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Mākaha, Hawaii

January 01, 1970

Mākaha (Hawaiian for "fierce",[3][4][5] or "savage",[6][7][8] pronounced [maːˈkɐhə]) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Honolulu County, Hawaiʻi, United States. It is a town located along the Pacific coast, west of the Mākaha Valley, and at the foot of Mt. Ka'ala in the Wai’anae Mountain Range.[9][10] It is the last of the leeward towns on O'ahu.[6] North of Mākaha there is no development, i.e. no towns, no gas stations, or restaurants.[11] The population of Mākaha was 8,278 at the 2010 census.[12] It is located 35 miles northwest of Honolulu, but is a part of Honolulu County.

Makaha
Mākaha
Census-designated place
View of Mākaha Valley
Location in Honolulu County and the state of Hawaii
Coordinates: 21°28′14″N 158°12′51″W / 21.47056°N 158.21417°W / 21.47056; -158.21417
CountryUnited States
StateHawaii
Area
[1]
 • Total5.55 sq mi (14.39 km2)
 • Land2.69 sq mi (6.97 km2)
 • Water2.87 sq mi (7.42 km2)
Elevation
20 ft (6 m)
Population
 (2020)
 • Total9,916
 • Density3,686.25/sq mi (1,423.25/km2)
Time zoneUTC-10 (Hawaii-Aleutian)
ZIP code
96792[2]
Area code808
FIPS code15-47450
GNIS feature ID0362017
Historically, Mākaha was an ahupuaʻa, or area of land ruled by chief or king and managed by the members of the ʻaliʻi.

In the Hawaiian language its name means “fierce” or “savage”, which refers to the group of bandits who were based in the Mākaha Valley. They would hide and wait for unsuspecting passersby to show up, and then plunder and pillage them.[3] Mākaha has a higher percentage of Native Hawaiians and other Pacific islanders than most settlements on O’ahu; 26.2% of the population were Pacific Islanders in 2010.[13] Mākaha Resort stages weekend traditional Hawaiian arts and crafts fairs and other Hawaiian cultural programs in order to preserve the Native Hawaiian traditions in Mākaha.[14]

The town is particularly known for its surfing waves and surfing history, the Hawaiian temple Kāne’āki Heiau, and Mākaha Beach Park, which is a nesting place for several species of sea turtles.[7][15] Aside from surfing, other water activities include diving, canoe-surfing, fishing, tandem surfing, bodysurfing, and other recreational water sports.[16] Kāne’āki Heiau is Hawaii's most thoroughly restored ancient heiau, it was excavated by Bishop Museum archeologists in 1970 and can now be visited Tuesdays-Sundays. It originated as an agricultural temple to the god Lono in the 15th century. 200 years later, it was converted into a luakini, where human sacrifices were dedicated to the god Kū – a typical progression indicating Mākaha now supported a large enough population to have its own chief.[17]

Geography edit

 
Mākaha Beach Park with the slopes of the Waianae Mountains on the right
 
Green sea turtle at Mākaha Beach Park, January 2014

Mākaha is located at 21°28′14″N 158°12′51″W / 21.47056°N 158.21417°W / 21.47056; -158.21417 (21.470569, -158.214159).[18] According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 5.2 square miles (13 km2), of which 2.3 square miles (6.0 km2) is land and 2.9 square miles (7.5 km2), or 55.53%, is water. Mākaha is the last town going northbound on the leeward side of O'ahu, and is a part of Honolulu County. It is located at the bottom of the Waianae Mountains, adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the west and the Mākaha Valley to the east. It is located at the foot of Mt. Ka'ala, which is just east of Mākaha and is the highest point on the island of O'ahu at 4,020 feet.

