"Oldrich" redirects here. For the 1,000-year-old oak tree, see Oldřich Oak.
Oldřich (Latin: Odalricus, Udalrichus; German: Odalric, Udalrich; c. 989 – 9 November 1034 or 1042), a member of the Přemyslid dynasty, was Duke of Bohemia from 1012 to 1033 and briefly again in 1034. His accession to the Bohemian throne marked the start of a phase of stability after a long period of internal dynastic struggles. Under his rule, the Moravian lands were reconquered from Polish occupation.
Oldřich was the fourth (third surviving) son of Duke Boleslaus II of Bohemia (d. 999).[1] Like all his father's children, his mother was Adiva. Upon the death of his father, his eldest brother Boleslaus III succeeded as duke, however, he soon entered into a fierce conflict with his younger brothers Oldřich and Jaromír. In 1001, both had to flee to the Bavarian court at Regensburg. When Boleslaus III was deposed by the rival Vršovci dynasty the next year and the Polish ruler Bolesław I the Brave invaded Bohemia, King Henry II of Germany intervened. As a part of Henry's expedition to Prague, Boleslaus's brothers were able to return to Bohemia, and Jaromír was installed as Bohemian duke in 1004.
Oldřich and his wife Božena enter Prague, Chronicle of Dalimil
In the German–Polish War of 1002–18, Duke Jaromír remained a loyal supporter of the German king. Nevertheless, Henry did not take action when he was deposed and blinded by his brother Oldřich on 12 April 1012. While Jaromír fled to Poland, Oldřich recognised the sovereignty of the German king. He secured his rule by suppressing the Vršovci insurgents.
Oldřich and his son Bretislaus sought to win back Moravia, once conquered from the Poles by Oldřich's grandfather Duke Boleslaus I. Bretislaus and his wife Judith of Schweinfurt took up residence in Olomouc. In 1029, the Bohemian forces, backed by Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II, finally drove the Poles out of the eastern lands. However, Bretislaus's efforts to occupy adjacent territories in what is today Slovakia by marching against the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary failed in 1030 due to the jealousy of the emperor, who reached an agreement with King Stephen I. In the following year, Bohemian forces refused to take the field for the emperor.
In 1032, Duke Oldřich was invited to the Hoftag diet at Merseburg, but did not appear. His absence raised the ire of the emperor and Conrad, busy with events in Burgundy, charged his son Henry III with punishing the recalcitrant Bohemian. Oldřich was arrested, deposed and sent to Bavaria. He was again replaced by his brother Jaromír. However, when Oldřich was pardoned the next year, he returned to Bohemia and had Jaromír captured and deposed. He seized power again and drove out Jaromír's son from Moravia.
Oldřich died abruptly on 9 November 1034 and later examination of his skeleton reveal his skull to have suffered a fatal blow. Jaromír then renounced the throne in favour of his nephew Bretislaus.
According to legend rendered by the medieval chronicler Cosmas of Prague, Duke Oldřich about 1002 married a Božena, daughter of Křesina, after discarding his first wife on the grounds that they were childless. Together they had a son:
Bretislaus I (1002/1005–1055),[2] Duke of Bohemia from 1035 until his death
Wolverton, Lisa (2001). Hastening Toward Prague: Power and Society in the Medieval Czech Lands. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Krofta, Kamil (1957). "Bohemia to the Extinction of the Premyslids". In Tanner, J.R.; Previte-Orton, C.W.; Brooke, Z.N. (eds.). Cambridge Medieval History: Victory of the Papacy. Vol. VI. Cambridge University Press.
