Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) (Belarusian: Адкрытaе Акцыянэрнaе Таварыства «Мінскі аўтамабільны завод», Open JSC Minski Autamabilny Zavod, Russian: Минский автомобильный заводMinskyi Avtomobilnyi Zavod) is a state-run automotive manufacturer association in Belarus, one of the largest in Eastern Europe.
Minsk Automobile Plant MAZ or Minski Autamabilny Zavod
After a decision by the Soviet Industrial command in August 1944, the plant was begun as the Second World War ended.[2] The first MAZ model, the MAZ-200, entered production in 1949. This truck used General Motors-designed two-stroke engines and was a continuation of a truck developed by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant (YaMZ), who also built the engines.[2] Later on, YaMZ's own original engines were developed and implemented in the MAZ-500 series which was first shown in 1955, but only reaching full series production in 1965.[3]
Apartment buildings, shops, medical clinics, cinemas etc. were built in close proximity to the MAZ plant, providing plant workers with local (though limited) necessities. On many of the construction sites, German prisoners of war were working together with Belarusian construction workers.
In 2020, it was said that the MAZ was the primary supplier for the chassis of such Russian army vehicles as the launchers for the Iskander-M and the S-400 because the domestic Russian products are of comparatively low quality.[4]
Political repressions, sanctions
On 21 June 2021, MAZ (as well as its general manager Ivankovich) was added to the sanctions list of the European Union for repressions against workers who participated in mass protests against the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko following the controversial presidential election of 2020. According to the official decision of the EU,
"[MAZ] is a source of revenue for the Lukashenka regime. OJSC MAZ has offered its premises and equipment to stage a political rally in support of the regime. Therefore, OJSC “MAZ” benefits from and supports the Lukashenka regime."[5]
Moreover,
Employees of OJSC “MAZ” who took part in strikes and peaceful protests in the aftermath of fraudulent August 2020 elections in Belarus, were intimidated and later laid off by the company’s managements. A group of employees was locked indoors by OJSC MAZ to prevent them from joining the other protesters. Therefore, MAZ is responsible for the repression of civil society and supports the Lukashenka regime.
On the same day, MAZ and Ivankovich were also sanctioned by Canada.[6] Later, Switzerland also sanctioned the company and its general manager.[7][8]
The association consists of the MAZ plant proper, located in Minsk, which is the main enterprise of the association, as well as several secondary enterprises:
In Serbia, working in cooperation with a local-based company BIK (Bus industries Kragujevac), a production of gas-powered buses named BIK-203 has been agreed, which are based on the platform of MAZ-203 model.[12][13]
MAZ-MAN
In 1997, together with MAN, a joint Belarusian-German company JSC MAZ-MAN, was set up, which by 1998 had established full-scale production of heavy vehicles, using the F90 MAN cabs introduced 1986 and replaced in 1994. While production of tractors for international trade with 4x2 and 6x4 chassis layouts was a stated goal, development of exhaust gas regulations within the EU turned this into illusion.
Models
Cars
MAZ-1500 (1959, MAZ's only car)
Trucks
MAZ-200 (1950, formerly built by YaAZ from 1947 to 1950)
МАZ-200V (1952, tractor-trailer version of MAZ-200)
MAZ-535/MAZ-537 - The MAZ-535 and the heavier version MAZ-537 were developed in the early 1960s and built to transport rockets and tanks of various types.
MAZ-543/MAZ-7310 - The MAZ-543 was also designed for the transport of medium-and long-range missiles and has the same specifications as the MAZ-537. The MAZ-543 is best known as mobile missile launch pad of Scud missiles. In 1976, the MAZ-7310 was released. It is similar to the MAZ-543 but without the special equipment. In addition, there are various modifications of the vehicle, such as the MAZ-547 as a mobile launch pad for SS-20 missiles or the MAZ-7917 as a launch pad of Topol intercontinental missile.
MAZ-547/MAZ-7916 - The MAZ-547 is a six-axle version of the MAZ-543 and was used for the RSD-10 Pioneer IRBM. The MAZ-7916, an improved version, was released in 1980.
