The Nanchang J-12 (Chinese: 歼-12) was a lightweight supersonicfighter built by the People's Republic of China, intended for use by the People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF). It was one of the first serious attempts by Chinese aircraft manufacturers to develop an indigenous, modern jet fighter. Weighing 3,172 kg (6,993 lb) empty, the J-12 is one of the lightest jet fighters ever built. However, neither the J-12 nor the related Shenyang J-13 project entered service.
In 1969, the PLAAF issued an order to build a small, inexpensive, STOL (short takeoff and landing) lightweight fighter in order to replace the MiG-19.[1] Two designs were submitted, namely the Shenyang J-11 and the Nanchang J-12. Prototypes of the J-12 were designed by Lu Xiaopeng and built by the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company (NAMC). The J-12 was a small single-seat jet fighter with low-set, swept wings, swept control surfaces, tubular fuselage, and nose intake with small or absent shock cone and flight testing began on 26 December 1970. Due to less than satisfactory performance, three additional J-12I prototypes were built with improvements such as simplified control surfaces, a lighter area ruled fuselage, and revised intake. [2]
In 1977 the development of J-12 was abandoned, due to inadequate firepower and engine thrust and also likely due to the introduction of the Chengdu J-7, that offered superior performance and was based on the SovietMiG-21F.[2]
The J-12 prototypes had accumulated 61 hours in 135 flights by 1977. In 1990s, Lu Xiaopeng proposed upgrading the J-12's fighter design with a reduced Radar cross-section to make the J-12 stealthy, and suggested a modified J-12 fighter to a carrier based fighter for PLA Navy, but none of the proposals were accepted.[3]
Variants
J-12
The initial version of the light fighter with pitot bi-furcated air intake and non-afterburning engine
J-12I
(aka J-12A) Improved J-12 powered by a 8,929 lbf (39.72 kN) Wopen WP-6Z afterburning turbojet
Specifications (J-12)
Data from Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951[4]
General characteristics
Crew: 1
Length: 10.644 m (34 ft 11 in) excluding pitot probe (J-12I - 10.665 m (34.99 ft))
Maximum speed: 1,472 km/h (915 mph, 795 kn) at 11,000 m (36,000 ft) (J-12I - M1.386)
Range: 1,167 km (725 mi, 630 nmi) maximum estimated range on internal fuel
Service ceiling: 16,870 m (55,350 ft) service ceiling. (J-12I - 17,410 m (57,120 ft))
Rate of climb: 180 m/s (35,000 ft/min) maximum
Take-off run: 450 m (1,480 ft)
Armament
Guns: two large calibre cannon in the wing-roots
Hardpoints: 3 - one under each wing and one on the fuselage centre-line
Missiles: (J-12I - provision for 2x PL-2 air-air missiles))
References
^China Today: Aviation Industry. China Aviation Industry Press. 1989.
^ abNewdick, Thomas (3 November 2020). "The Shenyang J-12 Is The Lightweight Chinese Fighter You've Probably Never Heard Of". www.thedrive.com. The Drive. Retrieved 3 November 2020.
^. AirForceWorld.com. Archived from the original on 17 June 2017. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
^Gordon, Yefim; Komissarov, Dmitry (2008). Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951. Manchester: Hikoki Publications. pp. 93–94. ISBN978-1-902109-04-6.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nanchang J-12.
