In mice, Neurod1 expression is first seen at embryonic day 12 (E12).[6]
It is a member of the Neurod family of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors, composed of Neurod1, Neurod2, Neurod4, and Neurod6. The protein forms heterodimers with other bHLH proteins and activates transcription of genes that contain a specific DNA sequence known as the E-box. It regulates expression of the insulin gene, and mutations in this gene result in type II diabetes mellitus in mouse models and in human clinical patients.[7]
Neurod1 is found to convert reactive glial cells into functional neurons in the mouse brain in vivo[8] In the adult cortex, Neurod1 expression is a marker of mature excitatory pyramidal neurons in the upper-most layers of the cortex.[9]
^Malecki, Maciej T.; Jhala, Ulupi S.; Antonellis, Anthony; Fields, Liz; Doria, Alessandro; Orban, Tihamer; Saad, Mohammed; Warram, James H.; Montminy, Marc; Krolewski, Andrzej S. (November 1999). "Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus". Nature Genetics. 23 (3): 323–328. doi:10.1038/15500. ISSN 1546-1718. PMID 10545951. S2CID 3216136.
^Guo Z, Zhang L, Wu Z, Chen Y, Wang F, Chen G (February 2014). "In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer's disease model". Cell Stem Cell. 14 (2): 188–202. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2013.12.001. PMC3967760. PMID 24360883.
^Tutukova, Svetlana; Tarabykin, Victor; Hernandez-Miranda, Luis R. (2021). "The Role of Neurod Genes in Brain Development, Function, and Disease". Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 14: 662774. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2021.662774. ISSN 1662-5099. PMC8221396. PMID 34177462.
^Marcora E, Gowan K, Lee JE (August 2003). "Stimulation of NeuroD activity by huntingtin and huntingtin-associated proteins HAP1 and MLK2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (16): 9578–83. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.9578M. doi:10.1073/pnas.1133382100. PMC170960. PMID 12881483.
^Zhao L, Guo M, Matsuoka TA, Hagman DK, Parazzoli SD, Poitout V, Stein R (March 2005). "The islet beta cell-enriched MafA activator is a key regulator of insulin gene transcription". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (12): 11887–94. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409475200. PMID 15665000.
^Ratineau C, Petry MW, Mutoh H, Leiter AB (March 2002). "Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, BETA2/NeuroD". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (11): 8847–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110747200. PMID 11788592.
Further readingedit
Fajans SS, Bell GI, Polonsky KS (September 2001). "Molecular mechanisms and clinical pathophysiology of maturity-onset diabetes of the young". The New England Journal of Medicine. 345 (13): 971–80. doi:10.1056/NEJMra002168. PMID 11575290.
Cho JH, Tsai MJ (August 2004). "The role of BETA2/NeuroD1 in the development of the nervous system". Molecular Neurobiology. 30 (1): 35–47. doi:10.1385/MN:30:1:035. PMID 15247487. S2CID 19923393.
Chae JH, Stein GH, Lee JE (December 2004). "NeuroD: the predicted and the surprising". Molecules and Cells. 18 (3): 271–88. doi:10.1016/S1016-8478(23)13113-X. PMID 15650322.
Tamimi R, Steingrimsson E, Copeland NG, Dyer-Montgomery K, Lee JE, Hernandez R, Jenkins NA, Tapscott SJ (June 1996). "The NEUROD gene maps to human chromosome 2q32 and mouse chromosome 2". Genomics. 34 (3): 418–21. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0306. PMID 8786144.
Yokoyama M, Nishi Y, Miyamoto Y, Nakamura M, Akiyama K, Matsubara K, Okubo K (November 1996). "Molecular cloning of a human neuroD from a neuroblastoma cell line specifically expressed in the fetal brain and adult cerebellum". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 42 (1): 135–9. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(96)00154-4. PMID 8915591.
Yokoyama M, Nishi Y, Yoshii J, Okubo K, Matsubara K (October 1996). "Identification and cloning of neuroblastoma-specific and nerve tissue-specific genes through compiled expression profiles". DNA Research. 3 (5): 311–20. doi:10.1093/dnares/3.5.311. PMID 9039501.
