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Nerikare

February 22, 2023

Nerikare was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period. According to the Egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker, he was the third king of the dynasty, reigning for a short time in 1796 BC.[2][3] Alternatively Jürgen von Beckerath sees Nerikare as the twenty-third king of the 13th Dynasty, reigning after Sehetepkare Intef.[5][6]

Nerikare
Nerkare, [Kheper?]kare, Djefakare
Drawing of the text on the stele of Nerikare discovered in Thebes by Karl Richard Lepsius, now lost.[1]
Pharaoh
Reign1796 BC [2] (13th Dynasty)
PredecessorSonbef (Ryholt), Sehetepkare Intef (von Beckerath)
SuccessorAmenemhat V (Ryholt), Hotepkare (von Beckerath)
Royal titulary

Attestations

Nerikare is known primarily from a single stele dated to year 1 of his reign.[2] The stele was published in 1897 but is now lost.[1][3]

In addition, the prenomen of a king who could be Nerikare is attested on a Nile record from Semna, near the second cataract of the Nile in Nubia. The record is dated to the first regnal year of this king, whose name was read as "Djefakare" by egyptologists F. Hintze and W. F. Reineke.[7] Kim Ryholt however notes that the prenomen was misread by the discoverers of the record with Gardiner's sign G14 nry, representing a vulture, mistaken for the sign G42 representing a duck and reading ḏf3.[2][3] Thus, Ryholt and others, such as Darrell Baker, now reads the name as "Nerikare".[2][3]

Chronological position

Ryholt points out that known Nile records, which are similar to the one he attributes to Nerikare, all date to the time period from the late 12th to early 13th dynasties. He thus concludes that Nerikare too must have been a king of this time period, and since "Nerikare" does not appear on the Turin canon, Ryholt proposes that he was mentioned in the wsf lacuna affecting the third king of the dynasty in the Turin canon (column 7, line 6). A wsf (literally "missing") lacuna signals a lacuna in the document from which the Turin canon was copied in Ramesside times. This would establish Nerikare as the third king of the dynasty, although the lacuna might have comprised two kings and Nerikare could possibly be the fourth ruler, following an unknown king.[2] The duration of Nerikare's reign is reported as exactly 6 years on the Turin canon, however Ryholt has shown that this is true for all kings marked as wsf and that this figure was likely inserted by the author of the king list in order to avoid chronological gaps.[2] Instead, Ryholt proposes that Nerikare reigned for only 1 year. Furthermore, the existence of a Nile record dated to his first regnal year indicates that he accessed the throne at the beginning of a calendar year, before the season of inundation during which such records were inscribed.[8]

Nomen

In his 1997 study of the second intermediate period, Kim Ryholt proposes that Nerikare's nomen may have been "Sobek". This nomen appears on three seals, which can be dated to the 13th dynasty, before Sobekhotep III. Since the nomina of all but two kings of this period are known, he argues that only Nerikare or Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw might have borne this nomen.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Karl Richard Lepsius: Denkmaler Abtheilung II Band IV Available online see p. 152; Lepsius: Denkmaler, Text, I (1897) 15
  2. ^ a b c d e f g K.S.B. Ryholt: The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period, c. 1800 – 1550 BC, Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications, vol. 20. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, 1997
  3. ^ a b c d e Darrell D. Baker: The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs: Volume I - Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300–1069 BC, Stacey International, ISBN 978-1-905299-37-9, 2008, p. 278
  4. ^ a b See Ryholt, note 89 p.34
  5. ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der Zweiten Zwischenzeit in Ägypten, Glückstadt, 1964
  6. ^ Jürgen von Beckerath: Chronologie des pharaonischen Ägyptens, Münchner Ägyptologische Studien 46. Mainz am Rhein, 1997
  7. ^ F. Hintze and W. F. Reineke: Felsinschriften aus dem sudanesischen Nubien, Publikation der Nubien-Expedition, 1961–1963 I; Berlin 1989
  8. ^ See Ryholt, p. 321

