North East railway line

This article is about the original broad gauge line to Albury. For the Victorian standard gauge line to Sydney, see North East standard gauge railway line. For the Mass Rapid Transit line in Singapore, see North East MRT line. For other uses, see Northeast Line.

The North East railway line is a railway line in Victoria, Australia.^[1] The line runs from Southern Cross railway station on the western edge of the Melbourne central business district to Albury railway station in the border settlement of Albury–Wodonga, serving the cities of Wangaratta and Seymour, and smaller towns in northeastern Victoria. The line is owned by VicTrack, but the standard gauge section leased to, and maintained by, the Australian Rail Track Corporation.

North East
Overview
Other name(s)	Albury
Status	Operational with broad gauge passenger services from Flinders Street to Seymour Gauge converted beyond Seymour (see also North East standard gauge railway line)
Owner	M&ER (1860–1964) Victorian Railways (VR) (1867–1974) VR as VicRail (1974–1983) MTA (The Met) (1983–1989) STA (V/Line) (1983–1989) PTC (The Met) (1989–1997) PTC (V/Line) (1989–1995) PTC (V/Line Passenger) (1995–1997) VicTrack (1997–Current)
Locale	Victoria, Australia
Termini	Southern Cross Albury
Connecting lines	All metropolitan, regional, and interstate Albion–Jacana Oaklands Tocumwal
Former connections	Bright Cudgewa Heathcote Mansfield Peechelba East Tatong Upfield—Somerton link Wahgunyah Whitfield
Stations	38 current stations 13 former stations 2 current siding 13 former sidings
Service
Type	Victorian railway line
Services	Albury Craigieburn Seymour Shepparton
Operator(s)	M&ER (1860–1964) Victorian Railways (VR) (1867–1974) VR as VicRail (1974–1983) MTA (The Met) (1983–1989) STA (V/Line) (1983–1989) PTC (The Met) (1989–1998) PTC (V/Line) (1989–1995) PTC (V/Line Passenger) (1995–1998) Bayside Trains (1998–2000) V/Line Passenger (1998–2010) M>Train (2000–2004) Connex Melbourne (2004–2009) Metro Trains (2009–Current) V/Line (2010–Current)
History
Commenced	21 October 1860 (1860-10-21)
Opened	Southern Cross to North Melbourne on 17 January 1859 (1859-01-17) North Melbourne to Essendon on 21 October 1860 (1860-10-21) Essendon to Dysart on 18 April 1872 (1872-04-18) Dysart to Seymour on 26 August 1872 (1872-08-26) Seymour to Longwood on 20 November 1872 (1872-11-20) Longwood to Violet Town on 20 March 1873 (1873-03-20) Violet Town to Benalla on 18 August 1873 (1873-08-18) Benalla to Wangaratta on 28 October 1873 (1873-10-28) Wangaratta to Wodonga on 21 November 1873 (1873-11-21) Wodonga to Albury on 14 June 1883 (1883-06-14) Flinders Street to Southern Cross on 29 November 1891 (1891-11-29)
Completed	14 June 1883 (1883-06-14)
Reopened	North Melbourne to Newmarket on 31 October 1867 (1867-10-31) Newmarket to Essendon on 9 January 1871 (1871-01-09)
Electrified	Flinders Street to Essendon on 28 May 1919 (1919-05-28) Essendon to Broadmeadows on 4 September 1921 (1921-09-04) Broadmeadows to Craigieburn on 22 July 2007 (2007-07-22)
Gauge converted	Seymour to Albury on 23 July 2010 (2010-07-23)
Closed	North Melbourne to Essendon on 1 July 1864 (1864-07-01) Seymour to Albury on 9 November 2008 (2008-11-09)
Technical
Line length	307.812 km (191.27 mi)
Number of tracks	Broad gauge Six tracks: Flinders Street to North Melbourne Four tracks: North Melbourne to Kensington Double track: Kensington to Dysart Single track: Dysart to Seymour Standard gauge Double track: Seymour to border Single track: Broadmeadows to Seymour border to Albury
