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Nathaniel Gage

April 11, 2024

Nathaniel Lees Gage (August 1, 1917 – August 17, 2008) was an American educational psychologist who made significant contributions to a scientific understanding of teaching. He conceived and edited the first Handbook of Research on Teaching (Gage, 1963), led the Stanford Center for Research and Development of Teaching, and served as president of the American Educational Research Association. Gage was a professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Education, where he moved in 1962 after 14 years at the University of Illinois. Deborah Stipek, dean of the Stanford School of Education, called Gage a "giant among educational researchers."[1] David C. Berliner, Regents' Professor of Education at Arizona State University, called Gage "the father of the field of research on teaching."[2]

Education edit

Nathaniel Lees Gewirtz was born in Union City, New Jersey in 1917, his mother and father were both Polish immigrants; his eventual name change is explained below. Gage graduated from high school in 1934, which was during the Great Depression. He attended the City College of New York and the University of Minnesota. At the University of Minnesota, he worked in the laboratory of B.F. Skinner, who later became famous for his contributions to the theory of behaviorism. Gewirtz's duties included making food pellets used to reinforce the behavior of Skinner's laboratory rats. B.F. Skinner would later publish his theory, including the previous trials of laboratory rats, in numerous journals, including "The Experimental Analysis Of Behavior."[3]

Gewirtz graduated magna cum laude in 1938 with a bachelor's degree in psychology, but was rejected by 10 graduate schools before being admitted to Purdue University. According to David Berliner, the many rejections were due to anti-Semitism.[4] Gewirtz then changed his last name to Gage.

During World War II, Gage spent two years in the Army, where he joined the aviation psychology program and he developed aptitude tests for choosing navigators and radar observers.[1] Gage earned a Ph.D. in psychology from Purdue University in 1947 after returning to the University in 1945.

Academic career edit

Gage taught at Purdue for a year, and at the University of Illinois for 14 years. In 1962, Gage became a professor at Stanford University, where he remained until his death. In 1965, Gage co-founded the Stanford Center for the Research and Development in Teaching (now known as the Center for Educational Research at Stanford), funded with a $4 million federal grant.

Gage said that teaching should not only be effective but also respected, according to his colleagues. The way to achieve both of these aspects, according to Gage, was through science. "Teaching is properly done by hunch, by intuition, by experience, by ideology; what it also needs is a basis in scientific research," he explained back in 1987 in his interview for the Stanford News Service.[5]

Gage edited the Handbook of Research on Teaching (1963), and wrote The Scientific Basis of the Art of Teaching (1978) and Hard Gains in the Soft Sciences (1985). His books has been added to numerous Educational Psychology writings." He also contributed numerous research articles in journals throughout the field, including "Confronting Counsels of Despair for the Behavioral Sciences,"[6] which was first published in April of 1996. He was even published in the Journal of Educational Psychology of the American Psychological Association in March 1955 in a journal titled "Pupils' values and the validity of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory."[7] He is also referenced in numerous courses across America, including one such as AIU, also known as the Atlantic International University.[8]

Upon his retirement from active teaching in 1987, Gage became a professor emeritus, and still worked at his office five days a week. From 1987 through 2008, he wrote at least three books and more than 20 articles. He completed his last book, A Conception of Teaching, shortly before his death.

His many honors include a Guggenheim fellowship (1976-1977), election to the National Academy of Education (1979), the E.L. Thorndike Award for Career Achievement in Educational Psychology (1986), and an honorary doctorate from the Université de Liège in Belgium (2001).

Gage passed away on Aug. 21st, 2008, at a hospital at the age of 91. At the hospital, he received surgery to remove a blot clot after a head injury from a fall.[9]

Family edit

Gage married Margaret "Maggie" Burrows Gage in 1942. They had four children.[4] Margaret "Maggie" Burrows Gage passed two years before Nathaniel in 2006.

References edit

  1. ^ a b Sullivan, Kathleen (2008-08-22). "Nathaniel Gage, 'giant among educational researchers,' dead at 91". Stanford News Service. from the original on 2012-02-14. Retrieved 2008-09-05.
  2. ^ Gage, Nathaniel L. (10 December 2008). A Conception of Teaching. ISBN 978-0387849317.
  3. ^ SKINNER, B. F. (1957). "The Experimental Analysis of Behavior". American Scientist. 45 (4): 343–371. ISSN 0003-0996. JSTOR 27826953.
  4. ^ a b Berliner, David C. (2004). "Toiling in Pasteur's quadrant: The contributions of N.L. Gage to educational psychology" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-08. Retrieved 2008-09-09. A slightly different version of this article appeared in B.J. Zimmerman and D.H. Schuck (Eds.) (2003) Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions (pp. 391-407) Mahwah, N.J. USA: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
  5. ^ "Nathaniel Gage, 'giant among educational researchers,' dead at 91". news.stanford.edu. 23 January 2023.
  6. ^ Gage, N. L. (April 1996). "Confronting Counsels of Despair for the Behavioral Sciences". Educational Researcher. 25 (3): 5–22. doi:10.3102/0013189X025003005. S2CID 145137953.
  7. ^ Della Piana, G. M.; Gage, N. L. (1955). "Pupils' values and the validity of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory". Journal of Educational Psychology. 46 (3): 167–178. doi:10.1037/h0048951.
  8. ^ "EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY" (PDF). American International University. Atlantic International University.
  9. ^ "Nathaniel Gage, 'giant among educational researchers,' dead at 91". news.stanford.edu. 23 January 2023.

