The Muradiye Complex (Turkish: Muradiye Külliyesi) or the Complex of Sultan Murad II, the Ottoman sultan (reigned 1421–1451, with interruption 1444–46), is located in Bursa, Turkey.
The mosque complex commissioned by Sultan Murad II in Bursa contains twelve tombs (türbe), most belonging to relatives of this sultan.[1] Construction of the complex began after the completion of the Yeşil Mosque, which is in the eastern area of Bursa. A large earthquake in 1855 damaged much of the Muradiye complex, and restorations were completed in the late nineteenth century.[2] A further restoration project was completed in 2015.[3]
The Mosque was the first project in the complex, completed in 1426. The mosque is built in a simplified inverse T plan with a domed portico in front, constructed of brick and with four major domes.[6] Hexagonal tiles in turquoise and dark blue decorate the interior. There are two minarets, one that is old and one that is new due to collapse from the 19th century earthquake and was rebuilt in 1904. A fire damaged the mosque in the early 18th century, and so the mihrab was also rebuilt, in the rococo style.
The madrasa is located to the west of the mosque. It is composed of a central courtyard surrounded by student rooms and a classroom to the back, covered by a dome. The exterior is brick and stone. The madrasa itself does not have a construction inscription due to numerous restorations. The inscription on the mosque says the madrasa was also constructed in 1426 by Murad II.[7] Dark blue and turquoise tiles decorate the interior, while brick decorates the exterior entrance.
Sources conflict on the date of construction for the tomb of Murad II, either before his death in 1451, or after commissioned by his son Mehmed II in accordance with Murad II's will.[8] The building is constructed of brick and stone, in a square plan topped with a dome that is left open at the top. A vaulted gallery surrounds the dome, resting on Byzantine capitals. A large impressive wooden canopy over the entrance is carved in relief and embellished in star patterns. An annex contains four additional tombs, identified as those of Aladdin Ali (whom the annex is named after, “Mausoleum of Alaaddin”), Şehzade Ahmet,[9] Orhan and Şehzade Hatun.
The remaining eleven tombs belong to the rest of the sultan's family to the south of the mosque and the madrasa. They are decorated with polychrome glazed tiles mostly in blue, except for the tombs of Şehzade Mustafa and Mahidevran Hatun which is decorated in painted Iznik tiles from the 16th century in the polychrome technique.
In the 1950s the madrasa became a tuberculosis clinic and it now houses a medical centre.[10]
GalleryEdit
Front of Cem Sultan tomb
Interior Cem Sultan tomb
Interior Cem Sultan tomb
Interior Cem Sultan tomb
Entrance to Gülşah Hatun tomb
Interior Gülşah Hatun tomb
Hüma Hatun tomb interior
Hüma Hatun tomb decoration
Mükrime Hatun tomb top side mihrab
Mükrime Hatun tomb interior
Mükrime Hatun tomb exterior
Entrance Murad II tomb
Muradiye Mosque exterior
Muradiye Mosque interior
Mausoleum Sultan Alaaddin c.s. at Murad II tomb
The grave of Murad II
Şehzade Mahmud tomb interior
Şehzade Mahmud tomb exterior
Saraylar Tomb view
Şehzade Ahmed tomb exterior
Şehzade Ahmed tomb interior (detail of decoratrion above mihrab)
^Overview in: Richard H. Turnbull, “The Muradiye Complex in Bursa and the Development of the Ottoman Funerary Tradition,” PhD dissertation, Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, 2004.
^On the 19th-century restorations, see: Beatrice St. Laurent, “Léon Parvillée: His Role as Restorer of Bursa’s Monuments after the 1855 Earthquake and his Contribution to the Exposition Universelle of 1867,” in l'Empire ottoman, la République de Turquie et la France, ed. Hâmit Batu and Jean-Louis Bacqué-Grammont. Istanbul: Isis, 1986, 247–282.
^"150 YILLIK SIVANIN ALTINDAN 550 YILLIK TARİH ÇIKTI | Haberler". www.bursa.bel.tr. Retrieved 2019-03-06.
^"Sehzade Mustafa, Cihangir, Mehmed Tomb, Muhtesem Yuzyil". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-05.