Track gauge	5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Electrification	Flinders Street to Craigieburn: 1500 V DC overhead
Operating speed	130 km/h (81 mph) - Passenger 115 km/h (71 mph) - Freight
Signalling	BG to Craigieburn: Automatic block signaling BG to Seymour: Double Line Block SG to Albury: Centralised Traffic Control
Maximum incline	1 in 50 (2%)
Route map Legend km Multiple lines via Richmond or Jolimont City Loop 0.0 Flinders Street 1.4 Parliament ●●●●●●●●● 2.7 Melbourne Central 3.3 Flagstaff 1.2 Southern Cross ● City Loop Albury, North East SG & Western SG lines to Albury, Sydney & Adelaide 2.9 North Melbourne ●●●●●●● 3.1 Dynon Road Upfield line to Upfield 3.7 CityLink 3.7 Moonee Ponds Creek Multiple lines via Footscray Metro section (Craigieburn Line) 4.8 Kensington 5.4 Racecourse Road 5.5 Newmarket ■ Flemington Racecourse line to Flemington Racecourse 6.8 Ascot Vale Road 7.0 Ascot Vale 7.4 Maribyrnong Road 8.1 Moonee Ponds 9.2 Essendon ●●■ 9.5 Mount Alexander Road 10.4 Glenbervie 11.0 Strathmore 11.3 Pascoe Vale Road 11.7 Moonee Ponds Creek 11.8 Bell Street 11.9 CityLink 12.5 Pascoe Vale 14.1 Oak Park 15.6 Glenroy Albury & North East SG line to Southern Cross & Albion–Jacana line to Albion 16.7 Jacana 16.7 Western Ring Road 17.8 Camp Road 18.1 Broadmeadows ●●● Broadstore Siding (demolished) 20.5 Coolaroo Upfield line to Flinders Street 22.9 Somerton Road 23.0 Somerton (demolished) 23.3 Somerton Yard | Roxburgh Park 27.3 Craigieburn ●● 27.6 Hume Highway / Sydney Road 28.0 end of overhead 28.7 Hume Freeway 31.0 end of Metro area Seymour section 32.6 Merri Creek 34.4 Donnybrook Merri Creek 43.0 Beveridge 48.7 Wallan 51.9 Lightwood (demolished) 54.7 Heathcote Junction Heathcote line to Bendigo 56.5 Wandong 58.0 Hume Freeway 59.9 Mathieson's Siding (demolished) 64.7 Kilmore East 67.2 Kilmore East Quarry Siding 76.4 Broadford 78.5 McDougall's Siding (demolished) 86.9 Lowry's Siding (demolished) 89.7 Hume Freeway 91.4 Tallarook Mansfield line to Mansfield 95.7 Dysart 97.6 Goulburn River 99.9 Seymour ●● Hume Freeway 108.1 Gravelside Siding (demolished) 110.6 Mangalore (demolished) Tocumwal line to Tocumwal 117.2 Avenel 122.4 Monea (demolished) 128.8 Locksley (demolished) 137.5 Longwood (demolished) 144.5 Creighton (demolished) 152.3 Euroa Seven Creeks 160.1 Balmattum (demolished) 170.6 Violet Town 177.0 Burkes Hill Siding (demolished) 184.4 Baddaginnie (demolished) 193.1 Hanson's Siding (demolished) Broken River 196.5 Benalla Tatong line to Tatong (dismantled) | Oaklands line to Oaklands 206.0 Winton (demolished) 212.2 Head's Siding (demolished) 220.0 Glenrowan (closed) 234.3 Alumatta Siding (demolished) Whitfield line to Whitfield (dismantled) 235.2 Wangaratta Ovens River 241.1 Bowser (demolished) Yackandandah line to Yackandandah | Peechelba East line to Peechelba East (dismantled) 258.8 Springhurst Wahgunyah line to Wahgunyah (dismantled) 269.6 Barambogie Ballast Siding (demolished) 272.6 Chiltern 281.4 Barnawartha (closed) 293.5 West Wodonga (demolished) Hume Freeway 300.4 Wodonga 302.0 Wodonga (old) (closed) Cudgewa line to Cudgewa (dismantled) 303.3 Wodonga Coal Siding (demolished) Hume Freeway 304.0 Bridge over Murray River NSW Victoria border 306.1 Albury Main Southern line to Sydney km broad gauge standard gauge 2 ft 6 in narrow gauge dual gauge This diagram: view talk edit

Unlike most other heavy rail lines in Victoria, the section of the line beyond Seymour was gauge converted between 2008 and 2010.