MAZ-7904 - The MAZ-7904 is the largest wheeled vehicle that was ever designed for military purposes in the USSR. The prototype was designed in 1982 as a support vehicle for intercontinental ballistic missiles, but never went into production. The vehicle was found in 2007 in a hangar at Baikonur, but was scrapped in 2010 due to severe corrosion.[14][15][16]
MAZ-7906/MAZ-7907 - The MAZ-7906 was an eight-axle, 16 wheel Transporter-erector-launcher intended to transport the Tselina-2 missile, a projected road-mobile variant of the RT-23 Molodets. In 1985, the 12-axle MAZ-7907 was developed, also intended for the Tselina-2. Two prototypes were produced, but despite successful factory trials, no production followed. At least one seems to have been used after the collapse of the USSR for transportation of bridge parts and ships. One unit is stored at the Minsk Wheel Tractor plant awaiting restoration.
МАZ-7912/MAZ-7917 - The MAZ-7912 is a seven-axle, 14 wheel TEL for the Topol missile. In 1984, the MAZ-7917 was released, lengthened 1 m (3.3 ft) and had crew cabins similar to the MAZ-7916.
^Ferris, Emily (12 January 2023). "Could Russia's Reliance on Belarus be its Soft Underbelly?" (PDF). The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies.
^"Consolidated Canadian Autonomous Sanctions List". Global Affairs Canada. 19 October 2015. Retrieved 2021-06-29.
^Shields, Michael; Liffey, Kevin (2021-07-07). Liffey, Kevin (ed.). "Swiss widen sanctions list against Belarus". Reuters. from the original on 2021-07-07. Retrieved 2021-07-10.
^"Sanctions program: Belarus: Verordnung vom 11. August 2021 über Massnahmen gegenüber Belarus (SR 946.231.116.9), Anhang 7 und 8" (PDF). Staatssekretariat für Wirtschaft. 2021-08-11. (PDF) from the original on 2021-08-15. Retrieved 2021-08-15.
^"U.S. imposes sanctions against BelAZ and MAZ". Interfax. March 24, 2023.
minsk, automobile, plant, belarusian, Адкрытaе, Акцыянэрнaе, Таварыства, Мінскі, аўтамабільны, завод, open, minski, autamabilny, zavod, russian, Минский, автомобильный, завод, minskyi, avtomobilnyi, zavod, state, automotive, manufacturer, association, belarus,. Minsk Automobile Plant MAZ Belarusian Adkrytae Akcyyanernae Tavarystva Minski aytamabilny zavod Open JSC Minski Autamabilny Zavod Russian Minskij avtomobilnyj zavod Minskyi Avtomobilnyi Zavod is a state run automotive manufacturer association in Belarus one of the largest in Eastern Europe Minsk Automobile PlantMAZ or Minski Autamabilny ZavodNative nameMinski Autamabilny ZavodTypeState owned enterpriseIndustryAutomotiveFoundedJuly 16 1944 1944 07 16 HeadquartersMinsk BelarusArea servedRussiaEast EuropeKey peopleValery IvankovichProductsTrucks buses trolleybusesRevenue1 490 387 000 Belarusian ruble 2020 Net incomeUS 167 million 2011 OwnerBelarusian government 100 1 Number of employees16 594 2016 1 Websitemaz wbr by wbr en Contents 1 History 2 Political repressions sanctions 3 Organization 4 Products 5 MAZ MAN 6 Models 6 1 Cars 6 2 Trucks 6 3 Buses 6 4 Special models 7 Generations 8 Sponsorship in football 9 Gallery 9 1 Buses 9 2 Trucks 10 Notes 11 References 12 External linksHistory Edit Stamps of Belarus with MAZ trucks 1998 After a decision by the Soviet Industrial command in August 1944 the plant was begun as the Second World War ended 2 The first MAZ model the MAZ 200 entered production in 1949 This truck used General Motors designed two stroke engines and was a continuation of a truck developed by the Yaroslavl Motor Plant YaMZ who also built the engines 2 Later on YaMZ s own original engines were developed and implemented in the MAZ 500 series which was first shown in 1955 but only reaching full series production in 1965 3 Apartment buildings shops medical clinics cinemas etc were built in close proximity to the MAZ plant providing plant workers with local though limited