To get here by public transportation, the express city bus C (Route C – Country Express) is the most direct option, as it stays along the coast. The Bus 40 goes up Mākaha Valley Road to the golf courses and then goes down Kili Drive to Mākaha Beach Park.[19] It leaves daily from the Ala Moana Shopping Center in Downtown Honolulu. By car, you would want to follow Kamehameha Highway just north off Pearl Harbor, and then onto Farrington Highway (93) in the west. You would want to follow Farrington Highway northbound on Oahu's west shore until you pass the neighboring town of Waiʻanae. The town of Mākaha is next, and the last one of the leeward towns on O’ahu. Mākaha Beach Park in the town center is located on 84-369 Farrington Hwy, Makaha HI 96792.[20]

Surfing edit

 
Mākaha was the site of the Mākaha International Surfing Championships 1954–1971. During the '60s, Fred Hemmings won the championship four times.

Surfing is sometimes recognized as starting in Mākaha in the early 1950s, even though it has most likely been utilized as a surfing spot for Native Hawaiians for hundreds of years.[6][19] During summer, the waves tend to be at maximum four feet; however, during the winter surf season, the waves often exceed fifteen feet.[4] Attracted by these waves, sometimes as high as 25 feet high, the Waikīkī Surf Club established the Mākaha International Surfing Championships in 1952, the first of the many international surfing contests that are now held in Hawaii. One of the most popular events still held at Mākaha is Buffalo's Big Board Contest, an annual surf contest named in honor of Mākaha lifeguard and surfing legend Richard “Buffalo” Keaulana. In these waters, Buffalo not only invented some of the most outrageous methods of surfing, but also raised his world champion son Rusty. He also made Mākaha the home of the world's first international surf meet in 1954 and still hosts his Big Board Surfing Classic.[21][22] Rell Sunn's Menehune Triple Lei of Surfing is another annual surfing event that finds place in Mākaha.[3] Besides Mākaha Beach Park, other surfing areas in Mākaha includes for instance Aki's Beach,[23] the Blowhole,[24] Bowl,[25] Charlie's Reef,[26] and Cornets.[27] water

Demographics edit

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
20209,916—
U.S. Decennial Census[28]

As of the census[29] of 2000, there were 7,753 people, 2,388 households, and 1,721 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,324.7 inhabitants per square mile (1,283.7/km2). There were 3,208 housing units at an average density of 1,375.7 per square mile (531.2/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 19.00% White, 1.39% African American, 0.71% Native American, 15.23% Asian, 21.90% Pacific Islander, 1.63% from other races, and 40.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17.86% of the population.

There were 2,388 households, out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 19.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 20.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.20 and the average family size was 3.70.

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 31.7% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $35,674, and the median income for a family was $36,563. Males had a median income of $34,081 versus $24,606 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,267. About 22.3% of families and 23.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 32.8% of those under age 18 and 9.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education edit

The Hawaii Department of Education operates the public schools.[30] Makaha Elementary School is in the CDP, while Kamaile Elementary School is outside of the CDP.

Waianae High School, which has a Waianae postal address,[31] is physically located in two CDPs:[32] mostly in Makaha,[30] and partially in Waianae.[33]