Acharya HR, Dooley CM, Thoreson WB, Ahmad I (April 1997). "cDNA cloning and expression analysis of NeuroD mRNA in human retina". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 233 (2): 459–63. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6483. PMID 9144558.
Poulin G, Turgeon B, Drouin J (November 1997). "NeuroD1/beta2 contributes to cell-specific transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 17 (11): 6673–82. doi:10.1128/mcb.17.11.6673. PMC232521. PMID 9343431.
Furuta H, Horikawa Y, Iwasaki N, Hara M, Sussel L, Le Beau MM, Davis EM, Ogata M, Iwamoto Y, German MS, Bell GI (August 1998). "Beta-cell transcription factors and diabetes: mutations in the coding region of the BETA2/NeuroD1 (NEUROD1) and Nkx2.2 (NKX2B) genes are not associated with maturity-onset diabetes of the young in Japanese". Diabetes. 47 (8): 1356–8. doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.8.1356. PMID 9703340.
Yoon YS, Noma T, Yamashiro Y, Ito H, Nakazawa A (July 1998). "Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding human NeuroD". Neuroscience Letters. 251 (1): 17–20. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00490-X. PMID 9714454. S2CID 39872130.
Miyachi T, Maruyama H, Kitamura T, Nakamura S, Kawakami H (June 1999). "Structure and regulation of the human NeuroD (BETA2/BHF1) gene". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 69 (2): 223–31. doi:10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00112-6. PMID 10366743.
Noma T, Yoon YS, Yamashiro Y, Fujisawa K, Nakazawa A (September 1999). "Regulation of NeuroD expression by activation of the protein kinase-C pathway in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells". Neuroscience Letters. 272 (1): 45–8. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(99)00569-8. PMID 10507539. S2CID 3158332.
Malecki MT, Jhala US, Antonellis A, Fields L, Doria A, Orban T, Saad M, Warram JH, Montminy M, Krolewski AS (November 1999). "Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus". Nature Genetics. 23 (3): 323–8. doi:10.1038/15500. PMID 10545951. S2CID 3216136.
Glick E, Leshkowitz D, Walker MD (January 2000). "Transcription factor BETA2 acts cooperatively with E2A and PDX1 to activate the insulin gene promoter". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (3): 2199–204. doi:10.1074/jbc.275.3.2199. PMID 10636926.
Onions J, Hermann S, Grundström T (April 2000). "A novel type of calmodulin interaction in the inhibition of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors". Biochemistry. 39 (15): 4366–74. doi:10.1021/bi992533u. PMID 10757985.
Mochizuki M, Amemiya S, Kobayashi K, Kobayashi K, Ishihara T, Aya M, Kato K, Kasuga A, Nakazawa S (January 2002). "The association of Ala45Thr polymorphism in NeuroD with child-onset Type 1a diabetes in Japanese". Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 55 (1): 11–7. doi:10.1016/S0168-8227(01)00242-X. PMID 11755474.
Ratineau C, Petry MW, Mutoh H, Leiter AB (March 2002). "Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, BETA2/NeuroD". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (11): 8847–53. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110747200. PMID 11788592.
Westerman BA, Poutsma A, Maruyama K, Schrijnemakers HF, van Wijk IJ, Oudejans CB (April 2002). "The proneural genes NEUROD1 and NEUROD2 are expressed during human trophoblast invasion". Mechanisms of Development. 113 (1): 85–90. doi:10.1016/S0925-4773(01)00665-7. PMID 11900979. S2CID 11607202.
