Administratively there are two osiedla (a form of districts), which have a combined area of 16.3315 km2 (Mikuszowice Krakowskie: 3.8602 km2, Mikuszowice Śląskie: 12.4713 km2) and on December 31, 2006 had altogether 10,041 inhabitants (2,867 in Mikuszowice Krakowskie, 7,174 in Mikuszowice Śląskie).[1]
The village was established in the early 14th century shortly after the foundation of Bielsko.[2] It was first mentioned in 1312 in the document of Mieszko I, Duke of Cieszyn in which the duke bestowed the forest between Kamienica and Mikuszowice upon the town dwellers of Bielsko.[3] Being then mentioned as Nickelstorff,[4] the name being an amalgam of Nicholas in German spelling and dorf (German: a village), it was undoubtedly established by German settlers.[5] In 1314 or 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland the Duchy of Oświęcim was split from the Duchy of Teschen with the new border running along Biała River and cutting through Mikuszowice, dividing it into two parts.[6]
Mikuszowice Krakowskieedit
Saint Barbara Church
The part of the village on the right bank of the Biała river became a part of the Duchy of Oświęcim, which in 1327 became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In 1457 Jan IV of Oświęcim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown, and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Mykluschowicze.[7]
The territory of the Duchy of Oświęcim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Kraków Voivodeship. In 1690 the wooden Saint Barbara church was built here, currently an important landmark of the district.[8] Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia. In the 19th century Mikuszowice Krakowskie were industrialised.[9] After World War I and fall of Austria-Hungary in 1918 it became part of Poland.
Mikuszowice Śląskieedit
The part of the village on the left bank of the Biała river continued to be a part of the Duchy of Teschen, which like the Duchy of Oświęcim in 1327 also became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia. However, when the Duchy of Oświęcim became a part of Poland in the 1450s, the Duchy of Teschen continued to be a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which itself became a part of the Habsburg monarchy in 1526. Biała River constituted then a state border. In 1572 Mikuszowice Śląskie were sold together with Bielsko and dozen surrounding villages by dukes of Teschen and formed Bielsko state country (since 1754 a duchy).[10] In the middle of the 17th century Stanisław Warszycki, the owner of Mikuszowice Krakowskie occupied the Silesian counterpart of the village, which led to an intervention of the Habsburg army in 1655.[11] A year later the village was assaulted by Swedish army in the course of the so called Deluge, local peasants failed to defend themselves, and both villages were burned on 8 March.[11]
After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political and legal district of Bielsko. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 809 in 1880 to 1502 in 1910 with the majority being native German-speakers (at least 863 or 79.4% in 1890 and at most 1042 or 83.6% in 1900, 1230 or 82.9% in 1900) accompanied by Polish-speaking minority (at least 111 or 13.7% in 1880, at most 223 or 20.4% in 1890, 254 or 17.1% in 1910). In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics (897 or 59.8%), followed by Protestants (527 or 35%), Jews (75 or 5%) and 3 others.[12] It was then considered to be a part of a German language island around Bielsko (German: Bielitz-Bialaer Sprachinsel).[13]
In the late 19th century Mikuszowice Śląskie became a spa resort for Bielsko residents, in contradistinction to the more industrialized Mikuszowice Krakowskie.[9]
After World War Iedit
After the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920 Mikuszowice Śląskie also became a part of Poland. The villages were then administratively joined. The municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II, after it they were restored to Poland. Afterwards they were intermittently separated. In 1957 Mikuszowice Śląskie gained a status of urban-type settlement.[14] Mikuszowice became administratively a part of Bielsko-Biała in 1968.[15]
Referencesedit
^Rada Miejska w Bielsku-Białej (21 December 2007). (PDF) (in Polish). p. 9-10. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
^Panic, Idzi, ed. (2011). "Zaplecze osadnicze Bielska". Bielsko-Biała. Monografia miasta [A Written Account of Bielsko-Biała] (in Polish). Vol. Tom I: Bielsko od zarania do wybuchu wojen śląskich. Bielsko-Biała: Wydział Kultury i Sztuki Urzędu Miejskiego w Bielsku-Białej. p. 214. ISBN978-83-60136-31-7.
^Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of the former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach. p. 117. ISSN 0208-6336.
^Bielsko-Biała. Monografia miasta (A Written Account of Bielsko-Biała), 2011, Vol. 1, p. 213
^Prokop, Krzysztof Rafał (2002). Księstwa oświęcimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438-1513. Dzieje polityczne [Duchy of Oświęcim and Zator's dealings with the Polish Crown in years 1438-1513. Political history] (in Polish). Kraków: PAU. p. 151. ISBN83-88857-31-2.
^Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. p. 226. ISBN978-83-926929-5-9.
^Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem [Ethnic relations in the Duchy of Cieszyn] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. p. 258, 276.
^ [Hałcnów dialect and Bielsko-Biala's language island]. inne-jezyki.amu.edu.p (in Polish). Dziedzictwo językowe Rzeczypospolitej. 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
^Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 29 listopada 1957 r. w sprawie utworzenia niektórych osiedli w województwach: katowickim, kieleckim, krakowskim, lubelskim, poznańskim i wrocławskim., Dz. U. z 1957 r. Nr 59, poz. 317
^Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 10 grudnia 1968 r. w sprawie zmiany granic miasta Bielsko-Biała w województwie katowickim., Dz. U. z 1968 r. Nr 45, poz. 328
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April 13, 2024
mikuszowice, german, nikelsdorf, informal, dzielnica, district, bielsko, biała, silesian, voivodeship, poland, located, southern, part, city, both, banks, biała, river, historical, border, river, between, silesia, lesser, poland, from, 15th, century, 1772, als. Mikuszowice German Nikelsdorf is an informal dzielnica district of Bielsko Biala Silesian Voivodeship Poland It is located in the southern part of the city on both banks of the Biala River the historical border river between Silesia and Lesser Poland and from the mid 15th century to 1772 also the states of Poland and Bohemia from 1526 part of the Habsburg monarchy MikuszowiceDistrict of Bielsko BialaAerial viewLocation of Mikuszowice within Bielsko BialaCoordinates 49 47 0 N 19 4 13 E 49 78333 N 19 07028 E 49 78333 19 07028Country PolandVoivodeshipSilesianCounty CityBielsko BialaArea Total16 3315 km2 6 3056 sq mi Population 2006 Total10 041 Density610 km2 1 600 sq mi Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Area code 48 033Administratively there are two osiedla a form of districts which have a combined area of 16 3315 km2 Mikuszowice Krakowskie 3 8602 km2 Mikuszowice Slaskie 12 4713 km2 and on December 31 2006 had altogether 10 041 inhabitants 2 867 in Mikuszowice Krakowskie 7 174 in Mikuszowice Slaskie 1 Contents 1 History 1 1 Mikuszowice Krakowskie 1 2 Mikuszowice Slaskie 1 3 After World War I 2 ReferencesHistory editThe village was established in the early 14th century shortly after the foundation of Bielsko 2 It was first mentioned in 1312 in the document of Mieszko I Duke of Cieszyn in which the duke bestowed the forest between Kamienica and Mikuszowice upon the town dwellers of Bielsko 3 Being then mentioned as Nickelstorff 4 the name being an amalgam of Nicholas in German spelling and dorf German a village it was undoubtedly established by German settlers 5 In 1314 or 1315 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland the Duchy of Oswiecim was split from the Duchy of Teschen with the new border running along Biala River and cutting through Mikuszowice dividing it into two parts 6 Mikuszowice Krakowskie edit nbsp Saint Barbara ChurchThe part of the village on the right bank of the Biala river became a part of the Duchy of Oswiecim which in 1327 became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia In 1457 Jan IV of Oswiecim agreed to sell the duchy to the Polish Crown and in the accompanying document issued on 21 February the village was mentioned as Mykluschowicze 7 The territory of the Duchy of Oswiecim was eventually incorporated into Poland in 1564 and formed Silesian County of Krakow Voivodeship In 1690 the wooden Saint Barbara church was built here currently an important landmark of the district 8 Upon the First Partition of Poland in 1772 it became part of the Austrian Kingdom of Galicia In the 19th century Mikuszowice Krakowskie were industrialised 9 After World War I and fall of Austria Hungary in 1918 it became part of Poland Mikuszowice Slaskie edit The part of the village on the left bank of the Biala river continued to be a part of the Duchy of Teschen which like the Duchy of Oswiecim in 1327 also became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia However when the Duchy of Oswiecim became a part of Poland in the 1450s the Duchy of Teschen continued to be a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia which itself became a part of the Habsburg monarchy in 1526 Biala River constituted then a state border In 1572 Mikuszowice Slaskie were sold together with Bielsko and dozen surrounding villages by dukes of Teschen and formed Bielsko state country since 