References edit

  1. ^ "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
  2. ^ "Makaha HI ZIP Code". zipdatamaps.com. 2023. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  3. ^ a b c Gabbard, Andrea (2000). Girl in the Curl: A Century of Women in Surfing. Seal Press. p. 23. ISBN 9781580050487.
  4. ^ a b Chase, Linda (2008). Surfing: Women of the Waves. Gibbs Smith. Page 39. ISBN 9781423601791.
  5. ^ Coleman, Stuart Holmes (2009). Fierce Heart: The Story of Makaha and the Soul of Hawaiian Surfing. Macmillan. Page 1. ISBN 9781429937702.
  6. ^ a b c Ward, Greg (2011). The Rough Guide to Hawaii. Penguin. p. 123. ISBN 9781405385817.
  7. ^ a b Pager, Sheryl Groden and Sean Pager (2006). Off the Beaten Path: Hawaii. Globe Pequot. p. 130. ISBN 9780762742004.
  8. ^ Sumpter, Rod (2004). 100 Best Surf Spots in the World: The World's Best Breaks for Surfers in Search of the Perfect Wave. Globe Pequot. Page 34. ISBN 9780762725984.
  9. ^ Kirch, Patrick Vinton (1997). Feathered Gods and Fishhooks: An Introduction to Hawaiian Archaeology and Prehistory. University of Hawaii Press. Page 274. ISBN 9780824819385.
  10. ^ Tryon, George Washington and Charles Montague Cooke (1916). Manual of Conchology, Structural and Systematic: With Illustrations of the Species. Pulmonata, Volumes 21–23. Harvard University. p. 345.
  11. ^ Dunford, Lisa and Sara Benson (2012). Lonely Planet Discover Honolulu, Waikiki & Oahu. Lonely Planet. ISBN 9781743213377.
  12. ^ "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (DP-1): Makaha CDP, Hawaii". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
  13. ^ "Makaha, Hawaii (HI 96792) profile: Population, maps, real estate, averages, homes, statistics, relocation, travel, jobs, hospitals, schools, crime, moving, houses, news, sex offenders".
  14. ^ Frasure, Carrie and Sean Pager (2010). Hawaii Off the Beaten Path: A Guide to Unique Places. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 126. ISBN 9780762762446.
  15. ^ Campbell, Jeff (2010). Lonely Planet Hawaii. Lonely Planet. p. 30. ISBN 9781742203447.
  16. ^ Lueras, Lorca and Leonard (2014). Surfing Hawaii: The Ultimate Guide to the World's Most Challenging Waves. Tuttle Publishing. p. 137. ISBN 9781462909360.
  17. ^ Ward, Greg (2011). The Rough Guide to Hawaii. Penguin. pp. 123–124. ISBN 9781405385817.
  18. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  19. ^ a b Kennedy, Scott and Sara Benson (2009). Honolulu, Waikiki & O’ahu. Lonely Planet. p. 235. ISBN 9781741048650.
  20. ^ "Makaha Beach Park, Oahu".
  21. ^ Bohman, Mary Beth (2006). Fodor's O'ahu: With Honolulu, Waikiki, and the North Shore. Fodor's Travel Publications. p. 83. ISBN 9781400016419.
  22. ^ Houston, James D. and Ben R. Finney (1996). Surfing: A History of the Ancient Hawaiian Sport. Pomegranate. p. 75. ISBN 9780876545942.
  23. ^ Clark, John R. K. (2002). Hawai'i Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites. University of Hawaii Press. p. 8. ISBN 9780824824518.
  24. ^ Clark, John R. K. (2002). Hawai'i Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites. University of Hawaii Press. Page 32. ISBN 9780824824518.
  25. ^ Clark, John R. K. (2002). Hawai'i Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites. University of Hawaii Press. p. 33. ISBN 9780824824518.
  26. ^ Clark, John R. K. (2002). Hawai'i Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites. University of Hawaii Press. p. 45. ISBN 9780824824518.
  27. ^ Clark, John R. K. (2002). Hawai'i Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites. University of Hawaii Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780824824518.
  28. ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  29. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  30. ^ a b "2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Makaha CDP, HI" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
    2000 Map: "CENSUS 2000 BLOCK MAP: MAKAHA CDP" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2020-10-10. - Compare this map to locations of schools.
  31. ^ "Transcript Request Form" (PDF). Waianae High School. Retrieved 2020-10-10. 85-251 Farrington Hwy. Waianae, HI 96792
  32. ^ See the physical plant and school map (official website) which is apparent in a mapping program (see Hawaii GIS maps).
  33. ^ "2010 CENSUS - CENSUS BLOCK MAP: Waianae CDP, HI" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2020-10-10.
    2000 Map: "CENSUS 2000 BLOCK MAP: WAIANAE CDP" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 2020-10-10. - 1 and 2