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Oldrich redirects here For the 1 000 year old oak tree see Oldrich Oak This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Oldrich Duke of Bohemia news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2009 Learn how and when to remove this message Oldrich Latin Odalricus Udalrichus German Odalric Udalrich c 989 9 November 1034 or 1042 a member of the Premyslid dynasty was Duke of Bohemia from 1012 to 1033 and briefly again in 1034 His accession to the Bohemian throne marked the start of a phase of stability after a long period of internal dynastic struggles Under his rule the Moravian lands were reconquered from Polish occupation OldrichDepiction in the Chronicle of Dalimil 14th centuryDuke of BohemiaReign1012 1033PredecessorJaromirSuccessorJaromirDuke of BohemiaReign1034PredecessorJaromirSuccessorBretislaus IBornc 989Died 1034 11 11 11 November 1034SpouseBozenaIssueBretislaus IDynastyPremyslidFatherBoleslaus II of BohemiaMotherEmma of Melnik Contents 1 Life 2 Marriage and children 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksLife editOldrich was the fourth third surviving son of Duke Boleslaus II of Bohemia d 999 1 Like all his father s children his mother was Adiva Upon the death of his father his eldest brother Boleslaus III succeeded as duke however he soon entered into a fierce conflict with his younger brothers Oldrich and Jaromir In 1001 both had to flee to the Bavarian court at Regensburg When Boleslaus III was deposed by the rival Vrsovci dynasty the next year and the Polish ruler Boleslaw I the Brave invaded Bohemia King Henry II of Germany intervened As a part of Henry s expedition to Prague Boleslaus s brothers were able to return to Bohemia and Jaromir was installed as Bohemian duke in 1004 nbsp Oldrich and his wife Bozena enter Prague Chronicle of Dalimil In the German Polish War of 1002 18 Duke Jaromir remained a loyal supporter of the German king Nevertheless Henry did not take action when he was deposed and blinded by his brother Oldrich on 12 April 1012 While Jaromir fled to Poland Oldrich recognised the sovereignty of the German king He secured his rule by suppressing the Vrsovci insurgents Oldrich and his son Bretislaus sought to win back Moravia once conquered from the Poles by Oldrich s grandfather Duke Boleslaus I Bretislaus and his wife Judith of Schweinfurt took up residence in Olomouc In 1029 the Bohemian forces backed by Holy Roman Emperor Conrad II finally drove the Poles out of the eastern lands However Bretislaus s efforts to occupy adjacent territories in what is today Slovakia by marching against the forces of the Kingdom of Hungary failed in 1030 due to the jealousy of the emperor who reached an agreement with King Stephen I In the following year Bohemian forces refused to take the field for the emperor In 1032 Duke Oldrich was invited to the Hoftag diet at Merseburg but did not appear His absence raised the ire of the emperor and Conrad busy with events in Burgundy charged his son Henry III with punishing the recalcitrant Bohemian Oldrich was arrested deposed and sent to Bavaria He was again replaced by his brother Jaromir However when Oldrich was pardoned the next year he returned to Bohemia and had Jaromir captured and deposed He seized power again and drove out Jaromir s son from Moravia Oldrich died abruptly on 9 November 1034 and later examination of his skeleton reveal his skull to have suffered a fatal blow Jaromir then renounced the throne in favour of his nephew Bretislaus Marriage and children edit nbsp Oldrich and Bozena painting by Frantisek Zenisek 1884 According to legend rendered by the medieval chronicler Cosmas of Prague Duke Oldrich about 1002 married a Bozena daughter of Kresina after discarding his first wife on the grounds that they were childless Together they had a son Bretislaus I 1002 1005 1055 2 Duke of Bohemia from 1035 until his deathNotes edit Wolverton 2001 p 102 Krofta 1957 p 426 References editWolverton Lisa 2001 Hastening Toward Prague Power and Society in the Medieval Czech Lands University of Pennsylvania Press Krofta Kamil 1957 Bohemia to the Extinction of the Premyslids In Tanner J R Previte Orton C W Brooke Z N eds Cambridge Medieval History Victory of the Papacy Vol VI Cambridge University Press External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Oldrich Duke of Bohemia Oldrich Duke of BohemiaPremyslid dynastyBorn c 975 Died 11 November 1034 Regnal titles Preceded byJaromir Duke of Bohemia1012 1033 Succeeded byJaromir Duke of Bohemia1034 Succeeded byBretislaus I Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Oldrich Duke of Bohemia amp oldid 1220666309, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
