Third (chord)

In music, the third factor of a chord is the note or pitch two scale degrees above the root or tonal center. When the third is the bass note, or lowest note, of the expressed triad, the chord is in first inversion.

First inversion C major triad. The third is the bass.

Third (E), in red, of a C major chord

Use

 

Two added chords with mixed thirds, thirds separated by octave^[1]

Chord on left

Right

Conventionally, the third is third in importance to the root and fifth, with the third in all primary triads (I, IV, V and i, iv, v) being either major or minor. In jazz chords and theory, the third is required due to it determining chord quality.

The third in both major and augmented chords is major (E♮ in C) and the third in both minor and diminished chords is minor (E♭ in C).

Tenth

 

Minor tenth on C

 

Major tenth on C

In music and music theory, a tenth is the note ten scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the tenth.

Since there are only seven degrees in a diatonic scale the tenth degree is the same as the mediant and the interval of a tenth is a compound third.

See also

• List of third intervals

Notes

1. Kostka, Stefan; Payne, Dorothy; Almén, Byron (2013). Tonal Harmony with an Introduction to Twentieth-century Music (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. p. 494. ISBN 0-07-035874-5.

Further reading

• Duckworth, William (2007). A Creative Approach to Music Fundamentals (9th ed.). Thomson Schirmer. pp. 1–384. ISBN 0-495-09093-X.
• Persichetti, Vincent (1961). Twentieth-century Harmony: Creative Aspects and Practice. New York: W. W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-09539-8. OCLC 398434.