Nine-fold seal script[a][1][2] or nine-fold script,[b][3] also translated nine-bend script,[3] or layered script[5] is a highly stylised form of Chinese calligraphy derived from small seal script, using recurve, convoluted strokes aligned to horizontal and vertical directions, folded back and forth to fill the available space.[1][2][3] It was used for Chinese characters on official seals by the Song dynasty and the contemporaneous Liao dynasty,[1] as well as by later dynasties such as the Ming dynasty.[5] It is encountered mainly on official governmental seals,[4] but occasionally seen in other contexts, such as the seals of Daoist masters.[5]
Nine-fold seal script
A seal impression bearing the text "大英伯朙𦤃龍正㞢章" (modern: "大英伯明皇龍正之章") in nine-fold seal script
Strokes are conformed to the horizontal and vertical directions.[2] As the name suggests, the strokes of a character are "folded" or "stacked" back on themselves,[2] such as to fill the available space.[3] This creates a rhythmic, layered or spiralling, visual effect.[5]
Depending on the complexity of the character and space constraints of the seal face, however, the number of "fold" layers did not always equal nine, but could be as few as six[2] or as many as sixteen.[4] Although the term "nine-fold seal script" in a broad sense includes these variations,[2][4] such examples are sometimes referred to simply as "folded/layered seal script",[c][2][5] or by specific terms such as "eight-fold seal script".[d][3]
Historyedit
Nine-fold seal script was developed during the Song dynasty (960–1279).[5] The contemporaneous Khitan Liao dynasty adopted it for Chinese-language seals, and also adapted it for the Khitan large script for use on Khitan-language seals. The Western Xia dynasty also developed a seal-script form of the Tangut script inspired by the nine-fold seal script.[1]
One of the earliest examples of folded seal script is the "Seal of the Inner Court Library" used by the court of Emperor Huizong of Song (reigned 1100–1126) on artworks in the imperial collection.[5]
Third from top: the seal script style of Phags-pa, influenced by Chinese nine-fold seal script
^ abcdKobayashi, Sachie (2012). "Description of East Asian Seal Impressions as Metadata". Journal of East Asian Libraries. 2012 (155). Pittsburgh, PA: Council on East Asian Libraries, Association for Asian Studies / Brigham Young University. ISSN 1087-5093.
^ abcdefghiHuang, Shih-Shan Susan (2018). "Daoist Seals, Part 2: Classifying Different Types". Journal of Daoist Studies. 11. University of Hawai'i: 46–82. doi:10.1353/dao.2018.0002. ISSN 1941-5524.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nine-fold seal script.
April 12, 2024
nine, fold, seal, script, nine, fold, script, also, translated, nine, bend, script, layered, script, highly, stylised, form, chinese, calligraphy, derived, from, small, seal, script, using, recurve, convoluted, strokes, aligned, horizontal, vertical, direction. Nine fold seal script a 1 2 or nine fold script b 3 also translated nine bend script 3 or layered script 5 is a highly stylised form of Chinese calligraphy derived from small seal script using recurve convoluted strokes aligned to horizontal and vertical directions folded back and forth to fill the available space 1 2 3 It was used for Chinese characters on official seals by the Song dynasty and the contemporaneous Liao dynasty 1 as well as by later dynasties such as the Ming dynasty 5 It is encountered mainly on official governmental seals 4 but occasionally seen in other contexts such as the seals of Daoist masters 5 Nine fold seal scriptA seal impression bearing the text 大英伯朙𦤃龍正㞢章 modern 大英伯明皇龍正之章 in nine fold seal scriptScript typeLogographicTime periodSong dynasty onwardsLanguagesMiddle ChineseRelated scriptsParent systemsOracle bone scriptBronze scriptSmall seal scriptNine fold seal script Contents 1 Form and terminology 2 History 3 See also 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksForm and terminology editStrokes are conformed to the horizontal and vertical directions 2 As the name suggests the strokes of a character are folded or stacked back on themselves 2 such as to fill the available space 3 This creates a rhythmic layered or spiralling visual effect 5 Depending on the complexity of the character and space constraints of the seal face however the number of fold layers did not always equal nine but could be as few as six 2 or as many as sixteen 4 Although the term nine fold seal script in a broad sense includes these variations 2 4 such examples are sometimes referred to simply as folded layered seal script c 2 5 or by specific terms such as eight fold seal script d 3 History editNine fold seal script was developed during the Song dynasty 960 1279 5 The contemporaneous Khitan Liao dynasty adopted it for Chinese language seals and also adapted it for the Khitan large script for use on Khitan language seals The Western Xia dynasty also developed a seal script form of the Tangut script inspired by the nine fold seal script 1 One of the earliest examples of folded seal script is the Seal of the Inner Court Library used by the court of Emperor Huizong of Song reigned 1100 1126 on artworks in the imperial collection 5 nbsp Third from top the seal script style of Phags pa influenced by Chinese nine fold seal scriptThe influence of nine fold seal script continued during the remainder of the Imperial Chinese period for example it was used in Ming dynasty governmental seals 5 The Mongol led Yuan dynasty developed a seal script form of Phags pa influenced by Chinese nine fold seal script 1 5 and the Manchu led Qing dynasty did the same for the Manchu script 1 See also editBannai script Seal script Space filling curve Square KuficFootnotes edit simplified Chinese 九叠篆 traditional Chinese 九疊篆 pinyin jiǔ die zhuan simplified Chinese 九叠文 traditional Chinese 九疊文 pinyin jiǔ die wen 3 or simplified Chinese 九叠书 traditional Chinese 九疊書 pinyin jiǔ die shu 4 simplified Chinese 叠篆 traditional Chinese 疊篆 pinyin die zhuan simplified Chinese 八叠篆 traditional Chinese 八疊篆 pinyin ba die zhuanReferences edit a b c d e f West Andrew 2023 06 08 2012 10 16 A Ninefold Seal Script Official Seals Khitan Seals a b c d e f g 九疊篆 ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄧㄝˊ ㄓㄨㄢ Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary Ministry of Education Taiwan 2021 a b c d e f Seal Glossary Seal Society a b c d Kobayashi Sachie 2012 Description of East Asian Seal Impressions as Metadata Journal of East Asian Libraries 2012 155 Pittsburgh PA Council on East Asian Libraries Association for Asian Studies Brigham Young University ISSN 1087 5093 a b c d e f g h i Huang Shih Shan Susan 2018 Daoist Seals Part 2 Classifying Different Types Journal of Daoist Studies 11 University of Hawai i 46 82 doi 10 1353 dao 2018 0002 ISSN 1941 5524 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nine fold seal script Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nine fold seal script amp oldid 1209866921, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
