fbpx
Wikipedia

Muse, Myanmar

January 15, 2023

Muse (Burmese: မူဆယ်မြို့; MLCTS: mu hcai mrui.; Shan: မူႇၸေႊ) is the capital town of Mu Se Township (also spelled as Muse Township) in northern Shan State, Myanmar. It is situated on the Shweli River (Nam Mao), and is connected by a bridge and road to Ruili (Shweli, [ʃwèlì], in Burmese) in Yunnan Province, China.[1][2][3]

Muse
မူဆယ်မြို့ (ဝဵင်းမူႇေၸႊ)
Town
Downtown Muse
Muse
Location in Myanmar (Burma)
Coordinates: 23°58′45″N 97°54′17″E / 23.97917°N 97.90472°E / 23.97917; 97.90472Coordinates: 23°58′45″N 97°54′17″E / 23.97917°N 97.90472°E / 23.97917; 97.90472
Country Myanmar
State Shan State
DistrictMu Se District
TownshipMu Se Township
Population
 (2014)
 • Religions
Buddhism Islam Christianity
Time zoneUTC+6.30 (MMT)

History

MuSe, pronounced Mu Zay, is a town situated on the bank of the ShweLi River (Nam Mao in Shan) bordering with China, Yunnan Province. The meaning of Muse is said to be Mu (community) Zay (province) = Community Province. It is one of the towns in ShweLi (toung mao in Shan). Toung Mao (ShweLi) consists of MuSe, NamKham and SeLan.

It is not known exactly who the founders of Muse were, and when was it founded. (Edited by Sai Htwe Maung from Muse)

The old bridge in Muse, dubbed the "Gun Bridge" by locals in reference to the frequency of illegal armaments trafficking through the bridge, was closed in 2005, replaced by a wider bridge parallel to it.[3]

In 2014, the governments of Myanmar and China have been discussing a border dispute in the area of Namkham and Muse.[4]

On May 23, 2021, the People's Defense Force, the armed forces of the National Unity Government clashed with Tatmadaw forces in Muse, killing 13 security guards. [5]

Transport

Muse is today connected to Mandalay via Lashio by the National Highway 3 450 km Asian Highway route 14 (AH14),[6] The old Burma Road links the new road to Bhamo in Kachin State which links to the Ledo Road.[7] Mandalay-Lashio-Muse Road included part of the Burma Road and was rebuilt and upgraded for heavy traffic in 1998 on a Build-Operate-Transfer basis (BOT) by the Asia World Company headed by the son of the former opium warlord Lo Hsing Han. It has cut the journey time from 2 days, even a week in the rainy season, to just 12–16 hours.[8] Muse is also connected to central Burma via the Mandalay-Lashio Northern Shan State Railway.[9]

Economy

Cross-border trade was banned by Ne Win after the military came to power in Burma in 1962 but the ban was lifted following negotiations in 1988. Bilateral trade has risen steadily since, increasing by 60% in the fiscal year ending 31 March 2008, and constitutes 24% of Burma's trade ranking China as a major trading partner second only to Thailand.[10]

Burma exports mainly raw materials such as agricultural produce, fish, timber, gems and minerals, and imports consumer goods, electronics, machinery and processed food.[10][11][12] Muse's '105th mile Trade Zone', a border zone of 150 hectares, opened in April 2006, the first and largest border trade camp of its kind in Burma, handling as much as 70% of cross border trade with China. A trade fair has been held annually every December since 2001 alternating between the two border towns each year with India, Bangladesh and Thailand as well as China taking part.[13]

In 2007 the local militia, under orders of the military authorities, seized 10,000 acres (40 km2) of land in the area, mainly tea and orange plantations as well as small farms, with little or no compensation, in a drive to cultivate physic nuts for biodiesel as an alternative fuel.[14][15]

On 8 May 2008, the military seized 20 truck loads of biscuits and other goods at Muse allegedly for the relief of Cyclone Nargis victims.[16]

A joint enterprise between Burma and China to construct oil and gas pipelines from the Bay of Bengal via Mandalay through Muse to Kunming in Yunnan Province starts operations in 2009.[17]

Narcotics

Recently China built a 4 km long fence on the border near Ruili in order to stop drug trafficking and two more are under construction.[10] Drug addiction is a major problem in the area.[18][19] The opium poppy harvest had increased since Lo Hsing Han managed to rebuild his drug empire after becoming the intermediary for cease-fire agreements between the military intelligence chief Khin Nyunt and the Kokang and Wa insurgents who had rebelled against and toppled the Communist leadership in 1989.[20] The World Food Program carried out emergency food assistance to former poppy farmers in 2004-2005 as pressure mounted to stop cultivation of the poppy.[21]

