Méma is a region in Mali, Africa. A plain of alluvial deposits, it is situated north of Massina; west of Lake Debo and the Inner Niger Delta; and southwest of the Lakes Region.[1] The now-senescent basin may have been the first settlement area for communities who migrated from distressed homelands of the Sahara during the last two millennia BC.[2] Historically, Mema was one of the smaller Soninke states; it was also at one time a province of Ghana Empire.[3]
Toladié, which dates between at least 430 CE and 670 CE, is the largest occupation site (76 hectares) in Mema.[4] As a primary center in the region, Toladié utilized smelted iron tools produced by the communities of Akumbu, Boubou, Boundou, Boulel, Kobadie, Kolima, and Nampala for purposes of tribute and trade with the Ghana Empire.[5]
At the Akumbu mound complex, in Mema, its findings date between 400 CE and 1400 CE; at the cultural deposit of AK3, which contained three human remains, the dates range between 400 CE and 600 CE.[6] While two out of three human remains were in a fully decomposed state, one of the human remains were able to be determined to be a young adult (17-25 years old) female, who was buried with two copper bracelets - one on each wrist, 13 cowrie shells, 11 stone beads, and a fully intact pot.[6]
References
^Togola, Téréba (2008). Archaeological investigations of Iron Age sites in the Mema Region, Mali (West Africa). Archaeopress. p. 3. ISBN978-1-4073-0178-5. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
^Anderson, David; Rathbone, Richard (2000). Africa's Urban Past. James Currey Publishers. pp. 27–. ISBN978-0-85255-761-7. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
^Levtzion, Nehemia (1973). Ancient Ghana and Mali. Taylor & Francis. pp. 27, 50–. GGKEY:H6DG0T4PJC4. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
^MacDonald, Kevin (Jul 4, 2013). Complex Societies, Urbanism, And Trade In The Western Sahel. OUP Oxford. p. 839. ISBN978-0-19-162614-2.
^Holl, Augustin F.C. (Aug 16, 2000). Metals and Precolonial African Society. AltaMira Press. pp. 57–58. ISBN9781461705925.
^ abTogola, Tereba. "Archaeological investigations of Iron Age sites in the Mema region, Mali (West Africa)" (PDF). Rice University's digital scholarship archive. University Microfilms International.
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méma, mema, redirects, here, other, uses, mema, disambiguation, region, mali, africa, plain, alluvial, deposits, situated, north, massina, west, lake, debo, inner, niger, delta, southwest, lakes, region, senescent, basin, have, been, first, settlement, area, c. mema redirects here For other uses see MEMA disambiguation Mema is a region in Mali Africa A plain of alluvial deposits it is situated north of Massina west of Lake Debo and the Inner Niger Delta and southwest of the Lakes Region 1 The now senescent basin may have been the first settlement area for communities who migrated from distressed homelands of the Sahara during the last two millennia BC 2 Historically Mema was one of the smaller Soninke states it was also at one time a province of Ghana Empire 3 Toladie which dates between at least 430 CE and 670 CE is the largest occupation site 76 hectares in Mema 4 As a primary center in the region Toladie utilized smelted iron tools produced by the communities of Akumbu Boubou Boundou Boulel Kobadie Kolima and Nampala for purposes of tribute and trade with the Ghana Empire 5 At the Akumbu mound complex in Mema its findings date between 400 CE and 1400 CE at the cultural deposit of AK3 which contained three human remains the dates range between 400 CE and 600 CE 6 While two out of three human remains were in a fully decomposed state one of the human remains were able to be determined to be a young adult 17 25 years old female who was buried with two copper bracelets one on each wrist 13 cowrie shells 11 stone beads and a fully intact pot 6 References Edit Togola Tereba 2008 Archaeological investigations of Iron Age sites in the Mema Region Mali West Africa Archaeopress p 3 ISBN 978 1 4073 0178 5 Retrieved 13 July 2012 Anderson David Rathbone Richard 2000 Africa s Urban Past James Currey Publishers pp 27 ISBN 978 0 85255 761 7 Retrieved 13 July 2012 Levtzion Nehemia 1973 Ancient Ghana and Mali Taylor amp Francis pp 27 50 GGKEY H6DG0T4PJC4 Retrieved 13 July 2012 MacDonald Kevin Jul 4 2013 Complex Societies Urbanism And Trade In The Western Sahel OUP Oxford p 839 ISBN 978 0 19 162614 2 Holl Augustin F C Aug 16 2000 Metals and Precolonial African Society AltaMira Press pp 57 58 ISBN 9781461705925 a b Togola Tereba Archaeological investigations of Iron Age sites in the Mema region Mali West Africa PDF Rice University s digital scholarship archive University Microfilms International This North African location article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mema amp oldid 1059970901, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
