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2008 Mongolian parliamentary election

April 08, 2024

Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2008. A total of 356 candidates ran for the 76 seats in the State Great Khural. According to official results published on 14 July, at least 39 seats were won by the ruling Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP), and at least 25 seats by the main opposition party, the Democrats (DP). Ten seats remained subject to possible recounts.[1]

2008 Mongolian parliamentary election
← 2004 29 June 2008 2012 →
All 76 seats in the State Great Khural
39 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader % Seats +/–
MPRP Sanjaagiin Bayar 52.68 45 +9
Democratic Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj 40.44 28 −6
Civil Will Sanjaasürengiin Oyuun 1.98 1 +1
Green Dangaasürengiin Enkhbat 1.43 1 New
Independents – 3.48 1 −2
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Constituencies won
  MPRP   Democratic
  Civil Will   Green Party  Independent

Electoral system edit

Members of the State Great Khural were elected from multi-seat constituencies in a Plurality-at-large system, with two to four seats per aimag or (in Ulaanbaatar) düüreg.[2] Previous elections had single-seat constituencies, and the new, more complicated voting system was reported to have led to a delay in vote counting.[3]

Of the 76 seats, 20 were elected from Ulaanbaatar, and the other 56 were elected from the aimags. Mongolian voter registration is coupled with civil registration.[citation needed] Vote counting was manually done by hands and was not publicly done,[citation needed] and results of individual polling stations are not published.[citation needed] After the 2004 parliamentary elections had been contested in some constituencies, Mongolian voters now have their thumbs marked after casting their vote.[citation needed]

Campaign edit

311 candidates from 11 parties and one coalition, plus 45 independent candidates, were running for election,[4] only 28 of them being incumbent MPs.[5] Both the DP and the MPRP promised cash payouts in case of an election win.[citation needed] The DP promised 1,000,000 MNT (about 800 USD) per person in case of an election win. After first denouncing the idea of such payouts, the MPRP changed course and promised 1,500,000 MNT per person.[citation needed] Other issues were inflation and mining. As in previous elections, there were instances of candidates making monetary payments and other gifts to lure voters.

Results edit

According to results published on 14 July, the MPRP won at least 39 seats, the DP won at least 25, at least one seat was going to the Civic Will Party, and three seats were won by independent candidates. However, results from three constituencies (Khentii, Dornod, and Bayangol) were delayed.[1][6] On 20 August, final results from Khentii were officially published, raising the number of MPRP seats to at least 42.[7] Turnout was 74.3%, considerably lower than the 82% of the 2004 elections.[8]

 
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party914,03752.6845+8
Democratic Party701,64140.4428–
Civic Will Party34,3191.981–
Green Party24,8061.431New
Independents60,3203.481–2
Total1,735,123100.00760
Registered voters/turnout1,534,074–
Source: IPU

Allegations of fraud edit

After intermediate results published on 30 June showed MPRP victory, Democratic Party chairman Elbegdorj declared on 1 July that the elections were rigged and that his party would not accept the results.[9] In a press conference held on 7 July, DP politicians Dambyn Dorligjav, Zandaakhuugiin Enkhbold and Lamjavyn Gündalai declared that there had been massive irregularities with voter registration. Some of their claims were later repudiated by the central registry office.[10] Other allegations were irregularities in the counting process, and voter bribery.[citation needed]

For illegally using private documents of voters such as duplicating names of voters by (publishing duplicate IDs and false IDs with the names of dead people and so on) in 2008 parliamentary elections, L.Amarsanaa (MPRP), former chairman of State General Registration Authority was investigated by the Independent Authority Against Corruption and charged in September 2008.[11]

Aftermath edit

Violence edit

Main article: 2008 riot in Mongolia

On 1 July a peaceful gathering started in Sukhbaatar Square organized by the leaders of some of the smaller parties that took part in the elections. Eventually a large crowd gathered, mainly of young men, surrounding the adjacent MPRP Headquarters. The group started throwing rocks at the building and eventually advancing on it. Smaller police force responded with batons, water cannons, tear gas, rubber bullets, and live ammunition.[12][13] In the evening fire started in the MPRP headquarters.[14] Not enough measures to stop the riot or extinguish the fire were taken by the authority. Around midnight local time, after simply watching the live broadcast of the riot whole day on television channels, President Nambaryn Enkhbayar declared a state of emergency to be in effect for the following four days.[15] Armored Personnel Carriers were deployed to the streets of Ulaanbaatar, a night curfew and a media blackout were declared.