Gambling, drugs and prostitution flourished in Ruili, but Muse's own efforts to share in the Las Vegas style business atmosphere met with much less success. The Chinese authorities cracked down on heroin entering - but not the chemical ingredients for the amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) called yaba leaving - and also on Chinese men enjoying the same pleasures on the Burmese side of the border.[citation needed] Besides the UNODC, a number of groups and organisations such as the Asian Harm Reduction Network (AHRN) and Buddhist monks are also involved in the amelioration of the HIV/AIDS problem among drug users.[22][23]

Notes

  1. ^ "Burma Road". National Geographic Magazine, July 1995. Retrieved 2008-10-25.
  2. ^ Mansfield, Stephen. "Myanmar's Chinese Connection". The Japan Times, May 13, 1999. Retrieved 2008-10-25.
  3. ^ a b Fullbrook, David. . Asia Times Sep 30, 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-10-19. Retrieved 2008-10-25.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  4. ^ Nyein Nyein Govt Working With China on Border Dispute in Shan State
  5. ^ "Myanmar: 13 security forces members killed in clash with anti-coup bloc's defence force". ANI News. 24 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  6. ^ "Asian Highway in Myanmar" (PDF). unescap.org. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  7. ^ Win Nyunt Lwin. . Myanmar Times October 4–10, 2004. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  8. ^ Toshihiro Kudo (2008). "Dictatorship, disorder and decline in Myanmar, Chapter 6 - Myanmar's economic relations with China: who benefits and who pays?" (PDF). Australian National University. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  9. ^ "Train travel in Myanmar(Burma)". seat61.com. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  10. ^ a b c Wai Moe. "China Builds Fence on Part of Burma's Kachin Border". The Irrawaddy December 23, 2008. Retrieved 2008-12-25.
  11. ^ . China View 2008-12-25. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  12. ^ Sann Oo. . Myanmar Times July 30 - August 5, 2007. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  13. ^ . New Light of Myanmar 20 December 2006. Archived from the original on 23 September 2007. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
  14. ^ Khun Sam. . The Irrawaddy June 11, 2007. Archived from the original on August 12, 2010. Retrieved 2008-12-31.
  15. ^ . MRTV3. Archived from the original on 2011-07-19. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  16. ^ (PDF). Shan Women’s Action Network Newsletter,October 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-04. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  17. ^ Eric Watkins (2008-11-20). "Myanmar awards China pipeline rights". Oil&Gas Journal. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  18. ^ "Strategic Programme Framework: Union of Myanmar 2004-2007" (PDF). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  19. ^ . Shan Herald Agency for News (SHAN). Archived from the original on 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  20. ^ Bertil Lintner. "The Golden Triangle Opium Trade: An Overview" (PDF). Asia Pacific Media Services, March 2000. Retrieved 2009-01-04.
  21. ^ (PDF). WFP. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2005-05-21. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  22. ^ "Fund for HIV/AIDS in Myanmar (FHAM)". Asian Harm Reduction Network (AHRN). Retrieved 2009-01-01.
  23. ^ "HIV/AIDS education and training in Yunnan, China and the Shan State, Burma - By The Sangha Metta Project, November 2000". buddhanet.net. Retrieved 2009-01-01.

External links

  • Muse, bridge over Shweli, and Ruili WikiMapia
  • Kyegaung checkpoint, Myanmar-China border at Muse-Ruili Asterism
  • Shan State map: 1 = Muse, I = Ruili Asterism
  • Renaud Egreteau
  • MRTV3 video
  • Fifth Destruction of Seized Narcotic Drugs, March 21, 2005 Ministry of Foreign Affairs
  • Department of Border Trade
  • illegal-logging.info, 17 August 2006
  • illegal-logging.info, 19 June 2007
  • Mizzima News, 14 January 2009

