Muyuq Marka,[1] also Muyuqmarka (Quechua, hispanicized spellings Moyoc Marca, Muyucmarca, Muyuqmarca, Muyucmarka, Muyuc Marca, Muyuc Marka), is an archaeological site in Peru. It is the base of what was a round Incan tower, which is situated within the fortress Saksaywaman above Cuzco.[2] It was used as a Temple of Inti (god Sun),[3] but became part of a complex of rectangular buildings which mostly still remain today.[2] However, the temple and the two flanking towers were dismantled during the Spanish rule.[4] What remains of Muyuq Marka indicates that it was "a round building with an open central court which had a fountain."[5] The temple had triple walls,[6] which were aligned with the zenith sunrise and the antizenith sunset.[7]
Muyuq Marka
The base of the circular tower of Muyuq Marka still remains
It was one of the three towers that were in the upper part of the Inca temple of Sacsayhuamán. This tower is famous because in 1536, in the Battle of Sacsayhuaman the Inca army soldier named Cahuide jumped from the top of the tower so as not to fall into the hands of the Spaniards.[8] According to "Inca" Garcilaso de la Vega this tower was a store of pure water.
The Muyuqmarka consists of three concentric, circular stone walls connected by a series of radial walls. There are three channels constructed to bring water into what many scientists consider to be a reservoir. A web-like pattern of 34 lines intersects at the center and there is also a pattern of concentric circles that corresponded to the location of the circular walls.
Originally, the Myuqmarka was a building with 4 superposed floors. The first body would have had a square floor; the second would have been cylindrical; the third would have had also a cylindrical shape. The successive would have formed circular cultivation terraces with decreasing width, being the widest of 3.6 m and the narrowest of 3 m. The tower would have ended up in a conic ceiling. Muyu Marca must have reached a total height of 20 meters. It was an amazing work that generated the admiration of several chroniclers. The Spaniards destroyed it, in spite of the protests both from Cieza and Inca Garcilaso. (3)[9]
Description by the chroniclesedit
View of Muyuq Marka with the city of Cusco in the background.
Several chroniclers name three towers that were on top of the hill of Sacsayhuamán. One of them is Pedro Sánchez de la Hoz who entered Cusco along with Francisco Pizarro. In his chronicle he tells us that in Sacsayhuamán there were three towers, the one in the middle in a cubic form of four or five bodies superimposed one on top of the other.[10] However, Garcilaso de la Vega contradicts him by stating that the middle tower was circular in shape. But both agree that there were three towers and that their sizes were considerable. "Inca" Garcilaso narrates that under the towers there were huge tunnels that interconnected with each other even between the three towers, he also says that in his childhood he used to play there but only until the beginning of its destruction by the Spaniards.[11] Subsequently, Pedro Pizarro referred to two towers "formed by two very tall cubes", probably he only managed to observe Paucamarca and Sallacmarca because Muyuq Marka had already been destroyed by the Spaniards.
^Diccionario Quechua - Español - Quechua, Academía Mayor de la Lengua Quechua, Gobierno Regional Cusco, Cusco 2005: Muyuq Marka - s. Arqueol. (Recinto circular de más de dos niveles). Pequeño grupo arqueológico de estructuras de factura inka. ... .
^ abWilliamson, Ray A. (1981). Archaeoastronomy in the Americas. Ballena Press. p. 326. ISBN978-0-87919-094-1. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Aveni, Anthony F. (1977). Native American astronomy. University of Texas Press. ISBN978-0-292-75511-6. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Beltrán, Miriam (1970). Cuzco: window on Perú. Knopf. pp. 31–4. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Kropp, Miriam (1956). Cuzco: window on Peru. Studio Publications. p. 15. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Hewett, Edgar Lee (1968). Ancient Andean Life. Biblo & Tannen Publishers. p. 262. ISBN978-0-8196-0204-6. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Bauer, Brian S. (1995). Astronomy and empire in the ancient Andes: the cultural origins of Inca sky watching. University of Texas Press. ISBN978-0-292-70837-2. Retrieved 16 July 2012.