Five people, all of them civilians, were killed during the state of emergency: four were shot, and one apparently died from carbon monoxide poisoning.[16][17] The Mongolian Minister of Justice estimated 220 civilians and 108 service members were injured. Amnesty International raised concerns over the use of "unnecessary and excessive force" by the police.[18]) Approximately 700 people were later arrested suspected to be being protesters,[19] of whom 140, including 13 minors and 3 women, have been sentenced to 2–7 years in prison as of 31 October 2008.[20]

On 15 and 19 August, ten police officers were arrested and charged in connection with the shootings in the night of 1 and 2 July. On 20 August, relatives of these arrested officers organized a protest demonstration on Sükhbaatar Square.[21][22][23]

Political aftermath edit

On 18 July Democratic Party chairman Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj said that the DP would boycott the opening session of the parliament on 23 July. He also said that he was prepared to resign as DP Chairman if the 200 protesters still being held by the police are not released and the political crisis did not end.[24] However, the DP members were present in the opening session, with many of its members criticizing the Chairman of the General Elections Committee, and the way the elections were held. After Elbegdorj gave his party's position, members of the DP went out of the parliament. As a result, the new members of the parliament were not sworn in.

On 28 August, most of the DP representatives in the new State Great Khural (the Parliament) decided to attend the parliament, and all but Elbegdorj were sworn in.[25][26] On 11 September, S. Bayar was elected as Prime Minister of a coalition government between MPRP and DP.[27] Elbegdorj finally was sworn in on the same day.[28]

The members from Dornod (two MPRP, one DP) were sworn in on 16 September 2008.[29] The members from Bayangol (2 MPRP, 1 DP, 1 Civic Coalition) were announced on 9 October 2008.[30]

On 2 September 2008, Elbegdorj resigned as the head of the Democratic Party as he said. Norovyn Altankhuyag was elected by the Democratic Party's National Consultative Committee as the next chairman, and the Democratic Party entered a coalition government with the MPRP. On September 12, Elbegdorj was the only member of parliament who voted against Sanjaagiin Bayar as Mongolia's new prime minister.[31] Bayar was the chairman of MPRP and Prime Minister who handled 2008 election rigging, riot and measures following riot including the police shooting to civilians that resulted in killing four people and wounded a dozen.

On 24 May 2009, nearly a year after the crisis, Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj won the 2009 presidential election against incumbent President Enkhbayar.[32][33]