January 15, 2023
muse, myanmar, muse, burmese, ဆယ, mlcts, hcai, mrui, shan, capital, town, township, also, spelled, muse, township, northern, shan, state, myanmar, situated, shweli, river, connected, bridge, road, ruili, shweli, ʃwèlì, burmese, yunnan, province, china, muse, ဆ. Muse Burmese မ ဆယ မ MLCTS mu hcai mrui Shan မ ၸ is the capital town of Mu Se Township also spelled as Muse Township in northern Shan State Myanmar It is situated on the Shweli River Nam Mao and is connected by a bridge and road to Ruili Shweli ʃweli in Burmese in Yunnan Province China 1 2 3 Muse မ ဆယ မ ဝ င မ ၸ TownDowntown MuseMuseLocation in Myanmar Burma Coordinates 23 58 45 N 97 54 17 E 23 97917 N 97 90472 E 23 97917 97 90472 Coordinates 23 58 45 N 97 54 17 E 23 97917 N 97 90472 E 23 97917 97 90472Country MyanmarState Shan StateDistrictMu Se DistrictTownshipMu Se TownshipPopulation 2014 ReligionsBuddhism Islam ChristianityTime zoneUTC 6 30 MMT Contents 1 History 2 Transport 3 Economy 4 Narcotics 5 Notes 6 External linksHistory EditMuSe pronounced Mu Zay is a town situated on the bank of the ShweLi River Nam Mao in Shan bordering with China Yunnan Province The meaning of Muse is said to be Mu community Zay province Community Province It is one of the towns in ShweLi toung mao in Shan Toung Mao ShweLi consists of MuSe NamKham and SeLan It is not known exactly who the founders of Muse were and when was it founded Edited by Sai Htwe Maung from Muse The old bridge in Muse dubbed the Gun Bridge by locals in reference to the frequency of illegal armaments trafficking through the bridge was closed in 2005 replaced by a wider bridge parallel to it 3 In 2014 the governments of Myanmar and China have been discussing a border dispute in the area of Namkham and Muse 4 On May 23 2021 the People s Defense Force the armed forces of the National Unity Government clashed with Tatmadaw forces in Muse killing 13 security guards 5 Transport EditMuse is today connected to Mandalay via Lashio by the National Highway 3 450 km Asian Highway route 14 AH14 6 The old Burma Road links the new road to Bhamo in Kachin State which links to the Ledo Road 7 Mandalay Lashio Muse Road included part of the Burma Road and was rebuilt and upgraded for heavy traffic in 1998 on a Build Operate Transfer basis BOT by the Asia World Company headed by the son of the former opium warlord Lo Hsing Han It has cut the journey time from 2 days even a week in the rainy season to just 12 16 hours 8 Muse is also connected to central Burma via the Mandalay Lashio Northern Shan State Railway 9 Economy EditCross border trade was banned by Ne Win after the military came to power in Burma in 1962 but the ban was lifted following negotiations in 1988 Bilateral trade has risen steadily since increasing by 60 in the fiscal year ending 31 March 2008 and constitutes 24 of Burma s trade ranking China as a major trading partner second only to Thailand 10 Burma exports mainly raw materials such as agricultural produce fish timber gems and minerals and imports consumer goods electronics machinery and processed food 10 11 12 Muse s 105th mile Trade Zone a border zone of 150 hectares opened in April 2006 the first and largest border trade camp of its kind in Burma handling as much as 70 of cross border trade with China A trade fair has been held annually every December since 2001 alternating between the two border towns each year with India Bangladesh and Thailand as well as China taking part 13 In 2007 the local militia under orders of the military authorities seized 10 000 acres 40 km2 of land in the area mainly tea and orange plantations as well as small farms with little or no compensation in a drive to cultivate physic nuts for biodiesel as an alternative fuel 14 15 On 8 May 2008 the military seized 20 truck loads of biscuits and other goods at Muse allegedly for the relief of Cyclone Nargis victims 16 A joint enterprise between Burma and China to construct oil and gas pipelines from the Bay of Bengal via Mandalay through Muse to Kunming in Yunnan Province starts operations in 2009 17 Narcotics EditRecently China built a 4 km long fence on the border near Ruili in order to stop drug trafficking and two more are under construction 10 Drug addiction is a major problem in the area 18 19 The opium poppy harvest had increased since Lo Hsing Han managed to rebuild his drug empire after becoming the intermediary for cease fire agreements between the military intelligence chief Khin Nyunt and the Kokang and Wa insurgents who had rebelled against and toppled the Communist leadership in 1989 20 The World Food Program carried out emergency food assistance to former poppy farmers in 2004 2005 as pressure mounted to stop cultivation of the poppy 21 