This article's lead sectionmay be too short to adequately summarize the key points. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article.(October 2021)
Nicholas Alexandrovich (Russian: Николай Александрович; 20 September [O.S. 8 September] 1843 – 24 April [O.S. 12 April] 1865) was tsesarevich—the heir apparent—of Imperial Russia from 2 March 1855 until his death in 1865.
Nicholas with his elder sister Alexandra, who died in childhood.
Grand Duke Nicholas was born on 20 September [O.S. 8 September] 1843, in the Alexander Palace in Tsarskoye Selo south of central Saint Petersburg, during the reign of his grandfather, Emperor Nicholas I. Nicknamed "Nixa", he was the eldest son of the Tsesarevich Alexander Nikolaevich, eldest son of Emperor Nicholas I, and the Tsesarevna Maria Alexandrovna of Russia. In 1855, his paternal grandfather died, and his father succeeded to the throne as Emperor Alexander II.
Nicholas was extremely well-educated and intelligent. His paternal uncle Grand Duke Konstantin called him "the crown of perfection."[1] His history teacher said, “If I succeeded in forming a student equal to Nikolai Alexandrovich once in ten years, I’d think I’d have fulfilled my duties."[2]
Nicholas had a close relationship with his younger brother, Grand Duke Alexander. He called Alexander "Pug." On his deathbed, he told his father, “Papa, take care of Sasha, he is such an honest, good man."[3]
Engagementedit
Tsesarevich Nicholas with Princess Dagmar of Denmark, engagement photograph, 1864
Nicholas was besotted with Dagmar after he saw a photograph of her. On 3 August 1863, he wrote to his mother: "I haven’t fallen in love with anyone for a long time. . . You may laugh but the main reason for this is Dagmar whom I fell in love with long ago without even seeing her. I think only about her.”[4] He was tremendously happy after he proposed to Dagmar in her native Denmark: “How can I not be happy when my heart tells me I love her, love her dearly?. . . How can I describe her? Pretty, direct, intelligent, lively yet shy.”[5] As he continued on his European tour, he wrote love letters to Dagmar every day.
Deathedit
Until 1865, Nicholas was thought to have a strong constitution. During a tour in southern Europe, he contracted an ailment that was initially incorrectly diagnosed as rheumatism. Nicholas's symptoms at that time included back pain and a stiff neck, as well as sensitivity to noise and light. He thought little of his ailments, however, and continued his tour in Italy.
His health rapidly worsened, and he was sent to Southern France. This move, of course, brought him no improvement. It was eventually determined that he was suffering from cerebro-spinal meningitis, and it was speculated that this illness of his was caused by a previous accident in a wrestling match, in which Nicholas participated and was thrown down.[6] In the spring of 1865, Nicholas continued to decline, and he died on 24 April 1865, at the Villa Bermond in Nice, France.
On his deathbed, Nicholas expressed the wish that his fiancée become the bride of his younger brother and future tsarevich, Alexander. He "raised his right hand and took Sasha's [Alexander's] hand... and seemed to be reaching for Princess Dagmar's with his left."[7] In 1866, Alexander and Dagmar married.[8]
Nicholas's death at the early age of 21 thoroughly devastated his mother, who was said to have pored obsessively over all aspects of Nicholas's life. Empress Maria never recovered from his death.
In 1867, construction was begun on a chapel named in his honor (fr:Chapelle du tsarévitch Nicolas Alexandrovitch) in Nice, on the exact place where Nicholas was said to have died, and in 1868, the chapel was inaugurated, with his brother Alexander and his wife, the re-christened Maria Feodorovna, in attendance.
^. Finlands Allmänna Tidning (in Swedish). Helsinki: Grand Duchy of Finland (104): 1. 6 May 1865. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved 10 February 2009.
^Russian Imperial Army – Grand Duke Nikolai Alexandrovich of Russia (In Russian)
^"A Szent István Rend tagjai" 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1862), "Großherzogliche Orden" pp. 33, 45
^Bayern (1864). Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern: 1864. Landesamt. p. 10.
^"Liste des Membres de l'Ordre de Léopold", Almanach Royal Officiel (in French), 1863, p. 52 – via Archives de Bruxelles
^Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1864) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1864 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1864] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. p. 4. Retrieved 16 September 2019 – via da:DIS Danmark.
^M. & B. Wattel. (2009). Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 515. ISBN978-2-35077-135-9.
^Staat Hannover (1864). Hof- und Staatshandbuch für das Königreich Hannover: 1864. Berenberg. pp. 38, 79.
^Hessen-Darmstadt (1864). Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Hessen: für das Jahr ... 1864. Staatsverl. p. 10.
^Staat Oldenburg (1864). Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Oldenburg: für ... 1864. Schulze. p. 26.
^Bragança, Jose Vicente de; Estrela, Paulo Jorge (2017). "Troca de Decorações entre os Reis de Portugal e os Imperadores da Rússia" [Exchange of Decorations between the Kings of Portugal and the Emperors of Russia]. Pro Phalaris (in Portuguese). 16: 10. Retrieved 19 March 2020.
