The National Movement of the Revolution (French: Mouvement national de la révolution, abbreviated MNR) was a political party in the Republic of the Congo. MNR was founded at a congress held June 29 to July 6, 1964. MNR was instituted as the sole legal political party in the country on July 20, 1964, according to the Law No. 25-65.[1] Pre-existing political parties were ordered to fuse into the MNR.[2] MNR adopted scientific socialism as its ideological foundation.[3]Ambroise Noumazalaye was the First Secretary of the party.[4]
MNR was a mass party. It had two central leading organs, a Central Committee and a Political Bureau. The Political Bureau executed the decisions of the Central Committee. It also gave the President approval regarding the appointment of ministers in the government of the Republic.[1] The leftwing faction of party was based in the northern areas of the country.[2] MNR published the journal Etumba.[5]
In August 1964, a founding congress of the Youth of the National Movement of the Revolution (JMNR) was held. JMNR soon went beyond the control of the party, and on June 20, 1965 a new paramilitary structure National Civilian Defense Corps (Defense civile) was formed. The Defense civile was put under the direct control of the MNR.[1]
In the summer of 1966 MNR moved to politicize the armed forces. A law was passed on June 22, 1966, which transformed the Congolese Armed Forces into the National People's Army (APN). A High Command of the APN was formed jointly by the government and the MNR. The High Command was led by a political commission, consisting of civilians and led by an officer party member. The lieutenant Marien Ngouabi, later the president of the country, became the APN representative in the MNR Central Committee.[6]
In the same year 1966 a political dispute erupted between the President Alphonse Massamba-Débat and the leftwing of the MNR. As a result, in the summer of 1967 a Permanent Commission of the MNR was formed. The task of the Permanent Commission was to control the day-to-day work of the government.[7]
In December 1969 MNR was substituted by a new party, the Congolese Party of Labour (PCT). PCT based itself on the MNR charter from 1966, but unlike MNR, PCT was a vanguard party.[8]
^ abcBazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. pp. 105-106
^ abNohlen, Dieter, Michael Krennerich, and Bernhard Thibaut. Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. p. 260
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 133
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 109
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 439
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 129
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 114
^Bazenguissa-Ganga, Rémy. Les voies du politique au Congo: essai de sociologie historique. Paris: Karthala, 1997. p. 159
May 13, 2024
national, movement, revolution, french, mouvement, national, révolution, abbreviated, political, party, republic, congo, founded, congress, held, june, july, 1964, instituted, sole, legal, political, party, country, july, 1964, according, existing, political, . The National Movement of the Revolution French Mouvement national de la revolution abbreviated MNR was a political party in the Republic of the Congo MNR was founded at a congress held June 29 to July 6 1964 MNR was instituted as the sole legal political party in the country on July 20 1964 according to the Law No 25 65 1 Pre existing political parties were ordered to fuse into the MNR 2 MNR adopted scientific socialism as its ideological foundation 3 Ambroise Noumazalaye was the First Secretary of the party 4 National Movement of the Revolution Mouvement national de la revolutionFirst SecretaryAmbroise NoumazalayeFounded29 June 1964Dissolved29 December 1969NewspaperEtumbaYouth wingYouth of the National Movement of the RevolutionIdeologyScientific socialismPolitical partiesElections MNR was a mass party It had two central leading organs a Central Committee and a Political Bureau The Political Bureau executed the decisions of the Central Committee It also gave the President approval regarding the appointment of ministers in the government of the Republic 1 The leftwing faction of party was based in the northern areas of the country 2 MNR published the journal Etumba 5 In August 1964 a founding congress of the Youth of the National Movement of the Revolution JMNR was held JMNR soon went beyond the control of the party and on June 20 1965 a new paramilitary structure National Civilian Defense Corps Defense civile was formed The Defense civile was put under the direct control of the MNR 1 In the summer of 1966 MNR moved to politicize the armed forces A law was passed on June 22 1966 which transformed the Congolese Armed Forces into the National People s Army APN A High Command of the APN was formed jointly by the government and the MNR The High Command was led by a political commission consisting of civilians and led by an officer party member The lieutenant Marien Ngouabi later the president of the country became the APN representative in the MNR Central Committee 6 In the same year 1966 a political dispute erupted between the President Alphonse Massamba Debat and the leftwing of the MNR As a result in the summer of 1967 a Permanent Commission of the MNR was formed The task of the Permanent Commission was to control the day to day work of the government 7 In December 1969 MNR was substituted by a new party the Congolese Party of Labour PCT PCT based itself on the MNR charter from 1966 but unlike MNR PCT was a vanguard party 8 Contents 1 Electoral history 1 1 Presidential elections 1 2 National Assembly elections 2 See also 3 ReferencesElectoral history editPresidential elections edit Election Party candidate Votes Result 1963 Alphonse Massamba Debat 1 078 100 Elected nbsp Y National Assembly elections edit Election Party leader Votes Seats Position Result 1963 Alphonse Massamba Debat 439 635 100 55 55 nbsp 55 nbsp 1st Sole legal partySee also editCold War in the Third World People s Republic of the CongoReferences edit a b c Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 pp 105 106 a b Nohlen Dieter Michael Krennerich and Bernhard Thibaut Elections in Africa A Data Handbook Oxford Oxford University Press 1999 p 260 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 133 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 109 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 439 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 129 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 114 Bazenguissa Ganga Remy Les voies du politique au Congo essai de sociologie historique Paris Karthala 1997 p 159 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title National Movement of the Revolution amp oldid 1170712781, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
