Ochratoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by some Aspergillus species (mainly A. ochraceus and A. carbonarius, but also by 33% of A. niger industrial strains) and some Penicillium species, especially P. verrucosum. Ochratoxin A is the most prevalent and relevant fungal toxin of this group, while ochratoxins B and C are of lesser importance.
Ochratoxin A is known to occur in commodities such as cereals, coffee, dried fruit, and red wine. It is possibly a human carcinogen and is of special interest as it can be accumulated in the meat of animals. Exposure to ochratoxins through diet can cause acute toxicity in mammalian kidneys. Exposure to ochratoxin A has been associated with Balkan endemic nephropathy, a kidney disease with high mortality in people living near tributaries of the Danube River in Eastern Europe.[1]
It has been suggested that carriers of alleles associated with phenylketonuria may have been protected from spontaneous abortion caused by ochratoxin exposure, providing a heterozygous advantage for the alleles despite the possibility of severe intellectual disability in the more rare instance of inheritance from both parents.[2][3]
^Pfohl-Leszkowicz A, Manderville RA (2007). "Ochratoxin A: An overview on toxicity and carcinogenicity in animals and humans". Mol Nutr Food Res. 51 (1): 61–99. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200600137. PMID 17195275.
^"#261600 ICD+ PHENYLKETONURIA; PKU". Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man.
^Woolf, L. I. "The heterozygote advantage in phenylketonuria." (Letter) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 38: 773-775, 1986.
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February 15, 2024
ochratoxin, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, march, 2015, le. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Ochratoxin news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Ochratoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced by some Aspergillus species mainly A ochraceus and A carbonarius but also by 33 of A niger industrial strains and some Penicillium species especially P verrucosum Ochratoxin A is the most prevalent and relevant fungal toxin of this group while ochratoxins B and C are of lesser importance Ochratoxin A is known to occur in commodities such as cereals coffee dried fruit and red wine It is possibly a human carcinogen and is of special interest as it can be accumulated in the meat of animals Exposure to ochratoxins through diet can cause acute toxicity in mammalian kidneys Exposure to ochratoxin A has been associated with Balkan endemic nephropathy a kidney disease with high mortality in people living near tributaries of the Danube River in Eastern Europe 1 It has been suggested that carriers of alleles associated with phenylketonuria may have been protected from spontaneous abortion caused by ochratoxin exposure providing a heterozygous advantage for the alleles despite the possibility of severe intellectual disability in the more rare instance of inheritance from both parents 2 3 Ochratoxin A Ochratoxin B Ochratoxin C Ochratoxin TAReferences edit Pfohl Leszkowicz A Manderville RA 2007 Ochratoxin A An overview on toxicity and carcinogenicity in animals and humans Mol Nutr Food Res 51 1 61 99 doi 10 1002 mnfr 200600137 PMID 17195275 261600 ICD PHENYLKETONURIA PKU Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man Woolf L I The heterozygote advantage in phenylketonuria Letter Am J Hum Genet 38 773 775 1986 External links edit nbsp Media related to Ochratoxins at Wikimedia Commons Extensive information about mycotoxins and animal feed Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ochratoxin amp oldid 1190391861, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