History

 

New A 398 leads a B class up Glenroy Bank on the Sydney Express, circa 1900

 

S class 4-6-2 leading the Sydney Limited between Seymour and Melbourne, circa 1928

 

A streamlined S class locomotive hauling the Spirit of Progress near Kilmore East in 1937

 

Junction of the North East and Shepparton lines at the site of Mangalore station

 

V/Line Albury line train

 

Steamrail "Farewell Broad Gauge" special, Benalla, 2008

 

Former end of the broad gauge, the break-of-gauge platform at Albury

19th century

The Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company opened the first section of the Albury line, from North Melbourne to Essendon, in 1860.^[2] Following its takeover by the Victorian Government in 1867, the line was extended by 1872^[3] to School House Lane on the south side of the Goulburn River near Seymour, and later that year to Seymour and then to Longwood. Violet Town, Benalla, Wangaratta, Springhurst and Wodonga were reached in 1873,^[2] connecting with the New South Wales Government Railways at Albury at a break of gauge in 1883. The design engineer was Robert Watson.

20th century

21st century

Maintaining two parallel railway lines drew criticism, noting inefficiencies in maintaining track, operating trains, and duplicated train control centres.^[4] By 2001, the State Government announced the conversion of the broad gauge line to standard,^[5] but action was stifled, due largely to complex leasing arrangements. Speed restrictions were eventually applied to the broad gauge line due to track deterioration.^[6]

In May 2008, it was announced that the tracks would be upgraded, including the conversion of 200 kilometres (120 mi) of broad gauge track to standard gauge between Seymour and Albury, a 5 km (3.1 mi) bypass around Wodonga, and upgrades between Melbourne and Seymour including new passing loops.^[7] Passenger platforms were to be built on the standard-gauge line, and V/Line locomotives and carriages converted to operate on the line. Costing A$501.3 million, the Victorian Government was to contribute A$171.3 million, the Australian Government A$45 million for the Wodonga Rail Bypass, and the Australian Rail Track Corporation A$285 million and take responsibility for the standard-gauge line under a 45-year lease from Victoria.^[8] The project was due for completion by 2010, with passenger services to be disrupted for up to 12 months.^[9]

On 8 November 2008, broad gauge passenger trains ceased after the evening V/Line service from Melbourne to Albury and a special train operated by the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre, the final broad-gauge passenger train from Albury to Melbourne.^[10][11] In December 2008, standardisation works commenced, contracted by ARTC to the Southern Improvement Alliance. The first train on the Wodonga Rail Bypass was in March 2010.^[12]

Network and operations

Services

Craigieburn service

Main article: Craigieburn railway line

Seymour service

Main article: Seymour V/Line rail service

Seymour and Shepparton V/Line services continue to use the adjacent broad gauge tracks on the Tocumwal line.

Albury service

Main article: Albury V/Line rail service

The entire line is utilised by V/Line Albury trains, which stops at every station between Albury and Seymour. Outside this section, all passenger trains heading to, and from, Melbourne only make scheduled stops at Seymour, Broadmeadows and Southern Cross, and no other station.

Broad gauge Spirit of Progress

Main article: Spirit of Progress

Broad gauge Intercapital Daylight

Main article: Intercapital Daylight

Freight

Operators

Operator	Assumed operations	Ceased operations	Length of operations
Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company	21 October 1860	1 July 1864	3 years
Victorian Railways	31 October 1867	30 June 1983	115 years
Metropolitan Transit Authority (The Met)	1 July 1983	30 June 1989	5 years
State Transport Authority (V/Line)	1 July 1983	30 June 1989	5 years
Public Transport Corporation (The Met)	1 July 1989	30 June 1998	8 years
Public Transport Corporation (V/Line)	1 July 1989	1995	6 years
Public Transport Corporation (V/Line Passenger)	1995	30 June 1998	30 months
Bayside Trains	1 July 1998	29 August 1999	13 months
V/Line Passenger	1 July 1998	29 August 1999	13 months
National Express (as Bayside Trains)	29 August 1999	October 2000	13 months
National Express (as V/Line Passenger)	29 August 1999	22 December 2002	3 years
National Express (as M>Train)	October 2000	22 December 2002	26 months
M>Train	22 December 2002	18 April 2004	15 months
V/Line Passenger	22 December 2002	1 July 2010	7 years
Connex Melbourne	18 April 2004	29 November 2009	5 years
Metro Trains Melbourne	30 November 2009	incumbent	14 years (ongoing)
V/Line	1 July 2010	incumbent	13 years (ongoing)

