Mirliva
Mirliva or Mîr-i livâ was a military rank of the Ottoman Army and Navy. It corresponds to a brigadier general (modern Turkish: Tuğgeneral) in the modern Turkish Army. Mirliva is a compound word composed of Mir (commander) and Liva (or Liwa, "brigade" in Arabic).[1] The rank was junior to the Ferik (Major General) and superior to the rank Miralay (Senior Colonel) in the Ottoman Army and the pre-1934 Turkish Army.
| Military ranks of the Ottoman Empire | ||
|---|---|---|
| Ottoman ranks | Western equivalents | |
| Officers | ||
| Müşir مشیر | Field marshal | |
| Birinci Ferik (Serdar) فریق أول | General | |
| Ferik فریق | Lieutenant general | |
| Mirliva میر لوا | Major general | |
| Miralay میر آلای | Brigadier | |
| Kaymakam قائم مقام | Colonel | |
| Binbaşı بڭباشی | Lieutenant colonel | |
| Kolağası (Sağ Kolağası / Sol Kolağası) قول آغاسی | Major | |
| Yüzbaşı یوزباشی | Captain | |
| Mülâzım-ı Evvel ملازم أول | First lieutenant | |
| Mülâzım-ı Sani ملازم ثانی | Second lieutenant | |
| Non-commissioned officers | ||
| Çavuş چاوش | Sergeant | |
| Onbaşı اونباشی | Corporal | |
| Soldiers | ||
| Nefer نفر | Private | |
| Military ranks of Egypt | ||
|---|---|---|
| Turco-Egyptian ranks (until 1958) | Modern Egyptian ranks | Western equivalents |
| Officers | ||
| Mushir مشير | General of the army/ Field Marshal | |
| Sirdar سردار | Fariq awwal فريق أول | Colonel general |
| Fariq فريق | Lieutenant general | |
| Liwa لواء | Major general | |
| Amiralay أمير آلاي | Amid عميد | Brigadier |
| Qaimaqam قائم مقام | Aqid عقيد | Colonel |
| Bimbashi بكباشي | Muqaddam مقدم | Lieutenant colonel |
| Sagh الصاغ | Raid رائد | Major |
| Yuzbashi يوزباشي | Naqib نقيب | Captain |
| Mulazim awwal ملازم أول | First lieutenant | |
| Mulazim thani ملازم ثاني | Mulazim ملازم | Second lieutenant |
| Non-commissioned officers | ||
| Shawish شاويش | Raqib رقيب | Sergeant |
| Ombashi أومباشي | Arif عريف | Corporal |
| Soldiers | ||
| Askari عسكري | Jundi جندي | Private |
Mirliva was the most junior general rank with the title Pasha.
The collar mark (later shoulder mark) and cap of a Mirliva had three stripes and one star during the early years of the Turkish Republic. The Ottoman Army and pre-1934 Turkish Army had three general ranks (similar to the British ranking system), while the current Turkish Army has four general ranks (similar to the American ranking system), with the inclusion of general (Orgeneral) as the fourth introduced in 1934.
The title and rank of Mirliva was abolished with Act No. 2590 of 26 November 1934 on the Abolition of Titles and Appellations such as Efendi, Bey or Pasha.
Sources
- ^ Mirliva 2011-07-20 at the Wayback Machine, Turkish Language Association