^Richard H. Turnbull, “The Muradiye Complex in Bursa and the Development of the Ottoman Funerary Tradition,” PhD dissertation, Institute of Fine Arts, New York University, 2004.
^Aptullah Kuran, The Mosque in Early Ottoman Architecture. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1968, 71–72.
^Albert Gabriel, Une capitale turque: Brousse, Bursa. Paris: E. de Boccard, 1958, vol. 1, p.111; Robert Mantran, “Les inscriptions arabes de Brousse,” Bulletin d’Etudes Orientales XIV (1954): 87–114, at 94.
^On the testament, see: Mithat Sertoğlu, “İkinci Murad’ın Vasiyetnamesi,” Vakıflar Dergisi 8 (1969): 67–69 and İsmail Hakkı Uzunçarşılı, . “Sultan II. Murad’ın Vasiyetnamesi,” Vakıflar Dergisi IV (1958): 1–18.
^Albert Gabriel, Une capitale turque: Brousse, Bursa. 2 vols., Paris: E. de Boccard, 1958, vol. 1, 118
^"Muradiye Complex in Bursa, Turkey". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
External linksEdit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muradiye Complex.
"Muradiye Complex." Publications of Bursa Governorship. 2004.
Pictures of the complex in detail
Muradiye Complex, Bursa, Archnet
September 08, 2023
muradiye, complex, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citatio. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations May 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Muradiye Complex news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Muradiye Complex Turkish Muradiye Kulliyesi or the Complex of Sultan Murad II the Ottoman sultan reigned 1421 1451 with interruption 1444 46 is located in Bursa Turkey Muradiye ComplexMuradiye KulliyesiThe Muradiye ComplexReligionAffiliationIslamLocationLocationBursa TurkeyLocation of the Muradiye Complex in Turkey Geographic coordinates40 11 27 N 29 02 46 E 40 190853 N 29 046144 E 40 190853 29 046144ArchitectureTypeMosqueStyleIslamic Ottoman architectureCompleted1426 597 years ago 1426 Minaret s 2 Contents 1 History 2 Gallery 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksHistory EditThe mosque complex commissioned by Sultan Murad II in Bursa contains twelve tombs turbe most belonging to relatives of this sultan 1 Construction of the complex began after the completion of the Yesil Mosque which is in the eastern area of Bursa A large earthquake in 1855 damaged much of the Muradiye complex and restorations were completed in the late nineteenth century 2 A further restoration project was completed in 2015 3 nbsp Interior view The large complex is composed of the Muradiye Mosque Muradiye Madrasa Muradiye Bath Muradiye Hospice a fountain epitaphs and numerous tombs among others Sultan Murad II s tomb Sehzade Ahmed s tomb Cem Sultan s tomb 4 Sehzade Mustafa s tomb Mahidevran Hatun s tomb Gulsah Hatun s tomb Huma Hatun s tomb Sittisah Hatun s tomb the Saraylilar s tomb and Sirin Hatun s tomb 5 The Mosque was the first project in the complex completed in 1426 The mosque is built in a simplified inverse T plan with a domed portico in front constructed of brick and with four major domes 6 Hexagonal tiles in turquoise and dark blue decorate the interior There are two minarets one that is old and one that is new due to collapse from the 19th century earthquake and was rebuilt in 1904 A fire damaged the mosque in the early 18th century and so the mihrab was also rebuilt in the rococo style The madrasa is located to the west of the mosque It is composed of a central courtyard surrounded by student rooms and a classroom to the back covered by a dome The exterior is brick and stone The madrasa itself does not have a construction inscription due to numerous restorations The inscription on the mosque says the madrasa was also constructed in 1426 by Murad II 7 Dark blue and turquoise tiles decorate the interior while brick decorates the exterior entrance Sources conflict on the date of construction for the tomb of Murad II either