Gambling drugs and prostitution flourished in Ruili but Muse s own efforts to share in the Las Vegas style business atmosphere met with much less success The Chinese authorities cracked down on heroin entering but not the chemical ingredients for the amphetamine type stimulant ATS called yaba leaving and also on Chinese men enjoying the same pleasures on the Burmese side of the border citation needed Besides the UNODC a number of groups and organisations such as the Asian Harm Reduction Network AHRN and Buddhist monks are also involved in the amelioration of the HIV AIDS problem among drug users 22 23 Notes Edit Burma Road National Geographic Magazine July 1995 Retrieved 2008 10 25 Mansfield Stephen Myanmar s Chinese Connection The Japan Times May 13 1999 Retrieved 2008 10 25 a b Fullbrook David Inland China s route to prosperity Asia Times Sep 30 2006 Archived from the original on 2006 10 19 Retrieved 2008 10 25 a href Template Cite news html title Template Cite news cite news a CS1 maint unfit URL link Nyein Nyein Govt Working With China on Border Dispute in Shan State Myanmar 13 security forces members killed in clash with anti coup bloc s defence force ANI News 24 May 2021 Retrieved 26 May 2021 Asian Highway in Myanmar PDF unescap org Retrieved 2009 01 01 Win Nyunt Lwin Historic road links wilderness and culture Myanmar Times October 4 10 2004 Archived from the original on 2008 10 06 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Toshihiro Kudo 2008 Dictatorship disorder and decline in Myanmar Chapter 6 Myanmar s economic relations with China who benefits and who pays PDF Australian National University Retrieved 2009 01 01 Train travel in Myanmar Burma seat61 com Retrieved 2009 01 01 a b c Wai Moe China Builds Fence on Part of Burma s Kachin Border The Irrawaddy December 23 2008 Retrieved 2008 12 25 Myanmar to export 200 000 tons of maize grain to China next year China View 2008 12 25 Archived from the original on October 23 2012 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Sann Oo Too many eels create slippery export issue Myanmar Times July 30 August 5 2007 Archived from the original on July 16 2011 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Growing Sino Myanmar trade contributes much to regional development and transport improvement Myanmar China Trade Fair opened in Muse Shan State North New Light of Myanmar 20 December 2006 Archived from the original on 23 September 2007 Retrieved 2008 12 31 Khun Sam Militia Seizes Land in Shan State for Physic Nut Crops The Irrawaddy June 11 2007 Archived from the original on August 12 2010 Retrieved 2008 12 31 Myanmar to produce bio diesel from jatropha curcas MRTV3 Archived from the original on 2011 07 19 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Aid to Burma only on the regime s terms PDF Shan Women s Action Network Newsletter October 2008 Archived from the original PDF on 2011 10 04 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Eric Watkins 2008 11 20 Myanmar awards China pipeline rights Oil amp Gas Journal Retrieved 2009 01 01 Strategic Programme Framework Union of Myanmar 2004 2007 PDF United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Retrieved 2009 01 01 Community run rehab centers in the north Shan Herald Agency for News SHAN Archived from the original on 2009 02 11 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Bertil Lintner The Golden Triangle Opium Trade An Overview PDF Asia Pacific Media Services March 2000 Retrieved 2009 01 04 EMOP 10345 0 Emergency Food Assistance to Ex Poppy Farmers in Northern Shan State Myanmar PDF WFP Archived from the original PDF on 2005 05 21 Retrieved 2009 01 01 Fund for HIV AIDS in Myanmar FHAM Asian Harm Reduction Network AHRN Retrieved 2009 01 01 HIV AIDS education and training in Yunnan China and the Shan State Burma By The Sangha Metta Project November 2000 buddhanet net Retrieved 2009 01 01 External links EditMuse bridge over Shweli and Ruili WikiMapia Kyegaung checkpoint Myanmar China border at Muse Ruili Asterism Shan State map 1 Muse I Ruili Asterism Photo of the Gun Bridge over the Shweli Renaud Egreteau Mandalay Lashio Muse Union Highway MRTV3 video Fifth Destruction of Seized Narcotic Drugs March 21 2005 Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2008 Myanmar China border trade fair Muse Department of Border Trade Htoo Trading only company with timber export license illegal logging info 17 August 2006 Shan Rare Tree Trade Aggravates Deforestation illegal logging info 19 June 2007 China provides more military trucks to Burma Mizzima News 14 January 2009 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muse Myanmar amp oldid 1098114609, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.