January 01, 1970
mākaha, hawaii, mākaha, hawaiian, fierce, savage, pronounced, maːˈkɐhə, census, designated, place, honolulu, county, hawaiʻi, united, states, town, located, along, pacific, coast, west, mākaha, valley, foot, anae, mountain, range, last, leeward, towns, north, . Makaha Hawaiian for fierce 3 4 5 or savage 6 7 8 pronounced maːˈkɐhe is a census designated place CDP in Honolulu County Hawaiʻi United States It is a town located along the Pacific coast west of the Makaha Valley and at the foot of Mt Ka ala in the Wai anae Mountain Range 9 10 It is the last of the leeward towns on O ahu 6 North of Makaha there is no development i e no towns no gas stations or restaurants 11 The population of Makaha was 8 278 at the 2010 census 12 It is located 35 miles northwest of Honolulu but is a part of Honolulu County Makaha MakahaCensus designated placeView of Makaha ValleyLocation in Honolulu County and the state of HawaiiCoordinates 21 28 14 N 158 12 51 W 21 47056 N 158 21417 W 21 47056 158 21417CountryUnited StatesStateHawaiiArea 1 Total5 55 sq mi 14 39 km2 Land2 69 sq mi 6 97 km2 Water2 87 sq mi 7 42 km2 Elevation20 ft 6 m Population 2020 Total9 916 Density3 686 25 sq mi 1 423 25 km2 Time zoneUTC 10 Hawaii Aleutian ZIP code96792 2 Area code808FIPS code15 47450GNIS feature ID0362017 Historically Makaha was an ahupuaʻa or area of land ruled by chief or king and managed by the members of the ʻaliʻi In the Hawaiian language its name means fierce or savage which refers to the group of bandits who were based in the Makaha Valley They would hide and wait for unsuspecting passersby to show up and then plunder and pillage them 3 Makaha has a higher percentage of Native Hawaiians and other Pacific islanders than most settlements on O ahu 26 2 of the population were Pacific Islanders in 2010 13 Makaha Resort stages weekend traditional Hawaiian arts and crafts fairs and other Hawaiian cultural programs in order to preserve the Native Hawaiian traditions in Makaha 14 The town is particularly known for its surfing waves and surfing history the Hawaiian temple Kane aki Heiau and Makaha Beach Park which is a nesting place for several species of sea turtles 7 15 Aside from surfing other water activities include diving canoe surfing fishing tandem surfing bodysurfing and other recreational water sports 16 Kane aki Heiau is Hawaii s most thoroughly restored ancient heiau it was excavated by Bishop Museum archeologists in 1970 and can now be visited Tuesdays Sundays It originated as an agricultural temple to the god Lono in the 15th century 200 years later it was converted into a luakini where human sacrifices were dedicated to the god Ku a typical progression indicating Makaha now supported a large enough population to have its own chief 17 Contents 1 Geography 2 Surfing 3 Demographics 4 Education 5 ReferencesGeography edit nbsp Makaha Beach Park with the slopes of the Waianae Mountains on the right nbsp Green sea turtle at Makaha Beach Park January 2014 Makaha is located at 21 28 14 N 158 12 51 W 21 47056 N 158 21417 W 21 47056 158 21417 21 470569 158 214159 18 According to the United States Census Bureau the CDP has a total area of 5 2 square miles 13 km2 of which 2 3 square miles 6 0 km2 is land and 2 9 square miles 7 5 km2 or 55 53 is water Makaha is the last town going northbound on the leeward side of O ahu and is a part of Honolulu County It is located at the bottom of the Waianae Mountains adjacent to the Pacific Ocean in the west and the Makaha Valley to the east It is located at the foot of Mt Ka ala which is just east of Makaha and is the highest point on the island of O ahu at 4 020 feet To get here by public transportation the express city bus C Route C Country Express is the most direct option as it stays along the coast The Bus 40 goes up Makaha Valley Road to the golf courses and then goes down Kili Drive to Makaha Beach Park 19 It leaves daily from the Ala Moana Shopping Center in Downtown Honolulu By car you would