Route

Stations

Station Histories

Station	Opened^[13]^[14]	Closed^[13]^[14]	Age	Notes^[13]^[14]
Flagstaff	27 May 1985		38 years
Melbourne Central	26 January 1981		42 years	Formerly Museum
Parliament	22 January 1983		40 years
Flinders Street	12 September 1854		169 years	Formerly Melbourne Terminus
Southern Cross	17 January 1859		164 years	Formerly Batman's Hill Formerly Spencer Street
North Melbourne	6 October 1859		164 years
Kensington	1 November 1860	1 July 1864	3 years	Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company
	9 October 1871		152 years
Newmarket	1 November 1860	1 July 1864	3 years	Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company
	9 October 1871		152 years
Ascot Vale	1 November 1860	1 July 1864	3 years	Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company
	9 October 1871		152 years
Moonee Ponds	1 November 1860	1 July 1864	3 years	Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company
	9 October 1871		152 years
Essendon	1 November 1860	1 July 1864	3 years	Melbourne and Essendon Railway Company
	9 October 1871		152 years
Glenbervie	11 September 1922		101 years
Strathmore	28 October 1890		133 years	Formerly North Essendon
Pascoe Vale	10 November 1885		138 years
Oak Park	13 August 1956		67 years
Glenroy	24 January 1887		136 years
Jacana	15 February 1959		64 years
Broadmeadows	1 February 1873		150 years
Broadstore Siding	12 October 1942	c. 1980's	Approx. 38 years
Coolaroo	6 June 2010		13 years
Roxburgh Park	18 April 1872	24 September 1963	91 years	Was originally Somerton
	1 October 2007		16 years	Reopened as Roxburgh Park
Somerton Yard	30 June 1889		134 years
Craigieburn	18 April 1872		151 years
Donnybrook	14 October 1872		151 years
Beveridge	14 October 1872	2 April 1990	117 years
Wallan	18 April 1872		151 years
Lightwood	1890	24 April 1941	50 years	Formerly Merri Merri Siding Formerly Merri Formerly Merri Siding
Heathcote Junction	17 March 1890		133 years	Formerly Kilmore Junction
Wandong	11 April 1876		147 years	Also known as Morpeth's Siding
Mathieson's Siding	12 August 1885	?		Was originally Wandong Ballast Pits Siding
	2 July 1888	26 February 1924	35 years	Reopened as Mathieson's Siding
Kilmore East	18 April 1872		151 years	Formerly Kilmore
Kilmore East Quarry Siding	13 September 1976		47 years
Broadford	18 April 1872		151 years
McDougall's Siding	26 March 1890	13 January 1987	96 years	Formerly McDougall
Lowry's Siding	19 November 1888	c. 31 May 1909	Approx. 20 years
Tallarook	18 April 1872		151 years
Dysart	18 April 1872	20 August 1872	4 months	Was originally Schoolhouse Lane
	1 June 1889	3 May 1987	97 years	Formerly Schoolhouse Lane Also known as Dysart Military Siding
Seymour	26 August 1872		151 years
Gravelside Siding	24 June 1885	c. 6 December 1890	Approx. 5 years	Was originally Gravel Pit Sidings
	7 August 1894	11 January 1938	43 years	Formerly Gravel Pit Sidings
Mangalore	13 January 1880	c. 5 October 1982	Approx. 102 years
Avenel	20 November 1872		151 years
Monea	27 February 1882	13 June 1960	78 years
Locksley	18 October 1882	1 April 1973	90 years	Formerly Burnt Creek Wood Siding Formerly Burnt Creek
Longwood	20 November 1872	c. 5 October 1982	Approx. 109 years
Creighton	9 February 1887	1 September 1970	83 years	Formerly Synon's Siding Formerly Creighton's Creek
Euroa	20 March 1873		150 years
Balmattum	12 March 1889	24 July 1965	76 years
Violet Town	20 March 1873		150 years
Burkes Hill Siding	25 April 1889	5 February 1892	33 months
	13 October 1899	14 July 1902	33 months
Baddaginnie	19 June 1882	7 May 1978	95 years
Hanson's Siding	3 May 1904	c. 3 February 1925	Approx. 20 years	Formerly Caelli's Siding
Benalla	18 August 1873		150 years
Winton	9 December 1877	1 May 1971	93 years
Head's Siding	9 September 1907	c. 20 Oct 1942	Approx. 35 years	Formerly Head and Green's Siding
Glenrowan	2 November 1874	c. 5 October 1982	Approx. 107 years
Alumatta Siding	17 June 1882	c. 1908	Approx. 26 years	Was originally Wangaratta Meat Siding
	16 April 1943	16 August 1989	46 years	Reopened as Alumatta Siding
Wangaratta	28 October 1873		150 years
Bowser	2 February 1891	1 October 1972	81 years	Formerly Beechworth Junction
Springhurst	29 November 1873		150 years	Formerly Springs Also known as Bontherambo or Naringa
Barambogie Ballast Siding	1874	1876	24 months	Was originally Doma Mungi Siding
	February 1922	7 April 1933	11 years	Reopened as State Rivers & Water Supply Commission's Siding
	7 January 1935	14 September 1960	25 years	Reopened as Chiltern Valley Siding
Chiltern	c. 1873		Approx. 150 years
Barnawartha	c. 1873	26 October 1986	Approx. 112 years
Wodonga West	?	1899
Wodonga	21 November 1873	9 November 2008	134 years
	25 June 2011		12 years
Wodonga Coal Siding	7 August 1916	1 September 2009	93 years	inc. Bogie exchange area
Albury	3 February 1881		142 years