Further reading edit

  • Gage, N. L. (1963). The handbook of research on teaching. Chicago, IL, USA: Rand McNally.
Educational offices
Preceded by
Walter W. Cook
 President of the

American Educational Research Association
1963–1964

Succeeded by

April 11, 2024
nathaniel, gage, nathaniel, lees, gage, august, 1917, august, 2008, american, educational, psychologist, made, significant, contributions, scientific, understanding, teaching, conceived, edited, first, handbook, research, teaching, gage, 1963, stanford, center. Nathaniel Lees Gage August 1 1917 August 17 2008 was an American educational psychologist who made significant contributions to a scientific understanding of teaching He conceived and edited the first Handbook of Research on Teaching Gage 1963 led the Stanford Center for Research and Development of Teaching and served as president of the American Educational Research Association Gage was a professor at the Stanford Graduate School of Education where he moved in 1962 after 14 years at the University of Illinois Deborah Stipek dean of the Stanford School of Education called Gage a giant among educational researchers 1 David C Berliner Regents Professor of Education at Arizona State University called Gage the father of the field of research on teaching 2 Contents 1 Education 2 Academic career 3 Family 4 References 5 Further readingEducation editNathaniel Lees Gewirtz was born in Union City New Jersey in 1917 his mother and father were both Polish immigrants his eventual name change is explained below Gage graduated from high school in 1934 which was during the Great Depression He attended the City College of New York and the University of Minnesota At the University of Minnesota he worked in the laboratory of B F Skinner who later became famous for his contributions to the theory of behaviorism Gewirtz s duties included making food pellets used to reinforce the behavior of Skinner s laboratory rats B F Skinner would later publish his theory including the previous trials of laboratory rats in numerous journals including The Experimental Analysis Of Behavior 3 Gewirtz graduated magna cum laude in 1938 with a bachelor s degree in psychology but was rejected by 10 graduate schools before being admitted to Purdue University According to David Berliner the many rejections were due to anti Semitism 4 Gewirtz then changed his last name to Gage During World War II Gage spent two years in the Army where he joined the aviation psychology program and he developed aptitude tests for choosing navigators and radar observers 1 Gage earned a Ph D in psychology from Purdue University in 1947 after returning to the University in 1945 Academic career editGage taught at Purdue for a year and at the University of Illinois for 14 years In 1962 Gage became a professor at Stanford University where he remained until his death In 1965 Gage co founded the Stanford Center for the Research and Development in Teaching now known as the Center for Educational Research at Stanford funded with a 4 million federal grant Gage said that teaching should not only be effective but also respected according to his colleagues The way to achieve both of these aspects according to Gage was through science Teaching is properly done by hunch by intuition by experience by ideology what it also needs is a basis in scientific research he explained back in 1987 in his interview for the Stanford News Service 5 Gage edited the Handbook of Research on Teaching 1963 and wrote The Scientific Basis of the Art of Teaching 1978 and Hard Gains in the Soft Sciences 1985 His books has been added to numerous Educational Psychology writings He also contributed numerous research articles in journals throughout the field including Confronting Counsels of Despair for the Behavioral Sciences 6 which was first published in April of 1996 He was even published in the Journal of Educational Psychology of the American Psychological Association in March 1955 in a journal titled Pupils values and the validity of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory 7 He is also referenced in numerous courses across America including one such as AIU also known as the Atlantic International University 8 Upon his retirement from active teaching in 1987 Gage became a professor emeritus and still worked at his office five days a week From 1987 through 2008 he wrote at least three books and more than 20 articles He completed his last book A Conception of Teaching shortly before his death His many honors include a Guggenheim fellowship 1976 1977 election to the National Academy of Education 1979 the E L Thorndike Award for Career Achievement in Educational Psychology 1986 and an honorary doctorate from the Universite de Liege in Belgium 2001 Gage passed away on Aug 21st 2008 at a hospital at the age of 91 At the hospital he received surgery to remove a blot clot after a head injury from a fall 9 Family editGage married Margaret Maggie Burrows Gage in 1942 They had four children 4 Margaret Maggie Burrows Gage passed two years before Nathaniel in 2006 References edit a b Sullivan Kathleen 2008 08 22 Nathaniel Gage giant among educational researchers dead at 91 Stanford News Service Archived from the original on 2012 02 14 Retrieved 2008 09 05 Gage Nathaniel L 10 December 2008 A Conception of Teaching ISBN 978 0387849317 SKINNER B F 1957 The Experimental Analysis of Behavior American Scientist 45 4 343 371 ISSN 0003 0996 JSTOR 27826953 a b Berliner David C 2004 Toiling in Pasteur s quadrant The contributions of N L Gage to educational psychology PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2008 09 08 Retrieved 2008 09 09 A slightly different version of this article appeared in B J Zimmerman and D H Schuck Eds 2003 Educational Psychology A Century of Contributions pp 391 407 Mahwah N J USA Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Nathaniel Gage giant among educational researchers dead at 91 news stanford edu 23 January 2023 Gage N L April 1996 Confronting Counsels of Despair for the Behavioral Sciences Educational Researcher 25 3 5 22 doi 10 3102 0013189X025003005 S2CID 145137953 Della Piana G M Gage N L 1955 Pupils values and the validity of the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory Journal of Educational Psychology 46 3 167 178 doi 10 1037 h0048951 EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY PDF American International University Atlantic International University Nathaniel Gage giant among educational researchers dead at 91 news stanford edu 23 January 2023 Further reading editGage N L 1963 The handbook of research on teaching Chicago IL USA Rand McNally Educational officesPreceded byWalter W Cook President of the American Educational Research Association 1963 1964 Succeeded byLee Cronbach Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nathaniel Gage amp oldid 1217842098, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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