want to follow Kamehameha Highway just north off Pearl Harbor and then onto Farrington Highway 93 in the west You would want to follow Farrington Highway northbound on Oahu s west shore until you pass the neighboring town of Waiʻanae The town of Makaha is next and the last one of the leeward towns on O ahu Makaha Beach Park in the town center is located on 84 369 Farrington Hwy Makaha HI 96792 20 Surfing edit nbsp Makaha was the site of the Makaha International Surfing Championships 1954 1971 During the 60s Fred Hemmings won the championship four times Surfing is sometimes recognized as starting in Makaha in the early 1950s even though it has most likely been utilized as a surfing spot for Native Hawaiians for hundreds of years 6 19 During summer the waves tend to be at maximum four feet however during the winter surf season the waves often exceed fifteen feet 4 Attracted by these waves sometimes as high as 25 feet high the Waikiki Surf Club established the Makaha International Surfing Championships in 1952 the first of the many international surfing contests that are now held in Hawaii One of the most popular events still held at Makaha is Buffalo s Big Board Contest an annual surf contest named in honor of Makaha lifeguard and surfing legend Richard Buffalo Keaulana In these waters Buffalo not only invented some of the most outrageous methods of surfing but also raised his world champion son Rusty He also made Makaha the home of the world s first international surf meet in 1954 and still hosts his Big Board Surfing Classic 21 22 Rell Sunn s Menehune Triple Lei of Surfing is another annual surfing event that finds place in Makaha 3 Besides Makaha Beach Park other surfing areas in Makaha includes for instance Aki s Beach 23 the Blowhole 24 Bowl 25 Charlie s Reef 26 and Cornets 27 waterDemographics editHistorical population CensusPop Note 20209 916 U S Decennial Census 28 As of the census 29 of 2000 there were 7 753 people 2 388 households and 1 721 families residing in the CDP The population density was 3 324 7 inhabitants per square mile 1 283 7 km2 There were 3 208 housing units at an average density of 1 375 7 per square mile 531 2 km2 The racial makeup of the CDP was 19 00 White 1 39 African American 0 71 Native American 15 23 Asian 21 90 Pacific Islander 1 63 from other races and 40 14 from two or more races Hispanic or Latino of any race were 17 86 of the population There were 2 388 households out of which 37 8 had children under the age of 18 living with them 44 9 were married couples living together 19 6 had a female householder with no husband present and 27 9 were non families 20 8 of all households were made up of individuals and 5 3 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older The average household size was 3 20 and the average family size was 3 70 In the CDP the population was spread out with 31 7 under the age of 18 11 3 from 18 to 24 26 1 from 25 to 44 20 5 from 45 to 64 and 10 3 who were 65 years of age or older The median age was 30 years For every 100 females there were 98 9 males For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 95 1 males The median income for a household in the CDP was 35 674 and the median income for a family was 36 563 Males had a median income of 34 081 versus 24 606 for females The per capita income for the CDP was 14 267 About 22 3 of families and 23 9 of the population were below the poverty line including 32 8 of those under age 18 and 9 3 of those age 65 or over Education editThe Hawaii Department of Education operates the public schools 30 Makaha Elementary School is in the CDP while Kamaile Elementary School is outside of the CDP Waianae High School which has a Waianae postal address 31 is physically located in two CDPs 32 mostly in Makaha 30 and partially in Waianae 33 References edit 2020 U S Gazetteer Files United States Census Bureau Retrieved December 18 2021 Makaha HI ZIP Code zipdatamaps com 2023 Retrieved January 26 2023 a b c Gabbard Andrea 