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Tatlin's Tower

Tatlinʼs Tower, or the project for the Monument to the Third International (1919–20),[1] was a design for a grand monumental building by the Russian artist and architect Vladimir Tatlin, that was never built.[2] It was planned to be erected in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) after the October Revolution of 1917, as the headquarters and monument of the Communist International (the "Third International").

Monument to the Third International
Памятник III Интернационалу
Vladimir Tatlin and a model of his Monument to the Third International, Moscow, 1920.
Alternative namesTatlinʼs Tower
General information
StatusProposed
TypeMonument, Communications, Conferences, Government, etc.
Architectural styleConstructivism
LocationSt. Petersburg, Russia
Height400 m (1,300 ft)
Design and construction
Architect(s)Vladimir Tatlin
Architecture firmCreative Collective

Plans Edit

Tatlinʼs Constructivist tower was to be built from industrial materials: iron, glass and steel. In materials, shape and function, it was envisaged as a towering symbol of modernity. It would have dwarfed the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The tower's main form was a twin helix which spiraled up to 400 m (1,300 feet) in height,[3] around which visitors would be transported with the aid of various mechanical devices. The main framework would contain four large suspended geometric structures. These structures would rotate at different rates. At the base of the structure was a cube which was designed as a venue for lectures, conferences and legislative meetings, and this would complete a rotation in the span of one year. Above the cube would be a smaller pyramid housing executive activities and completing a rotation once a month. Further up would be a cylinder, which was to house an information centre, issuing news bulletins and manifestos via telegraph, radio and loudspeaker, and would complete a rotation once a day. At the top, there would be a hemisphere for radio equipment. There were also plans to install a gigantic open-air screen on the cylinder, and a further projector which would be able to cast messages across the clouds on any overcast day.[4]

Evaluations Edit

There are serious doubts about the tower’s structural practicality, had it ever been built—which it was not because of the gigantic amount of steel required, which was impossible to obtain in bankrupt post-revolutionary Russia, in the context of housing shortages and political turmoil.[4]

Tatlin's tower was critical to Soviet propaganda. Symbolically, the tower was said to represent the aspirations of its originating country[3] and a challenge to the Eiffel Tower as the foremost symbol of modernity.[5] Soviet critic Viktor Shklovsky is said to have called it a monument "made of steel, glass and revolution."[3]

Models Edit

 
Model of Tatlin's Tower in the courtyard of the Royal Academy, London.

There are models of Tatlinʼs Tower at the Moderna Museet in Stockholm, Sweden, at Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, and at Musée National d'Art Moderne at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. A 1:42 model was built at The Royal Academy of Arts, London in November 2011. In September 2017, the same 1:42 model was erected as part of the ʻRussian Seasonʼ at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich. Since the exhibition closed in February 2018,[6] the tower is expected to continue as a feature of the University of East Anglia's 'sculpture park' until the end of 2021.[7]

Ai Weiweiʼs 2007 sculpture Fountain of Light, currently on display at the Louvre Abu Dhabi, is modelled on the Tatlin Tower.[8][9]

See also Edit

References and sources Edit

References
  1. ^ Honour, H. and Fleming, J. (2009) A World History of Art. 7th edn. London: Laurence King Publishing, p. 819. ISBN 978-1-85669-584-8
  2. ^ Janson, H.W. (1995) History of Art. 5th edn. Revised and expanded by Anthony F. Janson. London: Thames & Hudson, p. 820. ISBN 0-500-23701-8
  3. ^ a b c Ching, Francis D.K., et al. (2011). Global History of Architecture. 2nd edition. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., p. 716.
  4. ^ a b Grey, Camilla (1986). The Russian Experiment in Art. London: Thames & Hudson.
  5. ^ Hughes, L. (2010). "Art—Russia" in W. H. McNeill, J. H. Bentley, D. Christian, R. C. Croizier, J. R. McNeill, H. Roupp, & J. P. Zinsser (Eds.), Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History (2nd ed., Vol. 1, pp. 259–267). Great Barrington, MA: Berkshire Publishing, p. 266.
  6. ^ "Sainsbury Centre adds 10-metre tower to UEA sculpture park - Press Release - UEA". www.uea.ac.uk. Retrieved 26 September 2017.
  7. ^ "Sainsbury Centre: Tatlin's Tower". www.uea.ac.uk.
  8. ^ "Fountain of Light by Ai Weiwei". My Favorite Arts.
  9. ^ Wainwright, Oliver (7 November 2017). "Louvre Abu Dhabi: Jean Nouvel's spectacular palace of culture shimmers in the desert". the Guardian.
Sources
  • Tatlinʼs Tower: Monument to Revolution, Norbert Lynton, Yale University Press, 2008
  • Art and Literature under the Bolsheviks: Volume One – The Crisis of Renewal Brandon Taylor, Pluto Press, London 1991
  • Tatlin, edited by L.A. Zhadova, Thames and Hudson, London 1988
  • Concepts of Modern Art, edited by Nikos Stangos, Thames and Hudson, London 1981
  • Vladimir Tatlin and the Russian avant-garde, John Milner, Yale University Press, New Haven 1983
  • Nikolai Punin. , 1920