References edit

  1. ^ a b . Odriin sonin (Daily News in Mongolian). Archived from the original on 2008-07-20.
  2. ^ "Mongolia to hold parliamentary election end of June", Xinhua (People's Daily Online), 2008-05-09.
  3. ^ Mongolia sees counting of votes delayed by new election system. Mongolia Web News. 2008-06-30. Retrieved 2008-07-02.
  4. ^ Preliminary results: Mongolia's ruling party wins parliamentary election. People's Daily Online. 2008-06-30. Retrieved 2008-07-02.
  5. ^ Polling stations busy as voters queue up across Mongolia 2008-07-07 at the Wayback Machine. Agence France-Presse. Google News. 2008-06-30. Retrieved 2008-07-02.
  6. ^ Two parties win most seats in Mongolian parliamentary election – People's Daily Online
  7. ^ www.mongolei.de: Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei / 25. bis 31. August 2008 (in German)
  8. ^ Parliamentary elections successfully completed 2011-07-22 at the Wayback Machine (in Mongolian). olloo.mn.
  9. ^ Opposition alleges fraud in Mongolia vote. Reuters. 2008-07-01.
  10. ^ www.mongolei.de: Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei / 7. bis 13. Juli 2008 (in German)
  11. ^ L., Altankhishig. "Mishmash of L.Amarsanaa, ex-chairman of State General Registration Authority". Niislel Times (Capital City Times) (in Mongolian). Ulaanbaatar.
  12. ^ Mongolia: President Enkhbayar Releases Statement. Mongolia Web News. 2008-07-01.
  13. ^ UBPost:MP Battulga Speaks About Riot Aftermath
  14. ^ Wong, Edward (8 July 2008). "In Election Dispute, a Challenge for Mongolia's Democracy". New York Times. Retrieved 23 June 2013.
  15. ^ Mongolia: MPRP building in flames, president declares emergency 2020-08-04 at the Wayback Machine. Mongolia Web News. 2008-07-01.
  16. ^ 5,000 người Mông Cổ tràn ngập thủ đô đòi giải tán quốc hội[permanent dead link] (in Vietnamese)
  17. ^ Tsedevdamba, Oyungerel (17 July 2008). . oyungerel.org. Archived from the original on 7 June 2019. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  18. ^ Amnesty International: Are the Mongolian authorities getting away with murder?
  19. ^ Magnie, Mark. Postelection violence in Mongolia leaves 5 dead. Los Angeles Times. 2008-07-03.
  20. ^ The number of convicts sentenced to prison for July 1st incident reached 140[permanent dead link]
  21. ^ UBPost: Arrested Mongolian Police Officers are Suspects in Post-Riot Death Investigations
  22. ^ Mongolia Police Arrest Controversy Continues; Officers and Their Families Protest
  23. ^ www.mongolei.de: Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei / 18. bis 24. August 2008 (in German)
  24. ^ "In Mongolia Democratic Party seems divided, Elbegdorj announces possible resignation", Mongolia Web, July 19, 2008.
  25. ^ "New Mongolian parliament sworn in - People's Daily Online".
  26. ^ "Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei / 25. Bis 31. August 2008".
  27. ^ AFP: Mongolian parliament elects PM after turmoil 2011-05-20 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ . Archived from the original on 2008-02-28. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  29. ^ . Archived from the original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved 2008-09-17.
  30. ^ "Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei / Oktober 2008".
  31. ^ Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei/ 25. bis 31. August 2008, Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei/ 8. bis 14. September 2008 (in German)
  32. ^ "Mongolia Profile". BBC News. 3 November 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2012.
  33. ^ Enkhbayar, Shagdar; Roland-Holst, David; Sugiyarto, Guntur (September 2010). "Mongolia's investment priorities from a national development perspective" (PDF). berkeley.edu. p. 9. Retrieved 25 June 2013.

External links edit

  Mongolia declares state of emergency after violent protests, five people killed at Wikinews

