Neurotrophic factor receptors or neurotrophin receptors are a group of growth factor receptors which specifically bind to neurotrophins (neurotrophic factors).
Two classes of neurotrophic factor receptors are the p75 and the "Trk" families of Tyrosine kinases receptors.
p75 is a low affinity neurotrophin receptor, to which all neurotrophins bind. It is a member of the tumour necrosis super family. In some contexts, the phrase "x" only applies to this receptor.[1]
The Trk family include TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, and will only bind with specific neurotrophins, but with a much higher affinity. The Trks mediate the functional signals of the neurotrophins.
NGF binds to TrkA, BDNF and NT-4 bind to TrkB and NT-3 binds to TrkC. In addition NT-3 also binds to and activates TrkA and TrkB but it does so less efficiently.
Whilst the Trk receptors have a clearly defined trophic role, p75 receptors activate signalling pathways which can also result in apoptosis.
The Low affinity nerve growth factor receptor commonly known as "p75", can signal for apoptosis or promote neuronal survival. Neurotrophins that interact with p75NTR include NGF, NT-3, BDNF, and NT-4/5.[2] Neurotrophins activating p75NTR may initiate apoptosis (for example, via c-Jun N-terminal kinases signaling), and this effect can be counteracted by anti-apoptotic signaling by TrkA.[3] Neurotrophin binding to p75NTR can promote neuronal survival (for example, via NF-kB activation).[4]
Although NGF has been classically described as promoting neuron survival and differentiation, research performed in the early 2000s suggest that NGF with its prodomain attached (proNGF) can elicit apoptosis of cells that are positive for the LNGFR and negative for TrkA.[5]
Secreted proNGF has been demonstrated in a variety of neuronal and non-neuronal cell populations. It has been proposed that secreted proNGF can elicit neuron death in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer's disease, following the observation of an increase of proNGF in the nucleus basalis of postmortem Alzheimer's brains [citation needed].
Referencesedit
^Nerve+Growth+Factor+Receptor+p75 at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^Bibel, M.; Hoppe, E.; Barde, Y. A. (1999). "Biochemical and functional interactions between the neurotrophin receptors TRK and p75NTR". The EMBO Journal. 18 (3): 616–22. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.3.616. PMC1171154. PMID 9927421.
^Becker, E. B.; Howell, J.; Kodama, Y.; Barker, P. A.; Bonni, A. (2004). "Characterization of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase-BimEL signaling pathway in neuronal apoptosis". The Journal of Neuroscience. 24 (40): 8762–70. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2953-04.2004. PMC6729963. PMID 15470142.
^Hamanoue, M.; Middleton, G.; Wyatt, S.; Jaffray, E.; Hay, R. T.; Davies, A. M. (1999). "P75-mediated NF-kappaB activation enhances the survival response of developing sensory neurons to nerve growth factor". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 14 (1): 28–40. doi:10.1006/mcne.1999.0770. PMID 10433815. S2CID 25648122.
^Ibáñez C (2002). "Jekyll-Hyde neurotrophins: the story of proNGF". Trends Neurosci. 25 (6): 284–6. doi:10.1016/S0166-2236(02)02169-0. PMID 12086739. S2CID 9449831.
Further readingedit
Review papers offer overviews and drawings of p75NTR pathways.[1][2]
External linksedit
Nerve+Growth+Factor+Receptors at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
^Reichardt, L. F. (2006). "Neurotrophin-regulated signalling pathways". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 361 (1473): 1545–64. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1894. PMC1664664. PMID 16939974.
^Kalb, R. (2005). "The protean actions of neurotrophins and their receptors on the life and death of neurons". Trends in Neurosciences. 28 (1): 5–11. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.11.003. PMID 15626491. S2CID 8468230.