necessities On many of the construction sites German prisoners of war were working together with Belarusian construction workers It manufactures heavy duty trucks buses trolleybuses road tractors and semi trailers for semi trailer trucks and cranes MAZ was and possibly is the world s largest manufacturer of TELs Transporter Erector Launchers for many of the world s mobile ballistic missiles from the MAZ 543 used to carry and launch the Scud B through to the Topol M s 8 axle TEL citation needed In 2020 it was said that the MAZ was the primary supplier for the chassis of such Russian army vehicles as the launchers for the Iskander M and the S 400 because the domestic Russian products are of comparatively low quality 4 Political repressions sanctions EditOn 21 June 2021 MAZ as well as its general manager Ivankovich was added to the sanctions list of the European Union for repressions against workers who participated in mass protests against the authoritarian regime of Alexander Lukashenko following the controversial presidential election of 2020 According to the official decision of the EU MAZ is a source of revenue for the Lukashenka regime OJSC MAZ has offered its premises and equipment to stage a political rally in support of the regime Therefore OJSC MAZ benefits from and supports the Lukashenka regime 5 Moreover Employees of OJSC MAZ who took part in strikes and peaceful protests in the aftermath of fraudulent August 2020 elections in Belarus were intimidated and later laid off by the company s managements A group of employees was locked indoors by OJSC MAZ to prevent them from joining the other protesters Therefore MAZ is responsible for the repression of civil society and supports the Lukashenka regime On the same day MAZ and Ivankovich were also sanctioned by Canada 6 Later Switzerland also sanctioned the company and its general manager 7 8 In March 2023 the U S Treasury included MAZ and Ivankovich in the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons SDN List 9 Organization EditThe association consists of the MAZ plant proper located in Minsk which is the main enterprise of the association as well as several secondary enterprises RUP BAAZ in Baranavichy RUP OZAA in Asipovichy RUA KZTSh in Zhodino RUP Litmash in Minsk PRUP DEMZ in Dzyarzhynsk RUP StrojMAZtrest in Minsk At some points of its history MAZ was united with another heavy automobile company BELAZ also located in Minsk area In 1991 a division specialising in heavy wheeled military vehicles was spun off into a separate business MZKT 10 MAZ is 100 state owned company 1 Products EditAmong other products MAZ city buses see pictures below are operating throughout Belarus as well as in Russia Ukraine Poland Romania Serbia Latvia and Estonia 11 In Serbia working in cooperation with a local based company BIK Bus industries Kragujevac a production of gas powered buses named BIK 203 has been agreed which are based on the platform of MAZ 203 model 12 13 MAZ MAN EditIn 1997 together with MAN a joint Belarusian German company JSC MAZ MAN was set up which by 1998 had established full scale production of heavy vehicles using the F90 MAN cabs introduced 1986 and replaced in 1994 While production of tractors for international trade with 4x2 and 6x4 chassis layouts was a stated goal development of exhaust gas regulations within the EU turned this into illusion Models EditCars Edit MAZ 1500 1959 MAZ s only car Trucks Edit MAZ 200 1950 formerly built by YaAZ from 1947 to 1950 MAZ 200V 1952 tractor trailer version of MAZ 200 MAZ 205 1950 dump truck version of MAZ 200 MAZ 500 MAZ 500A 1965 MAZ 501 1955 logging truck version of MAZ 200 MAZ 501V tractor trailer version of MAZ 501 MAZ 502 1957 4x4 version of MAZ 200 MAZ 502V tractor trailer version of MAZ 502 MAZ 503 MAZ 503A 1958 dump truck version of MAZ 500 MAZ 504 