April 08, 2024
2008, mongolian, parliamentary, election, parliamentary, elections, were, held, mongolia, june, 2008, total, candidates, seats, state, great, khural, according, official, results, published, july, least, seats, were, ruling, mongolian, people, revolutionary, p. Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2008 A total of 356 candidates ran for the 76 seats in the State Great Khural According to official results published on 14 July at least 39 seats were won by the ruling Mongolian People s Revolutionary Party MPRP and at least 25 seats by the main opposition party the Democrats DP Ten seats remained subject to possible recounts 1 2008 Mongolian parliamentary election 2004 29 June 2008 2012 All 76 seats in the State Great Khural39 seats needed for a majorityParty Leader Seats MPRP Sanjaagiin Bayar 52 68 45 9Democratic Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj 40 44 28 6Civil Will Sanjaasurengiin Oyuun 1 98 1 1Green Dangaasurengiin Enkhbat 1 43 1 NewIndependents 3 48 1 2This lists parties that won seats See the complete results below Constituencies won MPRP Democratic Civil Will Green Party IndependentPrime Minister before Prime Minister afterSanjaagiin BayarMPRP Sanjaagiin BayarMPRP Contents 1 Electoral system 2 Campaign 3 Results 3 1 Allegations of fraud 4 Aftermath 4 1 Violence 4 2 Political aftermath 5 References 6 External linksElectoral system editMembers of the State Great Khural were elected from multi seat constituencies in a Plurality at large system with two to four seats per aimag or in Ulaanbaatar duureg 2 Previous elections had single seat constituencies and the new more complicated voting system was reported to have led to a delay in vote counting 3 Of the 76 seats 20 were elected from Ulaanbaatar and the other 56 were elected from the aimags Mongolian voter registration is coupled with civil registration citation needed Vote counting was manually done by hands and was not publicly done citation needed and results of individual polling stations are not published citation needed After the 2004 parliamentary elections had been contested in some constituencies Mongolian voters now have their thumbs marked after casting their vote citation needed Campaign edit311 candidates from 11 parties and one coalition plus 45 independent candidates were running for election 4 only 28 of them being incumbent MPs 5 Both the DP and the MPRP promised cash payouts in case of an election win citation needed The DP promised 1 000 000 MNT about 800 USD per person in case of an election win After first denouncing the idea of such payouts the MPRP changed course and promised 1 500 000 MNT per person citation needed Other issues were inflation and mining As in previous elections there were instances of candidates making monetary payments and other gifts to lure voters Results editAccording to results published on 14 July the MPRP won at least 39 seats the DP won at least 25 at least one seat was going to the Civic Will Party and three seats were won by independent candidates However results from three constituencies Khentii Dornod and Bayangol were delayed 1 6 On 20 August final results from Khentii were officially published raising the number of MPRP seats to at least 42 7 Turnout was 74 3 considerably lower than the 82 of the 2004 elections 8 nbsp PartyVotes Seats Mongolian People s Revolutionary Party914 03752 6845 8Democratic Party701 64140 4428 Civic Will Party34 3191 981 Green Party24 8061 431NewIndependents60 3203 481 2Total1 735 123100 00760Registered voters turnout1 534 074 Source IPUAllegations of fraud edit After intermediate results published on 30 June showed MPRP victory Democratic Party chairman Elbegdorj declared on 1 July that the elections were rigged and that his party would not accept the results 9 In a press conference held on 7 July DP politicians Dambyn Dorligjav Zandaakhuugiin Enkhbold and Lamjavyn Gundalai declared that there had been massive irregularities with voter registration Some of their claims were later repudiated by the central registry office 10 Other allegations were irregularities in the counting process and voter bribery citation needed For illegally using private documents of voters such as duplicating names of voters by publishing duplicate IDs and false IDs with the names of dead people and so on in 2008 parliamentary elections L Amarsanaa MPRP former chairman of State General Registration Authority was investigated by the Independent Authority Against Corruption and charged in September 2008 11 Aftermath editViolence edit Main article 2008 riot in Mongolia On 1 July a peaceful gathering started in Sukhbaatar Square organized by the leaders of some of the smaller parties that took part in the elections Eventually a large crowd gathered mainly of young men surrounding the adjacent MPRP Headquarters The group started throwing rocks at the building and eventually advancing on it Smaller police force responded with batons water cannons tear gas rubber bullets and live ammunition 12 13 In the evening fire started in the MPRP headquarters 14 Not enough measures to stop the riot or extinguish the fire were taken by the authority Around midnight local time after simply watching the live broadcast of the riot whole day on television channels President Nambaryn Enkhbayar declared a state of emergency to be in effect for the following four days 15 Armored Personnel Carriers were deployed to the streets of Ulaanbaatar a night curfew and a media blackout were declared Five people all of them civilians were killed during the state of emergency four were shot and one apparently died from carbon monoxide poisoning 16 17 The Mongolian Minister of Justice estimated 220 civilians and 108 service members were injured Amnesty International raised concerns over the use of unnecessary and excessive force by the police 18 Approximately 700 people were later arrested suspected to be being protesters 19 of whom 140 including 13 minors and 3 women have been sentenced to 2 7 years in