Kanatsuka A, Tokuyama Y, Nozaki O, Matsui K, Egashira T (September 2002). "Beta-cell dysfunction in late-onset diabetic subjects carrying homozygous mutation in transcription factors NeuroD1 and Pax4". Metabolism. 51 (9): 1161–5. doi:10.1053/meta.2002.34707. PMID 12200761.
neurod1, neurogenic, differentiation, neurod1, also, called, transcription, factor, neurod, type, encoded, human, gene, available, structurespdbortholog, search, pdbe, rcsblist, codes2ql2identifiersaliases, beta2, mody6, neurod, bhlha3, neuronal, differentiati. Neurogenic differentiation 1 Neurod1 also called b2 5 is a transcription factor of the NeuroD type It is encoded by the human gene NEUROD1 NEUROD1Available structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes2QL2IdentifiersAliasesNEUROD1 BETA2 BHF 1 MODY6 NEUROD bHLHa3 neuronal differentiation 1 T2DExternal IDsOMIM 601724 MGI 1339708 HomoloGene 1871 GeneCards NEUROD1Gene location Human Chr Chromosome 2 human 1 Band2q31 3Start181 668 295 bp 1 End181 680 827 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 2 mouse 2 Band2 C3 2 47 58 cMStart79 282 865 bp 2 End79 287 095 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed incerebellar vermisislet of Langerhansganglionic eminenceponsmiddle temporal gyrusBrodmann area 10frontal polehippocampus properRegion I of hippocampus properBrodmann area 23Top expressed incerebellar vermishabenulapineal glandislet of Langerhansretinal pigment epitheliumtrigeminal ganglionsubiculumdentate gyrusmedial vestibular nucleusbarrel cortexMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionsequence specific DNA binding transcription coactivator activity DNA binding protein dimerization activity DNA binding transcription factor activity DNA binding transcription activator activity RNA polymerase II specific transcription factor binding chromatin binding RNA polymerase II cis regulatory region sequence specific DNA binding E box binding protein binding protein heterodimerization activity double stranded DNA binding DNA binding transcription factor activity RNA polymerase II specificCellular componentcytoplasm intracellular anatomical structure nucleoplasm RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex nucleusBiological processpositive regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding regulation of neuron differentiation neurogenesis cell differentiation cell fate commitment regulation of transcription DNA templated pancreatic PP cell fate commitment glucose homeostasis regulation of insulin secretion enteroendocrine cell differentiation dentate gyrus development signal transduction involved in regulation of gene expression neuron development insulin secretion positive regulation of DNA binding transcription factor activity response to glucose transcription by RNA polymerase II embryonic organ morphogenesis cerebellum development transcription DNA templated nervous system development positive regulation of transcription DNA templated multicellular organism development hindbrain development nucleocytoplasmic transport positive regulation of neuron differentiation positive regulation of cell differentiation nitric oxide mediated signal transduction positive regulation of apoptotic process regulation of intestinal epithelial structure maintenance inner ear development camera type eye development pancreatic A cell fate commitment amacrine cell differentiation negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process cellular response to glucose stimulus anterior posterior pattern specification endocrine pancreas development positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK STATSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez476018012EnsemblENSG00000162992ENSMUSG00000034701UniProtQ13562Q60867RefSeq mRNA NM 002500NM 010894RefSeq protein NP 002491NP 035024Location UCSC Chr 2 181 67 181 68 MbChr 2 79 28 79 29 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit MouseIn mice Neurod1 expression is first seen at embryonic day 12 E12 6 It is a member of the Neurod family of basic helix loop helix bHLH transcription factors composed of Neurod1 Neurod2 Neurod4 and Neurod6 