MAZ 504A 1965 tractor trailer version of MAZ 500 MAZ 505 1962 prototype 4x4 truck based on MAZ 500 MAZ 506 1954 prototype dump truck based on MAZ 205 MAZ 509 1969 logging truck version of MAZ 500 MAZ 510 1965 prototype dump truck based on MAZ 503 MAZ 511 dump truck version of MAZ 500 MAZ 512 MAZ 500C cold weather version of MAZ 500 MAZ 513 MAZ 500YU hot weather version of MAZ 500 MAZ 514 1965 prototype three axle truck based on MAZ 500 MAZ 515 1965 prototype tractor trailer version of MAZ 514 MAZ 516 1969 MAZ 520 1972 prototype truck based on MAZ 504 MAZ 525 1951 later built by BelAZ MAZ 528 1955 prototype wheeled dozer MAZ 529 1955 production moved to MoAZ in 1958 MAZ 530 1957 later built by BelAZ MAZ 532 1957 prototype logging truck MAZ 535 1958 production moved to KZKT in 1961 MAZ 537 1959 production moved to KZKT in 1963 MAZ 538 1964 wheeled dozer MAZ 541 1956 aircraft tug based on MAZ 525 MAZ 543 MAZ 7310 1962 MAZ 547 MAZ 7916 1972 MAZ 2000 1988 prototype truck MAZ 3650 2019 MAZ 4370 1999 MAZ 4371 2003 MAZ 4380 2010 MAZ 4471 2006 MAZ 4570 2002 MAZ 5309 2008 MAZ 5316 1999 two axle version of MAZ 6317 MAZ 5334 1977 cab chassis version of MAZ 5335 MAZ 5335 1977 MAZ 5336 1978 MAZ 5337 1978 MAZ 5340 2002 MAZ 5428 1977 MAZ 5429 1978 MAZ 5430 1977 MAZ 5432 1981 MAZ 5433 1987 MAZ 5434 1990 MAZ 5440 1997 MAZ 5442 MAZ 5516 1994 based on MAZ 6303 MAZ 5549 1978 MAZ 5550 2006 MAZ 5551 1985 MAZ 6303 1990s MAZ 6310 2007 MAZ 6312 2007 MAZ 6317 1991 MAZ 6417 MAZ 6418 MAZ 6422 1978 MAZ 6425 tractor trailer version of MAZ 6317 MAZ 6430 1997 MAZ 6440 2011 prototype MAZ 6501 2008 MAZ 6502 2015 MAZ 6516 MAZ 6517 1994 MAZ 7410 based on MAZ 543 MAZ 7906 1984 prototype MAZ 7907 1985 MAZ 7910 based on MAZ 543 MAZ 7922 1990 prototype MAZ 79221 1996 later built by MZKT MAZ 203 and MAZ 206 buses MAZ 447131 Tipper with the MAN F90 cabBuses Edit A MAZ 206 approaching Kim Ma Termini Hanoi Vietnam MAZ 215 in Minsk MAZ 101 1993 based on Neoplan N4016 MAZ 103 Omnibus 1996 based on MAZ 101 MAZ 103T Trolleybus 1999 MAZ 104 1997 based on MAZ 103 MAZ 105 articulated 1997 based on MAZ 103 MAZ 107 three axle 2001 based on MAZ 103 MAZ 152 city bus 1999 MAZ 163 MAZ 171 Airport bus 2005 MAZ 203 Omnibus 2006 MAZ 203T Trolleybus 2006 MAZ 205 2009 MAZ 206 Omnibus 2006 MAZ 207 MAZ 215 2014 MAZ 216 2018 MAZ 226 2007 MAZ 231 MAZ 241 MAZ 251 Tourist 2006 MAZ 256 Omnibus 2006 MAZ 257 2019 MAZ 271 2020 MAZ 281 2019 MAZ 303 2019 Special models Edit MAZ 535 MAZ 537 The MAZ 535 and the heavier version MAZ 537 were developed in the early 1960s and built to transport rockets and tanks of various types MAZ 543 MAZ 7310 The MAZ 543 was also designed for the transport of medium and long range missiles and has the same specifications as the MAZ 537 The MAZ 543 is best known as mobile missile launch pad of Scud missiles In 1976 the MAZ 7310 was released It is similar to the MAZ 543 but without the special equipment In addition there are various modifications of the vehicle such as the MAZ 547 as a mobile launch pad for SS 20 missiles or the MAZ 7917 as a launch pad of Topol intercontinental missile MAZ 547 MAZ 7916 The MAZ 547 is a six axle version of the MAZ 543 and was used for the RSD 10 Pioneer IRBM The MAZ 7916 an improved version was released in 1980 MAZ 7904 The MAZ 7904 is the largest wheeled vehicle that was ever designed for military purposes in the USSR The prototype was designed in 1982 as a support vehicle for intercontinental ballistic missiles but never went into production The vehicle was found in 2007 in a hangar at Baikonur but was scrapped in 2010 due to severe corrosion 14 15 16 MAZ 7906 MAZ 7907 The MAZ 7906 was an eight axle 16 wheel Transporter erector launcher intended to transport the Tselina 2 missile a projected road mobile variant of the RT 23 Molodets In 1985 the 12 axle MAZ 7907 was developed also