Belotsky K Fargion D Khlopov M Konoplich R V 2008 May Heavy neutrinos solve underground and cosmic ray puzzles Physics of Atomic Nuclei 71 1 147 161 arXiv hep ph 0411093 Bibcode 2008PAN 71 147B doi 10 1007 s11450 008 1016 9 S2CID 14895847 Bernabei R et al 2000 On the investigation of possible systematics in WIMP annual modulation search European Physical Journal C 18 2 283 292 Bibcode 2000EPJC 18 283B doi 10 1007 s100520000540 S2CID 121391203 Matson John 6 May 2011 WIMP Wars Astronomers and physicists remain skeptical of long standing dark matter claim Scientific American Retrieved 12 April 2011 COSINE 100 Collaboration Adhikari Govinda Adhikari Pushparaj Barbosa De Souza Estella Carlin Nelson Choi Seonho Djamal Mitra Ezeribe Anthony C Ha Chang Hyon Hahn Insik Hubbard Antonia J F Jeon Eunju Jo Jay Hyun Joo Hanwool Kang Woon Gu Kang Woosik Kauer Matthew Kim Bonghee Kim Hongjoo Kim Hyounggyu Kim Kyungwon Kim Nam Young Kim Sun Kee Kim Yeongduk Kim Yong Hamb Ko Young Ju Kudryavtsev Vitaly Y Lee Hyun Su Lee Jaison et al 2018 An experiment to search for dark matter interactions using sodium iodide detectors Nature 564 7734 83 86 arXiv 1906 01791 Bibcode 2018Natur 564 83C doi 10 1038 s41586 018 0739 1 PMID 30518890 S2CID 54459495 D Buttazzo et al 2020 Annual modulations from secular variations relaxing DAMA Journal of High Energy Physics 2020 4 137 arXiv 2002 00459 Bibcode 2020JHEP 04 137B doi 10 1007 JHEP04 2020 137 S2CID 211010848 Adhikari G Carlin N Choi J J Choi S Ezeribe A C Franca L E Ha C Hahn I S Hollick S J Jeon E J Jo J H Joo H W Kang W G Kauer M Kim B H 2022 08 10 An induced annual modulation signature in COSINE 100 data by DAMA LIBRA s analysis method arXiv 2208 05158 hep ex Castelvecchi Davide 2022 08 16 Notorious dark matter signal could be due to analysis error Nature doi 10 1038 d41586 022 02222 9 PMID 35974221 S2CID 251624302 ANAIS Experiment Universidad de Zaragoza Amare J et al 2021 Annual modulation results from three year exposure of ANAIS 112 Physical Review D 103 10 102005 arXiv 2103 01175 Bibcode 2021PhRvD 103j2005A doi 10 1103 PhysRevD 103 102005 S2CID 232092298 Adhikari Govinda de Souza Estella B Carlin Nelson Choi Jae Jin Choi Seonho Djamal Mitra Ezeribe Anthony C Franca Luis E Ha Chang Hyon Hahn In Sik Jeon Eunju 2021 11 12 Strong constraints from COSINE 100 on the DAMA dark matter results using the same sodium iodide target Science Advances 7 46 eabk2699 arXiv 2104 03537 Bibcode 2021SciA 7K2699A doi 10 1126 sciadv abk2699 ISSN 2375 2548 PMC 8580298 PMID 34757778 Is the end in sight for famous dark matter claim www science org Retrieved 2021 12 29 External links EditThe DAMA Project Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title DAMA NaI amp oldid 1116102897, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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