The protein forms heterodimers with other bHLH proteins and activates transcription of genes that contain a specific DNA sequence known as the E box It regulates expression of the insulin gene and mutations in this gene result in type II diabetes mellitus in mouse models and in human clinical patients 7 Neurod1 is found to convert reactive glial cells into functional neurons in the mouse brain in vivo 8 In the adult cortex Neurod1 expression is a marker of mature excitatory pyramidal neurons in the upper most layers of the cortex 9 Contents 1 Interactions 2 References 3 Further reading 4 External linksInteractions editNeurod1 has been shown to interact with MAP3K10 10 MAFA 11 and Cyclin D1 12 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000162992 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000034701 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Poulin G Turgeon B Drouin J November 1997 NeuroD1 beta2 contributes to cell specific transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 11 6673 82 doi 10 1128 mcb 17 11 6673 PMC 232521 PMID 9343431 Bormuth Ingo Yan Kuo Yonemasu Tomoko Gummert Maike Zhang Mingyue Wichert Sven Grishina Olga Pieper Alexander Zhang Weiqi Goebbels Sandra Tarabykin Victor Nave Klaus Armin Schwab Markus H 2013 01 09 Neuronal Basic Helix Loop Helix Proteins Neurod2 6 Regulate Cortical Commissure Formation before Midline Interactions Journal of Neuroscience 33 2 641 651 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 0899 12 2013 ISSN 0270 6474 PMC 6704922 PMID 23303943 S2CID 25600245 Malecki Maciej T Jhala Ulupi S Antonellis Anthony Fields Liz Doria Alessandro Orban Tihamer Saad Mohammed Warram James H Montminy Marc Krolewski Andrzej S November 1999 Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus Nature Genetics 23 3 323 328 doi 10 1038 15500 ISSN 1546 1718 PMID 10545951 S2CID 3216136 Guo Z Zhang L Wu Z Chen Y Wang F Chen G February 2014 In vivo direct reprogramming of reactive glial cells into functional neurons after brain injury and in an Alzheimer s disease model Cell Stem Cell 14 2 188 202 doi 10 1016 j stem 2013 12 001 PMC 3967760 PMID 24360883 Tutukova Svetlana Tarabykin Victor Hernandez Miranda Luis R 2021 The Role of Neurod Genes in Brain Development Function and Disease Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 14 662774 doi 10 3389 fnmol 2021 662774 ISSN 1662 5099 PMC 8221396 PMID 34177462 Marcora E Gowan K Lee JE August 2003 Stimulation of NeuroD activity by huntingtin and huntingtin associated proteins HAP1 and MLK2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 100 16 9578 83 Bibcode 2003PNAS 100 9578M doi 10 1073 pnas 1133382100 PMC 170960 PMID 12881483 Zhao L Guo M Matsuoka TA Hagman DK Parazzoli SD Poitout V Stein R March 2005 The islet beta cell enriched MafA activator is a key regulator of insulin gene transcription The Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 12 11887 94 doi 10 1074 jbc M409475200 PMID 15665000 Ratineau C Petry MW Mutoh H Leiter AB March 2002 Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix loop helix transcription factor BETA2 NeuroD The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 11 8847 53 doi 10 1074 jbc M110747200 PMID 11788592 Further reading editFajans SS Bell GI Polonsky KS September 2001 Molecular mechanisms and clinical pathophysiology of maturity onset diabetes of the young The New England Journal of Medicine 345 13 971 80 doi 10 1056 NEJMra002168 PMID 11575290 Cho JH Tsai MJ August 2004 The role of BETA2 NeuroD1 in the development of the nervous system Molecular Neurobiology 30 1 35 47 doi 10 1385 MN 30 1 035 PMID 15247487 S2CID 19923393 Chae JH Stein GH Lee JE December 2004 NeuroD the predicted and the surprising Molecules and Cells 18 3 271 88 doi 10 1016 S1016 8478 23 13113 X PMID 15650322 Tamimi R Steingrimsson E Copeland NG Dyer Montgomery K Lee JE Hernandez R Jenkins NA Tapscott SJ June 1996 The NEUROD gene maps to human chromosome 2q32 and mouse chromosome 2 Genomics 34 3 418 21 doi 10 1006 geno 1996 0306 PMID 8786144 Yokoyama M Nishi Y Miyamoto Y Nakamura M Akiyama K Matsubara K Okubo K November 1996 Molecular