Namazga-Tepe or Namazga-depe, is a Bronze Age (BMAC) archaeological site in Turkmenistan, some 100 km east of Aşgabat, near the border to Iran. Excavated by Vadim Mikhailovich Masson, Viktor Sarianidi, and I. N. Khlopin from the 1950s, the site set the chronology for the Bronze Age sites in Turkmenistan (Namazga III-VI).
It is believed that Anau culture of Turkmenistan considerably precedes the Namazga culture in the area. Namazga I period (c. 4000–3500 BC),[1] is considered contemporary with Anau IB2 period.[citation needed]
Namazga III (c. 3200-2800) as a village settlement in Late Chalcolithic phase, and Namazga IV (c. 2800–2400 BC) as a proto-urban site, both belong to the Late Regionalization Era.[1]
Namazga V (c. 2400–2000 BC),[1] is in the Integration Era or the period of "urban revolution" following the Anatolian model with little or no irrigation. Namazga-Tepe emerges as the production and probable governmental center, covering some 60 hectares, with Altyndepe likely a secondary capital. Around 1600 BC, Altyndepe is abandoned, and Namazga-Tepe shrinks to a fraction of its former size.
^ abcdVidale, Massimo, (2017). Treasures from the Oxus., p. 9, Table 1.
^Langer, William L., ed. (1972). An Encyclopedia of World History (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 17. ISBN0-395-13592-3.
^Lecomte, Olivier, (2011)."Ulug-depe: 4000 Years of Evolution between Plain and Desert", in Historical and Cultural Sites of Turkmenistan, p. 223.
Bibliography
V. M. Masson and V. I. Sarianidi, Central Asia: Turkmenia before the Achaemenids (trans. Tringham, 1972); review: Charles C. Kolb, American Anthropologist (1973), 1945-1948.
namazga, tepe, namazga, redirects, here, other, uses, namazgah, disambiguation, namazga, depe, bronze, bmac, archaeological, site, turkmenistan, some, east, aşgabat, near, border, iran, excavated, vadim, mikhailovich, masson, viktor, sarianidi, khlopin, from, . Namazga redirects here For other uses see Namazgah disambiguation Namazga Tepe or Namazga depe is a Bronze Age BMAC archaeological site in Turkmenistan some 100 km east of Asgabat near the border to Iran Excavated by Vadim Mikhailovich Masson Viktor Sarianidi and I N Khlopin from the 1950s the site set the chronology for the Bronze Age sites in Turkmenistan Namazga III VI Namazga TepeLocation in TurkmenistanShow map of TurkmenistanNamazga Tepe West and Central Asia Show map of West and Central AsiaAlternative nameNamazga depeHistoryPeriodsBronze AgeCulturesBMACNamazga culture was preceded in the area by Jeitun culture Contents 1 Chronology 2 See also 3 References 4 Bibliography 5 External linksChronology EditIt is believed that Anau culture of Turkmenistan considerably precedes the Namazga culture in the area Namazga I period c 4000 3500 BC 1 is considered contemporary with Anau IB2 period citation needed Namazga III c 3200 2800 as a village settlement in Late Chalcolithic phase and Namazga IV c 2800 2400 BC as a proto urban site both belong to the Late Regionalization Era 1 Namazga V c 2400 2000 BC 1 is in the Integration Era or the period of urban revolution following the Anatolian model with little or no irrigation Namazga Tepe emerges as the production and probable governmental center covering some 60 hectares with Altyndepe likely a secondary capital Around 1600 BC Altyndepe is abandoned and Namazga Tepe shrinks to a fraction of its former size Namazga VI in the Late Bronze Age c 1800 1500 BC 1 as part of the Localization Era is characterized by the incursion of nomadic pastoralists from the Alekseyevka culture and or Srubna culture There have also been detailed painted potteries located at this site 2 The following table clarifies the chronology of Namazga culture Cultural chronology for Turkmenistan and the South Central Asia 3 Period DatesNeolithic of Jeitun type 6200 5000 BCEProto Chalcolithic Anau Ia 5200 4800 BCEEarly Chalcolithic Namazga I 4800 4000 BCEMiddle Chalcolithic Namazga II 4000 3500 BCELate Chalcolithic Namazga III 3500 3000 BCEEarly Bronze Namazga IV 3000 2500 BCEMiddle Bronze Namazga V 2500 2200 BCELate Bronze Namazga VI 2200 1500 BCELate Bronze Margian Gonur phase 2200 1800 BCELate Bronze Margian Togolok phase 1800 1500 BCEEarly Iron Yaz I 1500 1100 BCEArchaic Dehistan SW Turkmenistan 1300 500 BCEPre Achaemenid and Achaemenid Yaz II III 1100 329 BCESee also EditSouth Turkmenistan Complex Archaeological ExpeditionReferences Edit a b c d Vidale Massimo 2017 Treasures from the Oxus p 9 Table 1 Langer William L ed 1972 An Encyclopedia of World History 5th ed Boston MA Houghton Mifflin Company p 17 ISBN 0 395 13592 3 Lecomte Olivier 2011 Ulug depe 4000 Years of Evolution between Plain and Desert in Historical and Cultural Sites of Turkmenistan p 223 Bibliography EditV M Masson and V I Sarianidi Central Asia Turkmenia before the Achaemenids trans Tringham 1972 review Charles C Kolb American Anthropologist 1973 1945 1948 External links EditAltin Tepe entry in Encyclopaedia IranicaCoordinates 37 22 22 N 59 33 25 E 37 37278 N 59 55694 E 37 37278 59 55694 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Namazga Tepe amp oldid 1126101711, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
