Gary Paulsen
Gary James Paulsen (May 17, 1939 – October 13, 2021) was an American writer of children's and young adult fiction, best known for coming-of-age stories about the wilderness. He was the author of more than 200 books and wrote more than 200 magazine articles and short stories, and several plays, all primarily for teenagers. He won the Margaret Edwards Award from the American Library Association in 1997 for his lifetime contribution in writing for teens.[1]
Gary Paulsen | |
|---|---|
Paulsen in 2012 | |
| Born | Gary James Paulsen May 17, 1939 Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. |
| Died | October 13, 2021 (aged 82) Tularosa, New Mexico, U.S. |
| Occupation | Author |
| Period | 1966–2021 |
| Genre | Children's fiction, young adult fiction, adventure novels, nonfiction |
| Subject | Adventure memoirs, sports |
| Notable works | |
| Notable awards | Margaret Edwards Award 1997 |
| Spouse | Ruth Wright Paulsen |
| Children | 3 |
| Signature | |
| Website | |
| www | |
Early life Edit
Gary Paulsen was born on May 17, 1939, in Minneapolis to Oscar Paulsen and Eunice Paulsen, née Moen.[2] His father was a career army officer who departed soon after Gary’s birth to join General Patton’s staff. Gary next saw his father at age 7 when he and his mother sailed to the Philippines to join him at his army base. He and his mother lived in Thief River Falls, Minnesota.[3] When Gary was 4, his mother took him to live in Chicago. Before World War II ended, she sent him to live with relatives on a farm for a year.[4]
He wrote some fragmented autobiographical works describing his early life, such as Eastern Sun, Winter Moon: An Autobiographical Odyssey. The book, which is written in the first person, begins when he was seven, living in Chicago with his mother. Paulsen described several traumatic occurrences that transpired during the three years that are chronicled by the book. For example, one day while his mother was napping, Gary sneaked outside to play. There a vagrant snatched him and attempted to molest him, but his mother suddenly appeared on the scene and beat the man.[5] Paulsen reported an affair his mother had in Eastern Sun. He also discussed his mother's alcoholism.[6]
When World War II ended, Gary's father sent for him and his mother to come to join him in the Philippines, where he was stationed. A great part of the book Eastern Sun, Winter Moon is dedicated to the voyage by naval vessels (liberty ships) to the Philippines. During the trip, Gary witnessed a plane crash. He, his mother, and the people who were also being transported on this liberty ship looked on as many of the airplane's passengers were killed or maimed by the sharks that would follow the ship consuming waste. His mother, the only woman aboard, helped the ship's corpsman care for the surviving victims. After arriving in Hawaii, according to Paulsen, his mother began an affair with the corpsman.[7]
In elementary school, he was quite deficient at literacy class and struggled with it. The accounts in Eastern Sun ended when Gary and his mother left Manila.
Bits and pieces of Gary's adolescence can be cobbled together in Guts: The True Stories Behind Hatchet and the Brian Books. In that book, Paulsen discusses how he survived between the ages of twelve and fourteen back in Minnesota. He barely mentions his parents except to say that they were too busy being drunk to stock the refrigerator. He worked several jobs during this time, including setting pins at a bowling alley, delivering newspapers, and working as a farmhand. He bought his own school supplies and a .22 single-shot rifle, which he used to hunt for sustenance. Eventually, he gave up the rifle and manufactured his own bow and arrows, which he used to hunt deer.[8]
Paulsen graduated from Lincoln High School in Thief River Falls, Minnesota.[9] He attended Bemidji State University, but dropped out. He served in the U.S. Army between 1959 and 1962, attaining the rank of sergeant while working with missiles. His army service brought him to New Mexico for a while, a place in which he later chose to settle.[2][3]
Careers Edit
Much of what is known about Paulsen's life was revealed in the prologues and epilogues of his own books. In The Quilt, one of a series of three novels based on summers spent with his grandmother, Paulsen recounts what a tremendous influence his grandmother had on him. It is difficult to say how factual an autobiography The Quilt is intended to be, as Paulsen is supposed to have been six years old in this story and yet he made references to events found in Eastern Sun, which is supposed to have been set later. He also refers to himself, in this book, in the third person and only as "the boy".[10]
Much of Paulsen's work features the outdoors and highlights the importance of nature. He often uses "coming of age" themes in his novels, where a character masters the art of survival in isolation as a rite of passage to manhood and maturity. He was critical of technology and has been called a Luddite.[11]
According to Paulsen's New York Times obituary, Hatchet (1986), is probably his best-known novel.[4] Other well known works include Dogsong (1985) and The Winter Room (1989).[12]
The ALA Margaret Edwards Award recognizes one writer and a particular body of work for a "significant and lasting contribution to young adult literature". Paulsen won the annual award in 1997, when the panel cited six books published from 1983 to 1990: Dancing Carl, Hatchet (first in the series), The Crossing, The Winter Room, Canyons, and Woodsong. The citation noted that "[t]he theme of survival is woven throughout, whether it is living through a plane crash or living in an abusive, alcoholic household" and emphasized Hatchet in particular for "encompassing a survival theme in all its aspects, physical as well as psychological".[1]
