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The municipal divisions in Russia, also called municipal formations (Russian: муниципальные образования, munitsipalnye obrazovaniya), are territorial divisions of the Russian Federation which are formally granted the authority to manage local affairs through local self-government.[2] As of January 1, 2020, there are 20,846 municipal divisions in Russia, including 1,673 municipal districts, 635 urban okrugs, and 33 municipal okrugs.[1]
Municipal divisions of Russia as of January 1, 2020[1]
Municipal division
Number
Municipal districts
1,673
Municipal okrugs
33
Urban okrugs
635
Intra-urban municipalities, including: Intra-urban territories of a federal city Urban okrugs with inner-city divisions Intra-urban divisions
286 267 3 19
Rural settlements
16,821
Urban settlements
1,398
Total
20,846
According to the law, the units of municipal division (called municipal formations) are as follows:[3]
Municipal district (or municipal raion), is a group of urban and rural settlements, often along with the inter-settlement territories. In practice, municipal districts are usually formed within the boundaries of existing administrative districts. Municipal districts share responsibility for municipal services with the lower-level local governments of the urban and rural settlements included within them.[4]
Urban settlement, a city/town or an urban-type settlement, possibly together with adjacent rural and/or urban localities
Urban okrug (or urban circuit), is an urban settlement not incorporated into a municipal district or municipal okrug, and which has a population density threshold requirement. In practice, urban okrugs are usually formed within the boundaries of existing cities of federal subject significance.
Intra-urban territory (intra-urban municipal formation) of a federal city, part of a federal city's territory. This municipal unit exists in three cities:
Urban okrug with intra-urban divisions, an urban okrug that incorporates intra-urban districts as intra-urban municipalities
Intra-urban district (or raion), intra-urban municipalities within the territory of urban okrugs with intra-urban divisions. Intra-urban districts formally exercise local self-government either through direct means or through electoral and other institutions.
Municipal okrug (or municipal circuit), a grouping of several settlements that were not existing urban or rural settlements municipalities on May 1, 2019. Municipal okrugs are a single tier of local government and formally exercise local self-government either through direct means or through electoral and other institutions.
Reformsedit
In the course of the Russian municipal reform of 2004–2005, all federal subjects of Russia streamlined the structures of local self-government, which is guaranteed by the Constitution of Russia. The reform mandated that each federal subject have a unified structure of municipal government bodies by January 1, 2005, and a law enforcing the reform provisions went into effect on January 1, 2006. Since 2005, for statistical and tax purposes, all municipal formations are assigned codes according to the Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations [ru], abbreviated in Russian as ОКТМО.
Federal legislation introduced on May 27, 2014, added the territorial units of urban okrug with intra-urban divisions and their constituent divisions (Intra-urban district).[5]
Additional federal legislation introduced on May 1, 2019, added the territorial unit of municipal okrug.[6] The purpose of the creation of municipal okrugs was to transition the two-tier system of the municipal districts to a single-tier system of the municipal okrugs, thereby reducing the number of local governments and thus reducing the cost of local government on the state.[7] This legislation also set standards for the incorporation of new urban okrugs and the change in status of existing ones. In urban okrugs, at least two-thirds of the population must live in the urban settlement(s) within, and the population density must be five times the national average.[7][8] Existing urban okrugs which do not meet the requirements must be reincorporated as municipal okrgus by 2025.[7] The change was implemented out of concern that some small towns had been incorporated as urban okrugs and given all of the taxing powers and municipal service standards of much larger cities, which in the words of State Dumadeputy Viktor Kidyaev turn "villagers into townspeople."[7]
^ ab"Число муниципальных образований по субъектам Российской Федерации на 1 января 2020 года" (in Russian). Росстат. 2020. Retrieved 2020-10-09.
^Кутафин О. Е., Фадеев В. И. Муниципальное право Российской Федерации. — М.: Велби, 2006. — 672 c. — ISBN5-482-00718-9. — С. 301—302.
^Государственная Дума Российской Федерации. Федеральный Закон №131-ФЗ от 6 октября 2003 г. «Об общих принципах организации местного самоуправления в Российской Федерации», в ред. Федерального Закона №243-ФЗ от 28 сентября 2010 г. (State Duma of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #131-FZ of October 6, 2003 On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation, as amended by the Federal Law #243-FZ of September 28, 2010. ).
^"municipal district Definition: 119 Samples". Law Insider. Retrieved 2023-12-19.
^Государственная Дума Российской Федерации. Федеральный Закон №136-ФЗ от 27 мая 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в статью 26.3 Федерального закона "Об общих принципах организации законодательных (представительных) и исполнительных органов государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации" и Федеральный закон "Об общих принципах организации местного самоуправления в Российской Федерации"». (State Duma of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #136-FZ of May 27, 2014 On Changes to Statute 26.3 of the Federal Law "On General Principles of the Organization of Legislative (Representative) and Executive Organs of State Power of Subjects of the Russian Federation" and the Federal Law "On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation". ).
^Государственная Дума Российской Федерации. Федеральный Закон №87-ФЗ от 1 мая 2019 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об общих принципах организации местного самоуправления в Российской Федерации"». (State Duma of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #87-FZ of May 1, 2019 On Changes to the Federal Law "On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation". ).