2000 Girl in the Curl A Century of Women in Surfing Seal Press p 23 ISBN 9781580050487 a b Chase Linda 2008 Surfing Women of the Waves Gibbs Smith Page 39 ISBN 9781423601791 Coleman Stuart Holmes 2009 Fierce Heart The Story of Makaha and the Soul of Hawaiian Surfing Macmillan Page 1 ISBN 9781429937702 a b c Ward Greg 2011 The Rough Guide to Hawaii Penguin p 123 ISBN 9781405385817 a b Pager Sheryl Groden and Sean Pager 2006 Off the Beaten Path Hawaii Globe Pequot p 130 ISBN 9780762742004 Sumpter Rod 2004 100 Best Surf Spots in the World The World s Best Breaks for Surfers in Search of the Perfect Wave Globe Pequot Page 34 ISBN 9780762725984 Kirch Patrick Vinton 1997 Feathered Gods and Fishhooks An Introduction to Hawaiian Archaeology and Prehistory University of Hawaii Press Page 274 ISBN 9780824819385 Tryon George Washington and Charles Montague Cooke 1916 Manual of Conchology Structural and Systematic With Illustrations of the Species Pulmonata Volumes 21 23 Harvard University p 345 Dunford Lisa and Sara Benson 2012 Lonely Planet Discover Honolulu Waikiki amp Oahu Lonely Planet ISBN 9781743213377 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics 2010 Demographic Profile Data DP 1 Makaha CDP Hawaii United States Census Bureau Retrieved May 22 2012 Makaha Hawaii HI 96792 profile Population maps real estate averages homes statistics relocation travel jobs hospitals schools crime moving houses news sex offenders Frasure Carrie and Sean Pager 2010 Hawaii Off the Beaten Path A Guide to Unique Places Rowman amp Littlefield p 126 ISBN 9780762762446 Campbell Jeff 2010 Lonely Planet Hawaii Lonely Planet p 30 ISBN 9781742203447 Lueras Lorca and Leonard 2014 Surfing Hawaii The Ultimate Guide to the World s Most Challenging Waves Tuttle Publishing p 137 ISBN 9781462909360 Ward Greg 2011 The Rough Guide to Hawaii Penguin pp 123 124 ISBN 9781405385817 US Gazetteer files 2010 2000 and 1990 United States Census Bureau 2011 02 12 Retrieved 2011 04 23 a b Kennedy Scott and Sara Benson 2009 Honolulu Waikiki amp O ahu Lonely Planet p 235 ISBN 9781741048650 Makaha Beach Park Oahu Bohman Mary Beth 2006 Fodor s O ahu With Honolulu Waikiki and the North Shore Fodor s Travel Publications p 83 ISBN 9781400016419 Houston James D and Ben R Finney 1996 Surfing A History of the Ancient Hawaiian Sport Pomegranate p 75 ISBN 9780876545942 Clark John R K 2002 Hawai i Place Names Shores Beaches and Surf Sites University of Hawaii Press p 8 ISBN 9780824824518 Clark John R K 2002 Hawai i Place Names Shores Beaches and Surf Sites University of Hawaii Press Page 32 ISBN 9780824824518 Clark John R K 2002 Hawai i Place Names Shores Beaches and Surf Sites University of Hawaii Press p 33 ISBN 9780824824518 Clark John R K 2002 Hawai i Place Names Shores Beaches and Surf Sites University of Hawaii Press p 45 ISBN 9780824824518 Clark John R K 2002 Hawai i Place Names Shores Beaches and Surf Sites University of Hawaii Press p 53 ISBN 9780824824518 Census of Population and Housing Census gov Retrieved June 4 2016 U S Census website United States Census Bureau Retrieved 2008 01 31 a b 2010 CENSUS CENSUS BLOCK MAP Makaha CDP HI PDF U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2020 10 10 2000 Map CENSUS 2000 BLOCK MAP MAKAHA CDP PDF U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2020 10 10 Compare this map to locations of schools Transcript Request Form PDF Waianae High School Retrieved 2020 10 10 85 251 Farrington Hwy Waianae HI 96792 See the physical plant and school map official website which is apparent in a mapping program see Hawaii GIS maps 2010 CENSUS CENSUS BLOCK MAP Waianae CDP HI PDF U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2020 10 10 2000 Map CENSUS 2000 BLOCK MAP WAIANAE CDP PDF U S Census Bureau Retrieved 2020 10 10 1 and 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Makaha Hawaii amp oldid 1137030337, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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