nanchang, chinese, lightweight, supersonic, fighter, built, people, republic, china, intended, people, liberation, army, force, plaaf, first, serious, attempts, chinese, aircraft, manufacturers, develop, indigenous, modern, fighter, weighing, empty, lightest, . The Nanchang J 12 Chinese 歼 12 was a lightweight supersonic fighter built by the People s Republic of China intended for use by the People s Liberation Army Air Force PLAAF It was one of the first serious attempts by Chinese aircraft manufacturers to develop an indigenous modern jet fighter Weighing 3 172 kg 6 993 lb empty the J 12 is one of the lightest jet fighters ever built However neither the J 12 nor the related Shenyang J 13 project entered service J 12Nanchang J 12 on display outside of the Chinese Aviation MuseumRole Single seat light fighter strike fighterNational origin People s Republic of ChinaManufacturer Nanchang Aircraft FactoryFirst flight 26 December 1970Number built 5 8 plus one static test article Contents 1 Design and development 2 Variants 3 Specifications J 12 4 References 5 External linksDesign and development EditIn 1969 the PLAAF issued an order to build a small inexpensive STOL short takeoff and landing lightweight fighter in order to replace the MiG 19 1 Two designs were submitted namely the Shenyang J 11 and the Nanchang J 12 Prototypes of the J 12 were designed by Lu Xiaopeng and built by the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company NAMC The J 12 was a small single seat jet fighter with low set swept wings swept control surfaces tubular fuselage and nose intake with small or absent shock cone and flight testing began on 26 December 1970 Due to less than satisfactory performance three additional J 12I prototypes were built with improvements such as simplified control surfaces a lighter area ruled fuselage and revised intake 2 In 1977 the development of J 12 was abandoned due to inadequate firepower and engine thrust and also likely due to the introduction of the Chengdu J 7 that offered superior performance and was based on the Soviet MiG 21F 2 The J 12 prototypes had accumulated 61 hours in 135 flights by 1977 In 1990s Lu Xiaopeng proposed upgrading the J 12 s fighter design with a reduced Radar cross section to make the J 12 stealthy and suggested a modified J 12 fighter to a carrier based fighter for PLA Navy but none of the proposals were accepted 3 Variants EditJ 12 The initial version of the light fighter with pitot bi furcated air intake and non afterburning engine J 12I aka J 12A Improved J 12 powered by a 8 929 lbf 39 72 kN Wopen WP 6Z afterburning turbojetSpecifications J 12 EditData from Chinese Aircraft China s aviation industry since 1951 4 General characteristicsCrew 1 Length 10 644 m 34 ft 11 in excluding pitot probe J 12I 10 665 m 34 99 ft Wingspan 7 192 m 23 ft 7 in Height 3 706 m 12 ft 2 in Wing area 16 0 m2 172 sq ft Empty weight 3 172 kg 6 993 lb Max takeoff weight 5 295 kg 11 673 lb Powerplant 1 Wopen WP 6B non afterburning turbojet 24 52 kN 5 512 lbf thrustPerformance Maximum speed 1 472 km h 915 mph 795 kn at 11 000 m 36 000 ft J 12I M1 386 Range 1 167 km 725 mi 630 nmi maximum estimated range on internal fuel Service ceiling 16 870 m 55 350 ft service ceiling J 12I 17 410 m 57 120 ft Rate of climb 180 m s 35 000 ft min maximum Take off run 450 m 1 480 ft Armament Guns two large calibre cannon in the wing roots Hardpoints 3 one under each wing and one on the fuselage centre line Missiles J 12I provision for 2x PL 2 air air missiles References Edit China Today Aviation Industry China Aviation Industry Press 1989 a b Newdick Thomas 3 November 2020 The Shenyang J 12 Is The Lightweight Chinese Fighter You ve Probably Never Heard Of www thedrive com The Drive Retrieved 3 November 2020 J12 fighter stealth modification AirForceWorld com Archived from the original on 17 June 2017 Retrieved 15 July 2011 Gordon Yefim Komissarov Dmitry 2008 Chinese Aircraft China s aviation industry since 1951 Manchester Hikoki Publications pp 93 94 ISBN 978 1 902109 04 6 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Nanchang J 12 Airwar ru page in Russian Uncommon Aircraft Images of preserved J 12s at Airliners net J 12 and J XX at Globalsecurity org China Defense com J12 fighter photos and introduction Chinese Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nanchang J 12 amp oldid 1117509049, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