prison as of 31 October 2008 20 On 15 and 19 August ten police officers were arrested and charged in connection with the shootings in the night of 1 and 2 July On 20 August relatives of these arrested officers organized a protest demonstration on Sukhbaatar Square 21 22 23 Political aftermath edit On 18 July Democratic Party chairman Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj said that the DP would boycott the opening session of the parliament on 23 July He also said that he was prepared to resign as DP Chairman if the 200 protesters still being held by the police are not released and the political crisis did not end 24 However the DP members were present in the opening session with many of its members criticizing the Chairman of the General Elections Committee and the way the elections were held After Elbegdorj gave his party s position members of the DP went out of the parliament As a result the new members of the parliament were not sworn in On 28 August most of the DP representatives in the new State Great Khural the Parliament decided to attend the parliament and all but Elbegdorj were sworn in 25 26 On 11 September S Bayar was elected as Prime Minister of a coalition government between MPRP and DP 27 Elbegdorj finally was sworn in on the same day 28 The members from Dornod two MPRP one DP were sworn in on 16 September 2008 29 The members from Bayangol 2 MPRP 1 DP 1 Civic Coalition were announced on 9 October 2008 30 On 2 September 2008 Elbegdorj resigned as the head of the Democratic Party as he said Norovyn Altankhuyag was elected by the Democratic Party s National Consultative Committee as the next chairman and the Democratic Party entered a coalition government with the MPRP On September 12 Elbegdorj was the only member of parliament who voted against Sanjaagiin Bayar as Mongolia s new prime minister 31 Bayar was the chairman of MPRP and Prime Minister who handled 2008 election rigging riot and measures following riot including the police shooting to civilians that resulted in killing four people and wounded a dozen On 24 May 2009 nearly a year after the crisis Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj won the 2009 presidential election against incumbent President Enkhbayar 32 33 References edit a b Three electoral districts result does not come out yet Odriin sonin Daily News in Mongolian Archived from the original on 2008 07 20 Mongolia to hold parliamentary election end of June Xinhua People s Daily Online 2008 05 09 Mongolia sees counting of votes delayed by new election system Mongolia Web News 2008 06 30 Retrieved 2008 07 02 Preliminary results Mongolia s ruling party wins parliamentary election People s Daily Online 2008 06 30 Retrieved 2008 07 02 Polling stations busy as voters queue up across Mongolia Archived 2008 07 07 at the Wayback Machine Agence France Presse Google News 2008 06 30 Retrieved 2008 07 02 Two parties win most seats in Mongolian parliamentary election People s Daily Online www mongolei de Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 25 bis 31 August 2008 in German Parliamentary elections successfully completed Archived 2011 07 22 at the Wayback Machine in Mongolian olloo mn Opposition alleges fraud in Mongolia vote Reuters 2008 07 01 www mongolei de Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 7 bis 13 Juli 2008 in German L Altankhishig Mishmash of L Amarsanaa ex chairman of State General Registration Authority Niislel Times Capital City Times in Mongolian Ulaanbaatar Mongolia President Enkhbayar Releases Statement Mongolia Web News 2008 07 01 UBPost MP Battulga Speaks About Riot Aftermath Wong Edward 8 July 2008 In Election Dispute a Challenge for Mongolia s Democracy New York Times Retrieved 23 June 2013 Mongolia MPRP building in flames president declares emergency Archived 2020 08 04 at the Wayback Machine Mongolia Web News 2008 07 01 5 000 người Mong Cổ tran ngập thủ đo đoi giải tan quốc hội permanent dead link in Vietnamese Tsedevdamba Oyungerel 17 July 2008 A young man with an American dream was among the state of emergency victims in Ulaanbaatar oyungerel org Archived from the original on 7 June 2019 Retrieved 4 August 2013 Amnesty International Are the Mongolian authorities getting away with murder Magnie Mark Postelection violence in Mongolia leaves 5 dead Los Angeles Times 2008 07 03 The number of convicts sentenced to prison for July 1st incident reached 140 permanent dead link UBPost Arrested Mongolian Police Officers are Suspects in Post Riot Death Investigations Mongolia Police Arrest Controversy Continues Officers and Their Families Protest www mongolei de Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 18 bis 24 August 2008 in German In Mongolia Democratic Party seems divided Elbegdorj announces possible resignation Mongolia Web July 19 2008 New Mongolian parliament sworn in People s Daily Online Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 25 Bis 31 August 2008 AFP Mongolian parliament elects PM after turmoil Archived 2011 05 20 at the Wayback Machine Ts Elbegdorj Sworn In Archived from the original on 2008 02 28 Retrieved 2008 09 11 Үndesnij Medeellijn MONCAME Agentlag Archived from the original on 2011 10 02 Retrieved 2008 09 17 Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei Oktober 2008 Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 25 bis 31 August 2008 Aktuelle Nachrichten aus der Mongolei 8 bis 14 September 2008 in German Mongolia Profile BBC News 3 November 2011 Retrieved 31 July 2012 Enkhbayar Shagdar Roland Holst David Sugiyarto Guntur September 2010 Mongolia s investment priorities from a national development perspective PDF berkeley edu p 9 Retrieved 25 June 2013 External links edit nbsp Mongolia declares state of emergency after violent protests five people killed at Wikinews Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title 2008 Mongolian parliamentary election amp oldid 1192370270, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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