cloning of a human neuroD from a neuroblastoma cell line specifically expressed in the fetal brain and adult cerebellum Brain Research Molecular Brain Research 42 1 135 9 doi 10 1016 S0169 328X 96 00154 4 PMID 8915591 Yokoyama M Nishi Y Yoshii J Okubo K Matsubara K October 1996 Identification and cloning of neuroblastoma specific and nerve tissue specific genes through compiled expression profiles DNA Research 3 5 311 20 doi 10 1093 dnares 3 5 311 PMID 9039501 Acharya HR Dooley CM Thoreson WB Ahmad I April 1997 cDNA cloning and expression analysis of NeuroD mRNA in human retina Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 233 2 459 63 doi 10 1006 bbrc 1997 6483 PMID 9144558 Poulin G Turgeon B Drouin J November 1997 NeuroD1 beta2 contributes to cell specific transcription of the proopiomelanocortin gene Molecular and Cellular Biology 17 11 6673 82 doi 10 1128 mcb 17 11 6673 PMC 232521 PMID 9343431 Furuta H Horikawa Y Iwasaki N Hara M Sussel L Le Beau MM Davis EM Ogata M Iwamoto Y German MS Bell GI August 1998 Beta cell transcription factors and diabetes mutations in the coding region of the BETA2 NeuroD1 NEUROD1 and Nkx2 2 NKX2B genes are not associated with maturity onset diabetes of the young in Japanese Diabetes 47 8 1356 8 doi 10 2337 diabetes 47 8 1356 PMID 9703340 Yoon YS Noma T Yamashiro Y Ito H Nakazawa A July 1998 Molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding human NeuroD Neuroscience Letters 251 1 17 20 doi 10 1016 S0304 3940 98 00490 X PMID 9714454 S2CID 39872130 Miyachi T Maruyama H Kitamura T Nakamura S Kawakami H June 1999 Structure and regulation of the human NeuroD BETA2 BHF1 gene Brain Research Molecular Brain Research 69 2 223 31 doi 10 1016 S0169 328X 99 00112 6 PMID 10366743 Noma T Yoon YS Yamashiro Y Fujisawa K Nakazawa A September 1999 Regulation of NeuroD expression by activation of the protein kinase C pathway in Y79 human retinoblastoma cells Neuroscience Letters 272 1 45 8 doi 10 1016 S0304 3940 99 00569 8 PMID 10507539 S2CID 3158332 Malecki MT Jhala US Antonellis A Fields L Doria A Orban T Saad M Warram JH Montminy M Krolewski AS November 1999 Mutations in NEUROD1 are associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus Nature Genetics 23 3 323 8 doi 10 1038 15500 PMID 10545951 S2CID 3216136 Glick E Leshkowitz D Walker MD January 2000 Transcription factor BETA2 acts cooperatively with E2A and PDX1 to activate the insulin gene promoter The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 3 2199 204 doi 10 1074 jbc 275 3 2199 PMID 10636926 Onions J Hermann S Grundstrom T April 2000 A novel type of calmodulin interaction in the inhibition of basic helix loop helix transcription factors Biochemistry 39 15 4366 74 doi 10 1021 bi992533u PMID 10757985 Mochizuki M Amemiya S Kobayashi K Kobayashi K Ishihara T Aya M Kato K Kasuga A Nakazawa S January 2002 The association of Ala45Thr polymorphism in NeuroD with child onset Type 1a diabetes in Japanese Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 55 1 11 7 doi 10 1016 S0168 8227 01 00242 X PMID 11755474 Ratineau C Petry MW Mutoh H Leiter AB March 2002 Cyclin D1 represses the basic helix loop helix transcription factor BETA2 NeuroD The Journal of Biological Chemistry 277 11 8847 53 doi 10 1074 jbc M110747200 PMID 11788592 Westerman BA Poutsma A Maruyama K Schrijnemakers HF van Wijk IJ Oudejans CB April 2002 The proneural genes NEUROD1 and NEUROD2 are expressed during human trophoblast invasion Mechanisms of Development 113 1 85 90 doi 10 1016 S0925 4773 01 00665 7 PMID 11900979 S2CID 11607202 Kanatsuka A Tokuyama Y Nozaki O Matsui K Egashira T September 2002 Beta cell dysfunction in late onset diabetic subjects carrying homozygous mutation in transcription factors NeuroD1 and Pax4 Metabolism 51 9 1161 5 doi 10 1053 meta 2002 34707 PMID 12200761 External links editNEUROD1 protein human at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine which is in the public domain nbsp This article on a gene on human chromosome 2 is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title NEUROD1 amp oldid 1203569198, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