Three of Paulsen's books were runners-up for the Newbery Medal, the premier ALA annual book award for children's literature: Dogsong, Hatchet, and The Winter Room.[13]
Personal life Edit
Paulsen’s first two marriages ended in divorce.[3] In the mid-1960s, Paulsen moved to Taos, New Mexico, where he met his third wife Ruth Wright.[14] In 1971, Paulsen married Ruth, an illustrator of children’s books. Paulsen had two children from his first marriage, Lynn and Lance, and a son Jim from his third marriage with Ruth Wright. Although a successful author, Paulsen said he chose to live modestly.[3] He lived throughout New Mexico, including in Santa Fe,[14] La Luz,[1] White Oaks,[15] and Tularosa.[4] He also spent time living on a houseboat on the Pacific Ocean.[16][17][18]
In 1983, Paulsen entered the 1,150-mile (1,850 km) Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race, and placed 41st[19] out of 54 finishers, with an official time of 17 days, 12 hours, 38 minutes, and 38 seconds. In 1990, suffering from heart disease, Paulsen decided to give up dog sledding, which he described as the most difficult decision he had ever made. Paulsen would spend more than a decade sailing the Pacific before getting back into dog sledding in 2003. According to his keynote speech on October 13, 2007, at the Sinclair Lewis writing conference in Sauk Centre, Minnesota, he still intended to compete in the Iditarod. He is listed in the "Withdrawn/Scratched" section of the 1985 and 2006 Iditarod. Paulsen was an outdoorsman (a hunter and trapper), who maintained a 40-acre (160,000 m2) parcel north of Willow, Alaska, where he bred and trained sled dogs for the Iditarod.[15]
Death Edit
Paulsen died from cardiac arrest at his home in Tularosa, New Mexico, 11:30 am on October 13, 2021, aged 82.[4]
Bibliography Edit
References Edit
- ^ a b c "1997 Margaret A. Edwards Award Winner" October 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Young Adult Library Services Association (YALSA). American Library Association (ALA).
"Edwards Award" April 5, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. YALSA. ALA. Retrieved 2013-10-13. - ^ a b Maughan, Shannon (October 14, 2021). "Obituary: Gary Paulsen". Publishers Weekly. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Smith, Harrison (October 14, 2021). "Gary Paulsen, who wrote the beloved young-adult novel 'Hatchet,' dies at 82". The Washington Post. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ a b c d Risen, Clay (October 14, 2021). "Gary Paulsen, Author of Young-Adult Adventures, Dies at 82". The New York Times. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ "Eastern Sun, Western Moon". Kirkus Reviews. January 1, 1993. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Leader, Zachary (May 23, 1996). "Watch with mother". London Review of Books. Vol. 18, no. 10. ISSN 0260-9592. Retrieved October 17, 2021.
- ^ Paulsen, Gary (1993). Eastern Sun, Winter Moon. New York: Harcourt Brace. p. 244. ISBN 0-15-600203-5.
- ^ Paulsen, Gary (2001). Guts: The True Stories Behind Hatchet and the Brian Books. New York: Random house. ISBN 978-0-385-32650-6.
- ^ Wheeler, Jill C. (January 1, 2015). Gary Paulsen. ABDO. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-62969-367-5. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Paulsen, Gary (2004). The Quilt. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-440-22936-7.
- ^ Goodwin Sides, Anne (August 26, 2010). "On the Road and Between the Pages, an Author Is Restless for Adventure". The New York Times. from the original on December 22, 2016. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
- ^ Horton, Adrian (October 14, 2021). "Gary Paulsen, author of young adult adventure Hatchet, dies at age 82". The Guardian. Retrieved October 17, 2021.
- ^ "Newbery Medal and Honor Books, 1922–Present" June 24, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. ALSC. ALA.
"The John Newbery Medal" July 16, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. ALSC. ALA. Retrieved 2013-10-13. - ^ a b "Best-selling writer Gary Paulsen moves to Alaska". East Bay Times. Associated Press. March 31, 2005. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ a b Goodwin Sides, Anne (August 26, 2006). "On the Road and Between the Pages, an Author Is Restless for Adventure". The New York Times. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Hulse, Jane (December 13, 1990). "HOLIDAY BOOKS : Survival at Sea : Children's book author Gary Paulsen recalls his own sailing adventures in 'The Voyage of the Frog.'". Los Angeles Times. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Campbell, Douglas (December 29, 2009). "Unfinished business at the Horn". Soundings Online. from the original on December 3, 2020. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ Italie, Hillel (October 14, 2021). "Gary Paulsen, celebrated children's author, dies at 82". Associated Press News. from the original on October 15, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
- ^ "Race Archives – Race Archives – Iditarod". iditarod.com. from the original on October 13, 2021. Retrieved October 14, 2021.
External links Edit
- Gary Paulsen at publisher Random House
- Gary Paulsen at IMDb
- Gary Paulsen at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
- Gary Paulsen at Library of Congress Authorities — with 203 catalogue records
- Interview with Gary Paulsen, Northern Lights Minnesota Author Interview TV Series #15 (1988)
- Interview with Gary Paulsen, All About Kids! TV Series #269 (1998)