Infrastructure

Branch lines

South of Craigieburn

In October 1889, the Upfield railway line was extended to Somerton, but closed in July 1903. In March 1928, despite strong resistance from the Railways Commissioners, the state government ordered the reopening of the section from Fawkner to near Somerton for passengers,^[15] although no actually connection was provided at this time.In May 1956, the line from Fawkner to Somerton was again closed, but only three years later, in July 1959, the Upfield to Somerton section reopened for goods trains.^[16] In January 1963, the line from Somerton to the Ford factory was re-laid as dual gauge gauntlet track, a year after the North East standard gauge line through Somerton opened.

A branch line was opened during the Second World War to Broadstore, designed to connect Broadmeadows station with the Maygar Barracks. The line opened on 12 October 1942 and remaining in operation until 1982, when usage of the base began to.^[17]

Between Craigieburn and Seymour

A branch line opened from Heathcote Junction (near Kilmore) to Kilmore in 1888 and to Tooborac in 1890, connecting with a line from Bendigo to Heathcote opened a little earlier. The Heathcote Junction – Heathcote line closed in 1968. A branch line from Kilmore to Lancefield opened in 1892, closed in 1904.

The Mansfield line opened from Tallarook to Yea in 1883, Molesworth in 1889, Cathkin and Merton in 1890 and Mansfield in 1891. It is now closed. A branch line was built from Cathkin to Koriella in 1890 and Alexandra in 1909. This line closed in 1978.

North of Seymour

The Tocumwal line opened from Mangalore to Toolamba, Shepparton and Tocumwal in 1880.

A branch line opened from Benalla to St James in 1883, Yarrawonga in 1886 and Oaklands in 1938, with a break of gauge there until the State Rail Authority line closed south of Boree Creek. A second 18+1⁄4-mile (29.4 km) branch line from Benalla to Tatong was opened in 1914 and closed in 1947.

The narrow-gauge Whitfield branch line opened from Wangaratta to Whitfield in 1899, closing in 1953.

A branch line opened from Bowser (north of Wangaratta) to Everton in 1875, which was extended to Beechworth in 1876 and Yackandandah in 1891. The line closed in 1954. Another branch line was built from Everton to Myrtleford in 1883 and Bright in 1890, now closed.