^ abcd"Municipal districts will appear in Russia". The State Duma (in Russian). State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
^Vladimirovna, Karnaukh Ekaterina. "Differences between a municipality and a district, what's the difference". Pohozhie (in Russian). Pohozhie. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
December 20, 2023
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian January 2014 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Russian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at ru Municipalnoe obrazovanie see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ru Municipalnoe obrazovanie to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The municipal divisions in Russia also called municipal formations Russian municipalnye obrazovaniya munitsipalnye obrazovaniya are territorial divisions of the Russian Federation which are formally granted the authority to manage local affairs through local self government 2 As of January 1 2020 there are 20 846 municipal divisions in Russia including 1 673 municipal districts 635 urban okrugs and 33 municipal okrugs 1 Municipal divisions of Russia as of January 1 2020 1 Municipal division NumberMunicipal districts 1 673Municipal okrugs 33Urban okrugs 635Intra urban municipalities including Intra urban territories of a federal cityUrban okrugs with inner city divisionsIntra urban divisions 286267319Rural settlements 16 821Urban settlements 1 398Total 20 846According to the law the units of municipal division called municipal formations are as follows 3 Municipal district or municipal raion is a group of urban and rural settlements often along with the inter settlement territories In practice municipal districts are usually formed within the boundaries of existing administrative districts Municipal districts share responsibility for municipal services with the lower level local governments of the urban and rural settlements included within them 4 Urban settlement a city town or an urban type settlement possibly together with adjacent rural and or urban localities Rural settlement one or several rural localities Urban okrug or urban circuit is an urban settlement not incorporated into a municipal district or municipal okrug and which has a population density threshold requirement In practice urban okrugs are usually formed within the boundaries of existing cities of federal subject significance Intra urban territory intra urban municipal formation of a federal city part of a federal city s territory This municipal unit exists in three cities Moscow see Administrative divisions of Moscow Saint Petersburg see Administrative divisions of Saint Petersburg Sevastopol see Administrative and municipal divisions of Sevastopol Urban okrug with intra urban divisions an urban okrug that incorporates intra urban districts as intra urban municipalities Intra urban district or raion intra urban municipalities within the territory of urban okrugs with intra urban divisions Intra urban districts formally exercise local self government either through direct means or through electoral and other institutions Municipal okrug or municipal circuit a grouping of several settlements that were not existing urban or rural settlements municipalities on May 1 2019 Municipal okrugs are a single tier of local government and formally exercise local self government either through direct means or through electoral and other institutions Reforms editIn the course of the Russian municipal reform of 2004 2005 all federal subjects of Russia streamlined the structures of local self government which is guaranteed by the Constitution of Russia The reform mandated that each federal subject have a unified structure of municipal government bodies by January 1 2005 and a law enforcing the reform provisions went into effect on January 1 2006 Since 2005 for statistical and tax purposes all municipal formations are assigned codes according to the Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations ru abbreviated in Russian as OKTMO Federal legislation introduced on May 27 2014 added the territorial units of urban okrug with intra urban divisions and their constituent divisions Intra urban district 5 Additional federal legislation introduced on May 1 2019 added the territorial unit of municipal okrug 6 The purpose of the creation of municipal okrugs was to transition the two tier system of the municipal districts to a single tier system of the municipal okrugs thereby reducing the number of local governments and thus reducing the cost of local government on the state 7 This legislation also set standards for the incorporation of new urban okrugs and the change in status of existing ones In urban okrugs at least two thirds of the population must live in the urban settlement s within and the population density must be five times the national average 7 8 Existing urban okrugs which do not meet the requirements must be reincorporated as municipal okrgus by 2025 7 The change was implemented out of concern that some small towns had been incorporated as urban okrugs and given all of the taxing powers and municipal service standards of much larger cities which in the words of State Duma deputy Viktor Kidyaev turn villagers into townspeople 7 See also editElections in Russia Local self government electionsReferences edit a b Chislo municipalnyh obrazovanij po subektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 yanvarya 2020 goda in Russian Rosstat 2020 Retrieved 2020 10 09 Kutafin O E Fadeev V I Municipalnoe pravo Rossijskoj Federacii M Velbi 2006 672 c ISBN 5 482 00718 9 S 301 302 Gosudarstvennaya Duma Rossijskoj Federacii Federalnyj Zakon 131 FZ ot 6 oktyabrya 2003 g Ob obshih principah organizacii mestnogo samoupravleniya v Rossijskoj Federacii v red Federalnogo Zakona 243 FZ ot 28 sentyabrya 2010 g State Duma of the Russian Federation Federal Law 131 FZ of October 6 2003 On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self Government in the Russian Federation as amended by the Federal Law 243 FZ of September 28 2010 municipal district Definition 119 Samples Law Insider Retrieved 2023 12 19 Gosudarstvennaya Duma Rossijskoj Federacii Federalnyj Zakon 136 FZ ot 27 maya 2014 g O vnesenii izmenenij v statyu 26 3 Federalnogo zakona Ob obshih principah organizacii zakonodatelnyh predstavitelnyh i ispolnitelnyh organov gosudarstvennoj vlasti subektov Rossijskoj Federacii i Federalnyj zakon Ob obshih principah organizacii mestnogo samoupravleniya v Rossijskoj Federacii State Duma of the Russian Federation Federal Law 136 FZ of May 27 2014 On Changes to Statute 26 3 of the Federal Law On General Principles of the Organization of Legislative Representative and Executive Organs of State Power of Subjects of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self Government in the Russian Federation Gosudarstvennaya Duma Rossijskoj Federacii Federalnyj Zakon 87 FZ ot 1 maya 2019 g O vnesenii izmenenij v Federalnyj zakon Ob obshih principah organizacii mestnogo samoupravleniya v Rossijskoj Federacii State Duma of the Russian Federation Federal Law 87 FZ of May 1 2019 On Changes to the Federal Law On General Principles of the Organization of Local Self Government in the Russian Federation a b c d Municipal districts will appear in Russia The State Duma in Russian State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation Retrieved 23 August 2021 Vladimirovna Karnaukh Ekaterina Differences between a municipality and a district what s the difference Pohozhie in Russian Pohozhie Retrieved 23 August 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Municipalities of Russia amp oldid 1190679195, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