1754 a duchy 10 In the middle of the 17th century Stanislaw Warszycki the owner of Mikuszowice Krakowskie occupied the Silesian counterpart of the village which led to an intervention of the Habsburg army in 1655 11 A year later the village was assaulted by Swedish army in the course of the so called Deluge local peasants failed to defend themselves and both villages were burned on 8 March 11 After the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re established Austrian Silesia The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political and legal district of Bielsko According to the censuses conducted in 1880 1890 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality grew from 809 in 1880 to 1502 in 1910 with the majority being native German speakers at least 863 or 79 4 in 1890 and at most 1042 or 83 6 in 1900 1230 or 82 9 in 1900 accompanied by Polish speaking minority at least 111 or 13 7 in 1880 at most 223 or 20 4 in 1890 254 or 17 1 in 1910 In terms of religion in 1910 the majority were Roman Catholics 897 or 59 8 followed by Protestants 527 or 35 Jews 75 or 5 and 3 others 12 It was then considered to be a part of a German language island around Bielsko German Bielitz Bialaer Sprachinsel 13 In the late 19th century Mikuszowice Slaskie became a spa resort for Bielsko residents in contradistinction to the more industrialized Mikuszowice Krakowskie 9 After World War I edit After the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920 Mikuszowice Slaskie also became a part of Poland The villages were then administratively joined The municipality was annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II after it they were restored to Poland Afterwards they were intermittently separated In 1957 Mikuszowice Slaskie gained a status of urban type settlement 14 Mikuszowice became administratively a part of Bielsko Biala in 1968 15 References edit Rada Miejska w Bielsku Bialej 21 December 2007 Program rewitalizacji obszarow miejskich w Bielsku Bialej na lata 2007 2013 PDF in Polish p 9 10 Archived from the original PDF on 22 May 2015 Retrieved 21 May 2015 Panic Idzi ed 2011 Zaplecze osadnicze Bielska Bielsko Biala Monografia miasta A Written Account of Bielsko Biala in Polish Vol Tom I Bielsko od zarania do wybuchu wojen slaskich Bielsko Biala Wydzial Kultury i Sztuki Urzedu Miejskiego w Bielsku Bialej p 214 ISBN 978 83 60136 31 7 Bielsko Biala Monografia miasta 2011 p 149 Mrozek Robert 1984 Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Slaska Cieszynskiego Local names of the former Cieszyn Silesia in Polish Katowice Uniwersytet Slaski w Katowicach p 117 ISSN 0208 6336 Bielsko Biala Monografia miasta 2011 p 209 Bielsko Biala Monografia miasta A Written Account of Bielsko Biala 2011 Vol 1 p 213 Prokop Krzysztof Rafal 2002 Ksiestwa oswiecimskie i zatorskie wobec Korony Polskiej w latach 1438 1513 Dzieje polityczne Duchy of Oswiecim and Zator s dealings with the Polish Crown in years 1438 1513 Political history in Polish Krakow PAU p 151 ISBN 83 88857 31 2 Trus Radoslaw 2008 Beskid Maly Przewodnik Little Beskids Guidebook Pruszkow Oficyna Wydawnicza Rewasz p 291 ISBN 978 83 89188 77 9 a b Baranski Miroslaw 2007 Beskid Slaski Przewodnik Silesian Beskids Guidebook Pruszkow Oficyna Wydawnicza Rewasz p 416 ISBN 978 83 89188 71 7 Panic Idzi 2011 Slask Cieszynski w poczatkach czasow nowozytnych 1528 1653 Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era 1528 1653 in Polish Cieszyn Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie p 226 ISBN 978 83 926929 5 9 a b R Trus 2008 p 290 Piatkowski Kazimierz 1918 Stosunki narodowosciowe w Ksiestwie Cieszynskiem Ethnic relations in the Duchy of Cieszyn in Polish Cieszyn Macierz Szkolna Ksiestwa Cieszynskiego p 258 276 halcnowski i bielsko bialska wyspa jezykowa Halcnow dialect and Bielsko Biala s language island inne jezyki amu edu p in Polish Dziedzictwo jezykowe Rzeczypospolitej 2014 Archived from the original on 6 October 2014 Retrieved 12 September 2014 Rozporzadzenie Rady Ministrow z dnia 29 listopada 1957 r w sprawie utworzenia niektorych osiedli w wojewodztwach katowickim kieleckim krakowskim lubelskim poznanskim i wroclawskim Dz U z 1957 r Nr 59 poz 317 Rozporzadzenie Rady Ministrow z dnia 10 grudnia 1968 r w sprawie zmiany granic miasta Bielsko Biala w wojewodztwie katowickim Dz U z 1968 r Nr 45 poz 328 nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mikuszowice Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mikuszowice amp oldid 1081133843, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