before his death in 1451 or after commissioned by his son Mehmed II in accordance with Murad II s will 8 The building is constructed of brick and stone in a square plan topped with a dome that is left open at the top A vaulted gallery surrounds the dome resting on Byzantine capitals A large impressive wooden canopy over the entrance is carved in relief and embellished in star patterns An annex contains four additional tombs identified as those of Aladdin Ali whom the annex is named after Mausoleum of Alaaddin Sehzade Ahmet 9 Orhan and Sehzade Hatun The remaining eleven tombs belong to the rest of the sultan s family to the south of the mosque and the madrasa They are decorated with polychrome glazed tiles mostly in blue except for the tombs of Sehzade Mustafa and Mahidevran Hatun which is decorated in painted Iznik tiles from the 16th century in the polychrome technique In the 1950s the madrasa became a tuberculosis clinic and it now houses a medical centre 10 Gallery Edit nbsp Front of Cem Sultan tomb nbsp Interior Cem Sultan tomb nbsp Interior Cem Sultan tomb nbsp Interior Cem Sultan tomb nbsp Entrance to Gulsah Hatun tomb nbsp Interior Gulsah Hatun tomb nbsp Huma Hatun tomb interior nbsp Huma Hatun tomb decoration nbsp Mukrime Hatun tomb top side mihrab nbsp Mukrime Hatun tomb interior nbsp Mukrime Hatun tomb exterior nbsp Entrance Murad II tomb nbsp Muradiye Mosque exterior nbsp Muradiye Mosque interior nbsp Mausoleum Sultan Alaaddin c s at Murad II tomb nbsp The grave of Murad II nbsp Sehzade Mahmud tomb interior nbsp Sehzade Mahmud tomb exterior nbsp Saraylar Tomb view nbsp Sehzade Ahmed tomb exterior nbsp Sehzade Ahmed tomb interior detail of decoratrion above mihrab nbsp Sehzade Ahmed tomb interior nbsp Sehzade Mahmud tomb decoration nbsp Sehzade Mustafa tomb Exterior nbsp Sehzade Mustafa tomb decoration nbsp Sehzade Mustafa tomb decoration nbsp Sirin Hatun tomb interior nbsp Sirin Hatun tomb interiorSee also EditComplex of Mehmed I Gulruh Hatun Sirin Hatun Bulbul HatunReferences Edit Overview in Richard H Turnbull The Muradiye Complex in Bursa and the Development of the Ottoman Funerary Tradition PhD dissertation Institute of Fine Arts New York University 2004 On the 19th century restorations see Beatrice St Laurent Leon Parvillee His Role as Restorer of Bursa s Monuments after the 1855 Earthquake and his Contribution to the Exposition Universelle of 1867 in l Empire ottoman la Republique de Turquie et la France ed Hamit Batu and Jean Louis Bacque Grammont Istanbul Isis 1986 247 282 150 YILLIK SIVANIN ALTINDAN 550 YILLIK TARIH CIKTI Haberler www bursa bel tr Retrieved 2019 03 06 Sehzade Mustafa Cihangir Mehmed Tomb Muhtesem Yuzyil YouTube Archived from the original on 2021 12 05 Richard H Turnbull The Muradiye Complex in Bursa and the Development of the Ottoman Funerary Tradition PhD dissertation Institute of Fine Arts New York University 2004 Aptullah Kuran The Mosque in Early Ottoman Architecture Chicago University of Chicago Press 1968 71 72 Albert Gabriel Une capitale turque Brousse Bursa Paris E de Boccard 1958 vol 1 p 111 Robert Mantran Les inscriptions arabes de Brousse Bulletin d Etudes Orientales XIV 1954 87 114 at 94 On the testament see Mithat Sertoglu Ikinci Murad in Vasiyetnamesi Vakiflar Dergisi 8 1969 67 69 and Ismail Hakki Uzuncarsili Sultan II Murad in Vasiyetnamesi Vakiflar Dergisi IV 1958 1 18 Albert Gabriel Une capitale turque Brousse Bursa 2 vols Paris E de Boccard 1958 vol 1 118 Muradiye Complex in Bursa Turkey Lonely Planet Retrieved 2017 05 28 External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Muradiye Complex Muradiye Complex Publications of Bursa Governorship 2004 Pictures of the complex in detail Muradiye Complex Bursa Archnet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muradiye Complex amp oldid 1173348504, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