January 01, 1970
neurotrophic, factor, receptor, neurotrophin, receptors, group, growth, factor, receptors, which, specifically, bind, neurotrophins, neurotrophic, factors, classes, neurotrophic, factor, receptors, families, tyrosine, kinases, receptors, affinity, neurotrophin. Neurotrophic factor receptors or neurotrophin receptors are a group of growth factor receptors which specifically bind to neurotrophins neurotrophic factors Two classes of neurotrophic factor receptors are the p75 and the Trk families of Tyrosine kinases receptors p75 is a low affinity neurotrophin receptor to which all neurotrophins bind It is a member of the tumour necrosis super family In some contexts the phrase x only applies to this receptor 1 The Trk family include TrkA TrkB and TrkC and will only bind with specific neurotrophins but with a much higher affinity The Trks mediate the functional signals of the neurotrophins NGF binds to TrkA BDNF and NT 4 bind to TrkB and NT 3 binds to TrkC In addition NT 3 also binds to and activates TrkA and TrkB but it does so less efficiently Whilst the Trk receptors have a clearly defined trophic role p75 receptors activate signalling pathways which can also result in apoptosis Contents 1 TrkA B and C receptors 2 p75NTR receptor 3 References 4 Further reading 5 External linksTrkA B and C receptors editTrkA mediates its actions by causing the addition of phosphate molecules on certain tyrosines in the cell activating cellular signaling There are other related Trk receptors TrkB and TrkC and there are other neurotrophic factors structurally related to NGF BDNF NT 3 and NT 4 TrkA mediates the effects of NGF TrkB binds and is activated by BDNF NT 4 and NT 3 TrkC binds and is activated only by NT 3p75NTR receptor editThe Low affinity nerve growth factor receptor commonly known as p75 can signal for apoptosis or promote neuronal survival Neurotrophins that interact with p75NTR include NGF NT 3 BDNF and NT 4 5 2 Neurotrophins activating p75NTR may initiate apoptosis for example via c Jun N terminal kinases signaling and this effect can be counteracted by anti apoptotic signaling by TrkA 3 Neurotrophin binding to p75NTR can promote neuronal survival for example via NF kB activation 4 Although NGF has been classically described as promoting neuron survival and differentiation research performed in the early 2000s suggest that NGF with its prodomain attached proNGF can elicit apoptosis of cells that are positive for the LNGFR and negative for TrkA 5 Secreted proNGF has been demonstrated in a variety of neuronal and non neuronal cell populations It has been proposed that secreted proNGF can elicit neuron death in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions including Alzheimer s disease following the observation of an increase of proNGF in the nucleus basalis of postmortem Alzheimer s brains citation needed References edit Nerve Growth Factor Receptor p75 at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH Bibel M Hoppe E Barde Y A 1999 Biochemical and functional interactions between the neurotrophin receptors TRK and p75NTR The EMBO Journal 18 3 616 22 doi 10 1093 emboj 18 3 616 PMC 1171154 PMID 9927421 Becker E B Howell J Kodama Y Barker P A Bonni A 2004 Characterization of the c Jun N terminal kinase BimEL signaling pathway in neuronal apoptosis The Journal of Neuroscience 24 40 8762 70 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 2953 04 2004 PMC 6729963 PMID 15470142 Hamanoue M Middleton G Wyatt S Jaffray E Hay R T Davies A M 1999 P75 mediated NF kappaB activation enhances the survival response of developing sensory neurons to nerve growth factor Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences 14 1 28 40 doi 10 1006 mcne 1999 0770 PMID 10433815 S2CID 25648122 Ibanez C 2002 Jekyll Hyde neurotrophins the story of proNGF Trends Neurosci 25 6 284 6 doi 10 1016 S0166 2236 02 02169 0 PMID 12086739 S2CID 9449831 Further reading editReview papers offer overviews and drawings of p75NTR pathways 1 2 External links editNerve Growth Factor Receptors at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH Reichardt L F 2006 Neurotrophin regulated signalling pathways Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 361 1473 1545 64 doi 10 1098 rstb 2006 1894 PMC 1664664 PMID 16939974 Kalb R 2005 The protean actions of neurotrophins and their receptors on the life and death of neurons Trends in Neurosciences 28 1 5 11 doi 10 1016 j tins 2004 11 003 PMID 15626491 S2CID 8468230 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Neurotrophic factor receptor amp oldid 1002274151, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