A short line to Peechelba East, which opened in 1928 and closed in 1986, also branched from Bowser.

A short branch line opened from Springhurst via Rutherglen to Wahgunyah in 1879. Services were suspended in 1995.

A branch line opened from Wodonga to Tallangatta between 1889 and 1891, Shelley in 1916, Beetoomba in 1919 and Cudgewa in 1921.^[18] A connection from Albury was added near Wodonga, creating a turning triangle to enable the Sydney Limited and its successor Spirit of Progress with their observation cars to be turned as complete trains. The line closed beyond Bandiana in 1981,^[19] and the connection to Wodonga later removed, with only standard gauge traffic continuing to use the line via Albury.^[20]

Signalling

References

1. Turton, Keith W. (1973). The North East Railway. (A Lineside Guide) Melbourne to Wodonga. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). ISBN 0-85849-013-7.
2. Sid Brown (March 1990). "Tracks Across the State". Newsrail. Vol. 18, no. 3. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). pp. 71–76.
3. The Centenary of the Opening of the Railway to Seymour, Turton, Keith W. Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, April;May 1972 pp73-95;101-109
4. "Derailment of Freight Train 1SP2N and the Subsequent Collision of Passenger Train 8318". Australian Transport Safety Bureau: Investigation Reports. 1 November 2006. from the original on 9 July 2009. Retrieved 3 March 2008.
5. Victorian Auditor General (August 2006). . Victorian Auditor General's Office. Archived from the original on 3 September 2007. Retrieved 8 February 2008.
6. V/Line: V/Line Voice 20 July 2008 at the Wayback Machine Issue 32, February 2008
7. . news.ninemsn.com.au. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2008.
8. "Premier of Victoria, Australia - FEDERAL-STATE CO-OPERATION DELIVERS MAJOR RAIL PROJECT". premier.vic.gov.au. from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 30 May 2008.
9. "Full steam ahead - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)". ABC News. abc.net.au. 29 May 2008. from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2008.
10. Victoria MacDonald (8 November 2008). "Historic day as a railway era comes to an end". The Border Mail. Albury-Wodonga: Fairfax Media.
11. "Seymour Railway Heritage Centre - Tours 2008 - The Last Broad Gauge Passenger Train from Albury". Seymour Railway Heritage Centre. from the original on 18 February 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2008.
12. VICTORIA MACDONALD (16 March 2010). "A bypass milestone as freight train ambles in". The Border Mail. bordermail.com.au. from the original on 23 March 2010. Retrieved 16 March 2010.
13. Anderson, Rick (2010). Stopping All Stations. Clunes, Victoria: Full Parallel Productions. ISBN 978-0646543635. OCLC 671303814.
14. [Vicsig.net "VICSIG"]. vicsig.net. Retrieved 12 July 2023. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
15. "Somerton Railway". The Argus. Melbourne. 23 December 1927. from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 21 January 2020.
16. "Somerton" (PDF). Victorian Signalling Histories. Andrew Waugh. (PDF) from the original on 19 July 2008. Retrieved 22 January 2008.
17. "Broadstore Line 1991". Mike Forsberg. Retrieved 6 October 2009.
18. Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, June 1960 pp91-93
19. "VR timeline". victorianrailways.net/. Mark Bau. from the original on 30 May 2008. Retrieved 3 March 2008.
20. "Cudgewa Line". vicrailstations.net. from the original on 17 May 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008.

External links

• History Victoria: The North East Railway Story

Further reading

• Turton, Keith W. (1973). The North East Railway. (A Lineside Guide) Melbourne to Wodonga. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). ISBN 0-85849-013-7.
• John C. Jennings and Robert K. Whitehead (July 2005). Seymour - A Railway Town. Seymour and District Historical Society. ISBN 0-9751658-0-1.
• Turton, Keith W. (1973). Six And A Half Inches From Destiny. The first hundred years of the Melbourne-Wodonga Railway 1873-1973. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). ISBN 0-85849-012-9.
• Covell, C.M. (November 1967). "Some Impressions and Reflections of the North-Eastern Line". Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin. pp. 230–244.