February 22, 2023
nerikare, egyptian, pharaoh, 13th, dynasty, during, second, intermediate, period, according, egyptologists, ryholt, darrell, baker, third, king, dynasty, reigning, short, time, 1796, alternatively, jürgen, beckerath, sees, twenty, third, king, 13th, dynasty, r. Nerikare was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period According to the Egyptologists Kim Ryholt and Darrell Baker he was the third king of the dynasty reigning for a short time in 1796 BC 2 3 Alternatively Jurgen von Beckerath sees Nerikare as the twenty third king of the 13th Dynasty reigning after Sehetepkare Intef 5 6 NerikareNerkare Kheper kare DjefakareDrawing of the text on the stele of Nerikare discovered in Thebes by Karl Richard Lepsius now lost 1 PharaohReign1796 BC 2 13th Dynasty PredecessorSonbef Ryholt Sehetepkare Intef von Beckerath SuccessorAmenemhat V Ryholt Hotepkare von Beckerath Royal titulary Contents 1 Attestations 2 Chronological position 3 Nomen 4 ReferencesAttestations EditNerikare is known primarily from a single stele dated to year 1 of his reign 2 The stele was published in 1897 but is now lost 1 3 In addition the prenomen of a king who could be Nerikare is attested on a Nile record from Semna near the second cataract of the Nile in Nubia The record is dated to the first regnal year of this king whose name was read as Djefakare by egyptologists F Hintze and W F Reineke 7 Kim Ryholt however notes that the prenomen was misread by the discoverers of the record with Gardiner s sign G14 nry representing a vulture mistaken for the sign G42 representing a duck and reading ḏf3 2 3 Thus Ryholt and others such as Darrell Baker now reads the name as Nerikare 2 3 Chronological position EditRyholt points out that known Nile records which are similar to the one he attributes to Nerikare all date to the time period from the late 12th to early 13th dynasties He thus concludes that Nerikare too must have been a king of this time period and since Nerikare does not appear on the Turin canon Ryholt proposes that he was mentioned in the wsf lacuna affecting the third king of the dynasty in the Turin canon column 7 line 6 A wsf literally missing lacuna signals a lacuna in the document from which the Turin canon was copied in Ramesside times This would establish Nerikare as the third king of the dynasty although the lacuna might have comprised two kings and Nerikare could possibly be the fourth ruler following an unknown king 2 The duration of Nerikare s reign is reported as exactly 6 years on the Turin canon however Ryholt has shown that this is true for all kings marked as wsf and that this figure was likely inserted by the author of the king list in order to avoid chronological gaps 2 Instead Ryholt proposes that Nerikare reigned for only 1 year Furthermore the existence of a Nile record dated to his first regnal year indicates that he accessed the throne at the beginning of a calendar year before the season of inundation during which such records were inscribed 8 Nomen EditIn his 1997 study of the second intermediate period Kim Ryholt proposes that Nerikare s nomen may have been Sobek This nomen appears on three seals which can be dated to the 13th dynasty before Sobekhotep III Since the nomina of all but two kings of this period are known he argues that only Nerikare or Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw might have borne this nomen 4 References Edit a b Karl Richard Lepsius Denkmaler Abtheilung II Band IV Available online see p 152 Lepsius Denkmaler Text I 1897 15 a b c d e f g K S B Ryholt The Political Situation in Egypt during the Second Intermediate Period c 1800 1550 BC Carsten Niebuhr Institute Publications vol 20 Copenhagen Museum Tusculanum Press 1997 a b c d e Darrell D Baker The Encyclopedia of the Pharaohs Volume I Predynastic to the Twentieth Dynasty 3300 1069 BC Stacey International ISBN 978 1 905299 37 9 2008 p 278 a b See Ryholt note 89 p 34 Jurgen von Beckerath Untersuchungen zur politischen Geschichte der Zweiten Zwischenzeit in Agypten Gluckstadt 1964 Jurgen von Beckerath Chronologie des pharaonischen Agyptens Munchner Agyptologische Studien 46 Mainz am Rhein 1997 F Hintze and W F Reineke Felsinschriften aus dem sudanesischen Nubien Publikation der Nubien Expedition 1961 1963 I Berlin 1989 See Ryholt p 321 Preceded bySonbef Pharaoh of EgyptThirteenth Dynasty Succeeded byAmenemhat V Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nerikare amp oldid 1095078353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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