intended for the Tselina 2 Two prototypes were produced but despite successful factory trials no production followed At least one seems to have been used after the collapse of the USSR for transportation of bridge parts and ships One unit is stored at the Minsk Wheel Tractor plant awaiting restoration MAZ 7912 MAZ 7917 The MAZ 7912 is a seven axle 14 wheel TEL for the Topol missile In 1984 the MAZ 7917 was released lengthened 1 m 3 3 ft and had crew cabins similar to the MAZ 7916 MAZ 537 MAZ 543 MAZ 7917Generations EditNo Years of release Features Image1 1950 1965 MAZ 200 series 2 1965 1977 MAZ 500 series 3 1977 1990 MAZ 5334 35 series 4 since 1981 MAZ 6422 5432 series 5 since 1997 MAZ 6430 5440 series Sponsorship in football Edit1999 2002 Torpedo MAZ MinskGallery EditBuses Edit MAZ 105 bus MAZ 103 city bus yellow in Constanța Romania MAZ 103 city bus pink in Constanța Romania MAZ 103 city bus in Iași Romania Restyled MAZ 103 bus in Kazan Russia MAZ 103 CNG MAZ 103T trolleybus in Minsk MAZ 107 city bus in Constanța Romania MAZ 203 and MAZ 206 buses MAZ 251 coach in Munich MAZ 206 at Kim Ma Terminal Hanoi Vietnam MAZ 203T trolleybus in Galați Romania MAZ 215 articulated bus in Kyiv Ukraine MAZ 303 busTrucks Edit MAZ 5551 9K72 Elbrus launcher 9P117 MAZ 543 airport tender airport in Kyrgyzstan Fire truck ATs 5 0 50 4 on MAZ 5337A2 01 MAZ 5337 Firetruck in Baranavichy Belarus MAZ 6440 conventional cab tractor unit MAZ 4571 box truck MAZ 6501 flatbed truck with trailer MAZ 5440 semi trailer truck MAZ 6516 concrete mixer truck MAZ 6430 tractor unit towing a tank trailer at the border between Armenia and Iran MAZ 6312 milk tank truck MAZ 6516 dump truck orange MAZ 6312 logging truck in MinskNotes Edit a b c OAO MAZ upravlyayushaya kompaniya holdinga BELAVTOMAZ a b Schauen Till December 2015 Bau genossen The joys of cooperative building Last amp Kraft in German Vol 24 no 1 December Januar 2016 Mainz Germany Vereinigte Fachverlage p 63 ISSN 1613 1606 Schauen p 64 Ferris Emily 12 January 2023 Could Russia s Reliance on Belarus be its Soft Underbelly PDF The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies COUNCIL IMPLEMENTING REGULATION EU 2021 997 Official Journal of the European Union 21 06 2021 Consolidated Canadian Autonomous Sanctions List Global Affairs Canada 19 October 2015 Retrieved 2021 06 29 Shields Michael Liffey Kevin 2021 07 07 Liffey Kevin ed Swiss widen sanctions list against Belarus Reuters Archived from the original on 2021 07 07 Retrieved 2021 07 10 Sanctions program Belarus Verordnung vom 11 August 2021 uber Massnahmen gegenuber Belarus SR 946 231 116 9 Anhang 7 und 8 PDF Staatssekretariat fur Wirtschaft 2021 08 11 Archived PDF from the original on 2021 08 15 Retrieved 2021 08 15 U S imposes sanctions against BelAZ and MAZ Interfax March 24 2023 Minsk Wheeled Tractor Plant MZKT 2011 05 15 Retrieved 2011 05 15 MAZ buses on display at Busworld 2007 Economy News headlines Belarus News Belarusian news Belarus today news in Belarus Minsk news BELTA Belarus News Belarusian news Belarus today news in Belarus Minsk news BELTA Archived from the original on 2014 03 06 Retrieved 2016 01 27 Gas powered bus from Kragujevac at ekapija rs 20 4 2009 MAZ BIK 203 at Vulovic Transport official website Soviet Army Super Vehicles May 2007 Avtomodelnoe byuro MAZ 7904 2013 06 10 Retrieved 2013 06 10 Maz 7904 References EditPeter J Davies Trucks of the World The encyclopedia of makes and models from 2002 Motor Book Stuttgart ISBN 3 613 02257 5 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod Official site Official Maz Man website MAZ russian history Coordinates 53 51 44 N 27 39 15 E 53 86222 N 27 65417 E 53 86222 27 65417 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Minsk Automobile Plant amp oldid 1150630346, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