External links Edit

  • Tatlinʼs Tower and the World — Artist group's web site on the project of building Tatlin's Tower in full scale.
  • Architecture and the Russian Avant-garde (Pt 2 Tatlins Tower) on YouTube – using computer graphics, archive footage and locations in Moscow, this film illustrates Tatlin's contribution to world architecture and how his tower may have looked in Moscow had it been built after the revolution; by Michael Craig; 3:37.
  • Photographs of Tatlin and his assistants constructing the first model for the monument to the Third International, Petrograd, 1920, Canadian Centre for Architecture (digitized items)

tatlin, tower, tatlinʼs, tower, project, monument, third, international, 1919, design, grand, monumental, building, russian, artist, architect, vladimir, tatlin, that, never, built, planned, erected, petrograd, saint, petersburg, after, october, revolution, 19. Tatlinʼs Tower or the project for the Monument to the Third International 1919 20 1 was a design for a grand monumental building by the Russian artist and architect Vladimir Tatlin that was never built 2 It was planned to be erected in Petrograd now Saint Petersburg after the October Revolution of 1917 as the headquarters and monument of the Communist International the Third International Monument to the Third InternationalPamyatnik III InternacionaluVladimir Tatlin and a model of his Monument to the Third International Moscow 1920 Alternative namesTatlinʼs TowerGeneral informationStatusProposedTypeMonument Communications Conferences Government etc Architectural styleConstructivismLocationSt Petersburg RussiaHeight400 m 1 300 ft Design and constructionArchitect s Vladimir TatlinArchitecture firmCreative Collective Contents 1 Plans 2 Evaluations 3 Models 4 See also 5 References and sources 6 External linksPlans EditTatlinʼs Constructivist tower was to be built from industrial materials iron glass and steel In materials shape and function it was envisaged as a towering symbol of modernity It would have dwarfed the Eiffel Tower in Paris The tower s main form was a twin helix which spiraled up to 400 m 1 300 feet in height 3 around which visitors would be transported with the aid of various mechanical devices The main framework would contain four large suspended geometric structures These structures would rotate at different rates At the base of the structure was a cube which was designed as a venue for lectures conferences and legislative meetings and this would complete a rotation in the span of one year Above the cube would be a smaller pyramid housing executive activities and completing a rotation once a month Further up would be a cylinder which was to house an information centre issuing news bulletins and manifestos via telegraph radio and loudspeaker and would complete a rotation once a day At the top there would be a hemisphere for radio equipment There were also plans to install a gigantic open air screen on the cylinder and a further projector which would be able to cast messages across the clouds on any overcast day 4 Evaluations EditThere are serious doubts about the tower s structural practicality had it ever been built which it was not because of the gigantic amount of steel required which was impossible to obtain in bankrupt post revolutionary Russia in the context of housing shortages and political turmoil 4 Tatlin s tower was critical to Soviet propaganda Symbolically the tower was said to represent the aspirations of its originating country 3 and a challenge to the Eiffel Tower as the foremost symbol of modernity 5 Soviet critic Viktor Shklovsky is said to have called it a monument made of steel glass and revolution 3 Models Edit nbsp Model of Tatlin s Tower in the courtyard of the Royal Academy London There are models of Tatlinʼs Tower at the Moderna Museet in Stockholm Sweden at Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow and at Musee National d Art Moderne at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris A 1 42 model was built at The Royal Academy of Arts London in November 2011 In September 2017 the same 1 42 model was erected as part of the ʻRussian Seasonʼ at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich Since the exhibition closed in February 2018 6 the tower is expected to continue as a feature of the University of East Anglia s sculpture park until the end of 2021 7 Ai Weiweiʼs 2007 sculpture Fountain of Light currently on display at the Louvre Abu Dhabi is modelled on the Tatlin Tower 8 9 See also EditShukhov Tower Tower Bawher an abstract short film inspired by Tatlin s Tower Disco Elysium the Mazovians build a model eerily similar to Tatlin s Tower References and sources EditReferences Honour H and Fleming J 2009 A World History of Art 7th edn London Laurence King Publishing p 819 ISBN 978 1 85669 584 8 Janson H W 1995 History of Art 5th edn Revised and expanded by Anthony F Janson London Thames amp Hudson p 820 ISBN 0 500 23701 8 a b c Ching Francis D K et al 2011 Global History of Architecture 2nd edition Hoboken NJ John Wiley amp Sons Inc p 716 a b Grey Camilla 1986 The Russian Experiment in Art London Thames amp Hudson Hughes L 2010 Art Russia in W H McNeill J H Bentley D Christian R C Croizier J R McNeill H Roupp amp J P Zinsser Eds Berkshire Encyclopedia of World History 2nd ed Vol 1 pp 259 267 Great Barrington MA Berkshire Publishing p 266 Sainsbury Centre adds 10 metre tower to UEA sculpture park Press Release UEA www uea ac uk Retrieved 26 September 2017 Sainsbury Centre Tatlin s Tower www uea ac uk Fountain of Light by Ai Weiwei My Favorite Arts Wainwright Oliver 7 November 2017 Louvre Abu Dhabi Jean Nouvel s spectacular palace of culture shimmers in the desert the Guardian SourcesTatlinʼs Tower Monument to Revolution Norbert Lynton Yale University Press 2008 Art and Literature under the Bolsheviks Volume One The Crisis of Renewal Brandon Taylor Pluto Press London 1991 Tatlin edited by L A Zhadova Thames and Hudson London 1988 Concepts of Modern Art edited by Nikos Stangos Thames and Hudson London 1981 Vladimir Tatlin and the Russian avant garde John Milner Yale University Press New Haven 1983 Nikolai Punin The Monument to the Third International 1920External links Edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tatlin s Tower Tatlinʼs Tower and the World Artist group s web site on the project of building Tatlin s Tower in full scale Architecture and the Russian Avant garde Pt 2 Tatlins Tower on YouTube using computer graphics archive footage and locations in Moscow this film illustrates Tatlin s contribution to world architecture and how his tower may have looked in Moscow had it been built after the revolution by Michael Craig 3 37 Photographs of Tatlin and his assistants constructing the first model for the monument to the Third International Petrograd 1920 Canadian Centre for Architecture digitized items Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tatlin 27s Tower amp oldid 1157003000, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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