^Luigi Cibrario (1869). Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata. Sunto degli statuti, catalogo dei cavalieri. Eredi Botta. p. 116.
^Staatshandbuch für den Freistaat Sachsen: 1865/66. Heinrich. 1866. p. 4.
^"Caballeros de la insigne orden del toisón de oro", Guía Oficial de España (in Spanish), 1864, p. 155, retrieved 10 December 2019
^Sveriges och Norges Statskalender (in Swedish), 1864, p. 422, retrieved 2019-02-20 – via runeberg.org
^Württemberg (1862). Königlich-Württembergisches Hof- und Staats-Handbuch: 1862. Guttenberg. p. 30.
nicholas, alexandrovich, tsesarevich, russia, alexander, succeeded, father, throne, 1894, nicholas, russia, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects. For the son of Alexander III who succeeded his father on the throne in 1894 see Nicholas II of Russia This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article October 2021 Nicholas Alexandrovich Russian Nikolaj Aleksandrovich 20 September O S 8 September 1843 24 April O S 12 April 1865 was tsesarevich the heir apparent of Imperial Russia from 2 March 1855 until his death in 1865 Nicholas AlexandrovichTsesarevich and Grand Duke of RussiaNicholas Alexandrovich c 1864 65Born 1843 09 20 20 September 1843Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireDied24 April 1865 1865 04 24 aged 21 Villa Bermond Nice Second French EmpireBurialPeter and Paul Cathedral St Petersburg Russian EmpireNamesNicholas Alexandrovich RomanovHouseHolstein Gottorp RomanovFatherAlexander II of RussiaMotherMarie of Hesse and by Rhine Contents 1 Early life 2 Engagement 3 Death 4 Honours 5 Ancestry 6 Notes 7 ReferencesEarly life edit nbsp Nicholas with his elder sister Alexandra who died in childhood Grand Duke Nicholas was born on 20 September O S 8 September 1843 in the Alexander Palace in Tsarskoye Selo south of central Saint Petersburg during the reign of his grandfather Emperor Nicholas I Nicknamed Nixa he was the eldest son of the Tsesarevich Alexander Nikolaevich eldest son of Emperor Nicholas I and the Tsesarevna Maria Alexandrovna of Russia In 1855 his paternal grandfather died and his father succeeded to the throne as Emperor Alexander II Nicholas was extremely well educated and intelligent His paternal uncle Grand Duke Konstantin called him the crown of perfection 1 His history teacher said If I succeeded in forming a student equal to Nikolai Alexandrovich once in ten years I d think I d have fulfilled my duties 2 Nicholas had a close relationship with his younger brother Grand Duke Alexander He called Alexander Pug On his deathbed he told his father Papa take care of Sasha he is such an honest good man 3 Engagement edit nbsp Tsesarevich Nicholas with Princess Dagmar of Denmark engagement photograph 1864In the summer of 1864 Nicholas became engaged to Princess Dagmar of Denmark She was the second daughter of King Christian IX of Denmark and Louise of Hesse Kassel and was a younger sister of the Princess of Wales later Queen Alexandra and wife of the heir apparent to the British throne Albert Edward who reigned as Edward VII Nicholas was besotted with Dagmar after he saw a photograph of her On 3 August 1863 he wrote to his mother I haven t fallen in love with anyone for a long time You may laugh but the main reason for this is Dagmar whom I fell in love with long ago without even seeing her I think only about her 4 He was tremendously happy after he proposed to Dagmar in her native Denmark How can I not be happy when my heart tells me I love her love her dearly How can I describe her Pretty direct intelligent lively yet shy 5 As he continued on his European tour he wrote love letters to Dagmar every day Death editUntil 1865 Nicholas was thought to have a strong constitution During a tour in southern Europe he contracted an ailment that was initially incorrectly diagnosed as rheumatism Nicholas s symptoms at that time included back pain and a stiff neck as well as sensitivity to noise and light He thought little of his ailments however and continued his tour in Italy His health rapidly worsened and he was sent to Southern France This move of course brought him no improvement It was eventually determined that he was suffering from cerebro spinal meningitis and it was speculated that this illness of his was caused by a previous accident in a wrestling match in which Nicholas participated and was thrown down 6 In the spring of 1865 Nicholas continued to decline and he died on 24 April 1865 at the Villa Bermond in Nice France On his deathbed Nicholas expressed the wish that his fiancee become the bride of his younger brother and future tsarevich Alexander He raised his right hand and took Sasha s Alexander s hand and seemed to be reaching for Princess Dagmar s with his left 7 In 1866 Alexander and Dagmar married 8 Nicholas s death at the early age of 21 thoroughly devastated his mother who was said to have pored obsessively over all aspects of Nicholas s life Empress Maria never recovered from his death In 1867 construction was begun on a chapel named in his honor fr