^Willka Jankani y Carlos Piazzini N. (compilers), Muyucmarca de Sacsayhuamán.
muyuq, marka, also, muyuqmarka, quechua, hispanicized, spellings, moyoc, marca, muyucmarca, muyuqmarca, muyucmarka, muyuc, marca, muyuc, marka, archaeological, site, peru, base, what, round, incan, tower, which, situated, within, fortress, saksaywaman, above, . Muyuq Marka 1 also Muyuqmarka Quechua hispanicized spellings Moyoc Marca Muyucmarca Muyuqmarca Muyucmarka Muyuc Marca Muyuc Marka is an archaeological site in Peru It is the base of what was a round Incan tower which is situated within the fortress Saksaywaman above Cuzco 2 It was used as a Temple of Inti god Sun 3 but became part of a complex of rectangular buildings which mostly still remain today 2 However the temple and the two flanking towers were dismantled during the Spanish rule 4 What remains of Muyuq Marka indicates that it was a round building with an open central court which had a fountain 5 The temple had triple walls 6 which were aligned with the zenith sunrise and the antizenith sunset 7 Muyuq MarkaThe base of the circular tower of Muyuq Marka still remainsShown within PeruLocationCusco Cusco Region PeruRegionAndesCoordinates13 30 32 5 S 71 58 58 3 W 13 509028 S 71 982861 W 13 509028 71 982861TypeSanctuaryPart ofSaksaywaman It was one of the three towers that were in the upper part of the Inca temple of Sacsayhuaman This tower is famous because in 1536 in the Battle of Sacsayhuaman the Inca army soldier named Cahuide jumped from the top of the tower so as not to fall into the hands of the Spaniards 8 According to Inca Garcilaso de la Vega this tower was a store of pure water The Muyuqmarka consists of three concentric circular stone walls connected by a series of radial walls There are three channels constructed to bring water into what many scientists consider to be a reservoir A web like pattern of 34 lines intersects at the center and there is also a pattern of concentric circles that corresponded to the location of the circular walls Originally the Myuqmarka was a building with 4 superposed floors The first body would have had a square floor the second would have been cylindrical the third would have had also a cylindrical shape The successive would have formed circular cultivation terraces with decreasing width being the widest of 3 6 m and the narrowest of 3 m The tower would have ended up in a conic ceiling Muyu Marca must have reached a total height of 20 meters It was an amazing work that generated the admiration of several chroniclers The Spaniards destroyed it in spite of the protests both from Cieza and Inca Garcilaso 3 9 Description by the chronicles edit nbsp View of Muyuq Marka with the city of Cusco in the background Several chroniclers name three towers that were on top of the hill of Sacsayhuaman One of them is Pedro Sanchez de la Hoz who entered Cusco along with Francisco Pizarro In his chronicle he tells us that in Sacsayhuaman there were three towers the one in the middle in a cubic form of four or five bodies superimposed one on top of the other 10 However Garcilaso de la Vega contradicts him by stating that the middle tower was circular in shape But both agree that there were three towers and that their sizes were considerable Inca Garcilaso narrates that under the towers there were huge tunnels that interconnected with each other even between the three towers he also says that in his childhood he used to play there but only until the beginning of its destruction by the Spaniards 11 Subsequently Pedro Pizarro referred to two towers formed by two very tall cubes probably he only managed to observe Paucamarca and Sallacmarca because Muyuq Marka had already been destroyed by the Spaniards nbsp Map of Sacsayhuaman See also editList of buildings and structures in Cusco Plaza de Armas Cusco References edit Diccionario Quechua Espanol Quechua Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua Gobierno Regional Cusco Cusco 2005 Muyuq Marka s Arqueol Recinto circular de mas de dos niveles Pequeno grupo arqueologico de estructuras de factura inka a b Williamson Ray A 1981 Archaeoastronomy in the Americas Ballena Press p 326 ISBN 978 0 87919 094 1 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Aveni Anthony F 1977 Native American astronomy University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0 292 75511 6 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Beltran Miriam 1970 Cuzco window on Peru Knopf pp 31 4 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Kropp Miriam 1956 Cuzco window on Peru Studio Publications p 15 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Hewett Edgar Lee 1968 Ancient Andean Life Biblo amp Tannen Publishers p 262 ISBN 978 0 8196 0204 6 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Bauer Brian S 1995 Astronomy and empire in the ancient Andes the cultural origins of Inca sky watching University of Texas Press ISBN 978 0 292 70837 2 Retrieved 16 July 2012 Willka Jankani y Carlos Piazzini N compilers Muyucmarca de Sacsayhuaman Sacsayhuaman Peru Victor Angles Vargas 1990 Sacsayhuaman portento arquitectonico Lima Industrial Grafica p 27 Inca Garcilaso de la Vega Comentarios Reales de los Incas 1609 Comentarios Reales de los Incas PDF Pedro Crasbeeck pp 67 of the original book Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muyuq Marka amp oldid 1194807395, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