Chapelle du tsarevitch Nicolas Alexandrovitch in Nice on the exact place where Nicholas was said to have died and in 1868 the chapel was inaugurated with his brother Alexander and his wife the re christened Maria Feodorovna in attendance Honours edit nbsp Russian Empire 9 Knight of St Andrew 1843 Knight of St Alexander Nevsky 1843 Knight of the White Eagle 1843 Knight of St Anna 1st Class 1843 nbsp Austrian Empire Grand Cross of St Stephen 1860 10 nbsp Baden 11 Knight of the House Order of Fidelity 1857 Grand Cross of the Zahringer Lion 1857 nbsp Kingdom of Bavaria Knight of St Hubert 1859 12 nbsp Belgium Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold military 28 August 1859 13 nbsp Denmark Knight of the Elephant 20 September 1859 14 nbsp French Empire Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour 20 September 1859 15 nbsp Kingdom of Hanover 16 Knight of St George 1859 Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order 1859 nbsp Grand Duchy of Hesse Grand Cross of the Ludwig Order 5 March 1855 17 nbsp Oldenburg Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig with Golden Crown 20 September 1859 18 nbsp Kingdom of Portugal Grand Cross of the Tower and Sword 26 October 1859 19 nbsp Kingdom of Sardinia Knight of the Annunciation 20 February 1859 20 nbsp Kingdom of Saxony Knight of the Rue Crown 1859 21 nbsp Spain Knight of the Golden Fleece 10 February 1857 22 nbsp nbsp Sweden Norway Knight of the Seraphim 20 September 1859 23 nbsp Wurttemberg Grand Cross of the Wurttemberg Crown 1861 24 Ancestry editAncestors of Nicholas Alexandrovich Tsesarevich of Russia8 Paul I of Russia4 Nicholas I of Russia9 Duchess Sophie Dorothea of Wurttemburg2 Alexander II of Russia10 Frederick William III of Prussia5 Princess Charlotte of Prussia11 Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg Strelitz1 Nicholas Alexandrovich Tsarevich of Russia12 Louis I Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine6 Louis II Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine13 Princess Louise of Hesse Darmstadt3 Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine14 Charles Louis Hereditary Prince of Baden7 Princess Wilhelmine of Baden15 Princess Amalie of Hesse DarmstadtNotes edit Simon Sebag Montefiore The Romanovs p 402 Simon Sebag Montefiore The Romanovs p 402 Simon Sebag Montefiore The Romanovs p 404 Simon Sebag Montefiore The Romanovs p 402 The Romanovs p 403 F R Graham 1883 Life of Alexander II Emperor of All the Russias London p 180 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Simon Sebag Montefiore The Romanovs p 404 Med Guds Nade WI ALEXANDER II Finlands Allmanna Tidning in Swedish Helsinki Grand Duchy of Finland 104 1 6 May 1865 Archived from the original on July 22 2011 Retrieved 10 February 2009 Russian Imperial Army Grand Duke Nikolai Alexandrovich of Russia In Russian A Szent Istvan Rend tagjai Archived 22 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine Hof und Staats Handbuch des Grossherzogtum Baden 1862 Grossherzogliche Orden pp 33 45 Bayern 1864 Hof und Staatshandbuch des Konigreichs Bayern 1864 Landesamt p 10 Liste des Membres de l Ordre de Leopold Almanach Royal Officiel in French 1863 p 52 via Archives de Bruxelles Bille Hansen A C Holck Harald eds 1864 1st pub 1801 Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1864 State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1864 PDF Kongelig Dansk Hof og Statskalender in Danish Copenhagen J H Schultz A S Universitetsbogtrykkeri p 4 Retrieved 16 September 2019 via da DIS Danmark M amp B Wattel 2009 Les Grand Croix de la Legion d honneur de 1805 a nos jours Titulaires francais et etrangers Paris Archives amp Culture p 515 ISBN 978 2 35077 135 9 Staat Hannover 1864 Hof und Staatshandbuch fur das Konigreich Hannover 1864 Berenberg pp 38 79 Hessen Darmstadt 1864 Hof und Staatshandbuch des Grossherzogtums Hessen fur das Jahr 1864 Staatsverl p 10 Staat Oldenburg 1864 Hof und Staatshandbuch des Grossherzogtums Oldenburg fur 1864 Schulze p 26 Braganca Jose Vicente de Estrela Paulo Jorge 2017 Troca de Decoracoes entre os Reis de Portugal e os Imperadores da Russia Exchange of Decorations between the Kings of Portugal and the Emperors of Russia Pro Phalaris in Portuguese 16 10 Retrieved 19 March 2020 Luigi Cibrario 1869 Notizia storica del nobilissimo ordine supremo della santissima Annunziata Sunto degli statuti catalogo dei cavalieri Eredi Botta p 116 Staatshandbuch fur den Freistaat Sachsen 1865 66 Heinrich 1866 p 4 Caballeros de la insigne orden del toison de oro Guia Oficial de Espana in Spanish 1864 p 155 retrieved 10 December 2019 Sveriges och Norges Statskalender in Swedish 1864 p 422 retrieved 2019 02 20 via runeberg org Wurttemberg 1862 Koniglich Wurttembergisches Hof und Staats Handbuch 1862 Guttenberg p 30 References editZeepvat Charlotte Romanov Autumn Sutton Publishing 2000 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nicholas Alexandrovich Tsesarevich of Russia amp oldid 1181807618, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
