The modern Mexican Legion of Honor (Spanish: Legión de Honor Mexicana) is an order of merit awarded to soldiers, veterans, and others who have made outstanding contributions to the national defense, security, or sovereignty of Mexico. An earlier, post-revolutionary version was organized as a military reserve force.
Mexican Legion of Honor
Graphic based on the decoration awarded to members of the Legión de Honor Mexicana
Awarded by Consejo de Honor de la Legión de Honor Militar Mexicana[1]
A forerunner to the modern Legion was founded in 1917 under President Venustiano Carranza to provide an "honorable location for excess officers of the Constitutional Army." It was available for use as a reserve force in case of national emergency, and also provided training for new recruits.[3]
Historyedit
The modern Mexican Legion of Honor was created in a 1949 decree by President Miguel Alemán Valdés[3] to "honor soldiers during their lifetime" who had contributed to the national defense, or who had contributed in some form to the social achievements enshrined in the Constitution.[2][a] Eligibility changes included admission for those who had served the country, or completed at least thirty years of active military service.[3]
A 1994 amendment to the original act established some organizational changes, including an official name change to Legión de Honor Militar Mexicana, and added eligibility to those who had "participated in the most preeminent events" of Mexican history, carried out "heroic actions", or in some way contributed to the military defense of the nation, to guaranteeing national security, or to maintain national sovereignty and independence.[2][b] It also established a Council to have the final word on eligibility[4] and defined more exactly the criteria for members of the Navy and the Air Force to be honored.[5] A 2003 law refers to it as a decoration or award (condecoración).[6]
A 2015 amendment recognized the original, purely military nature of the organization, but taking into account an extended period of peacetime, expanded the eligibility to certain outstanding non-military recipients as well.[7][c]
Women and the Legionedit
Although some women had fought valiantly in the Mexican Revolution, even in dangerous combat conditions, and had achieved military rank up to captain and colonel based on the merits, their grade and achievements were officially annulled almost immediately after the revolution. In 1916, circular #78 by the Secretary of War declared that "all military appointments of women and girls are null and void, whatever their contributions may have been." This not only blocked their path to reenlist in the army, and the right to belong to the Legion of Honor in their capacity as veterans, but also blocked their military retirement pensions. When peace came, they not only bypassed women for honors and pensions, but ignored their contributions entirely, as their mere presence would do violence to a patriarchal institution.[8] The 1949 reorganization opened the membership first to civilians, and then to women. Although some women were recognized as members, without recognizing either their military rank or their pensions.[9]
^...honrar en vida a los militares que contribuyeron de manera relevante en la defensa militar de la Nación o que de alguna forma contribuyeron a lograr las conquistas sociales plasmadas en nuestra Constitución. ——DOF 2015
^...para honrar en vida a los militares que hayan participado en los hechos sobresalientes de nuestra historia, así como a quienes realicen actos heroicos o en cualquier forma contribuyan a la defensa militar de la Nación, a la garantía de la seguridad nacional y a lograr mantener la soberanía e independencia nacionales. —DOF 2015
^...se podrán otorgar reconocimientos y medallas para honrar en vida a las personas que realicen... [emphasis added] —DOF 2015
"DECRETO que reforma, adiciona y deroga diversas disposiciones del diverso que creó la Legión de Honor Mexicana" [DECREE which amends and adds and delegates various provisions to the act which created the Mexican Legion of Honor.]. Diario Oficial de la Federación (in Spanish). 22 November 1994. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
"DECRETO que reforma y adiciona diferentes disposiciones del diverso que crea la Legión de Honor Mexicana" [DECREE which amends and adds various provisions which created the Mexican Legion of Honor]. Diario Oficial de la Federación (in Spanish). 12 November 2015. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
Rocha Islas, Martha Eva (2000) [1st pub:1993]. "Los textos narrativos y su importancia historiográfica: Las Memorias de Leonor Villegas de Magnón". In Gutiérrez, Ramón A.; Padilla, Genaro M.; Herrera-Sobek, María (eds.). Recovering the U.S. Hispanic Literary Heritage. Houston, Texas: Arte Publico Press. pp. 85–86. ISBN978-1-55885-251-8. OCLC 965124807. Retrieved 2 January 2018.
Navarro, Aaron W. (1 January 2010). Political Intelligence and the Creation of Modern Mexico, 1938-1954. University Park, Penna.: Penn State Press. ISBN978-0-271-03706-6. OCLC 537294233. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
Camara de deputados del H. Congreso de la Unión de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (2011-05-08) [1st pub. 30 Oct 2003]. Ley de Ascensos y Recompensas del Ejército y Fuerza Aérea Mexicanos [Act on Promotions and Rewards of the Mexican Army and Air Force] (in Spanish) (Last amendment ed.). Nisi Lex Editores. GGKEY:FSW23L9DXBL. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
January 01, 1970
mexican, legion, honor, this, article, relies, excessively, references, primary, sources, please, improve, this, article, adding, secondary, tertiary, sources, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, january, 2018, learn, when, remove, this, me. This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources Mexican Legion of Honor news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message The modern Mexican Legion of Honor Spanish Legion de Honor Mexicana is an order of merit awarded to soldiers veterans and others who have made outstanding contributions to the national defense security or sovereignty of Mexico An earlier post revolutionary version was organized as a military reserve force Mexican Legion of HonorGraphic based on the decoration awarded to members of the Legion de Honor MexicanaAwarded by Consejo de Honor de la Legion de Honor Militar Mexicana 1 TypeState order of meritEstablished1 February 1949 2 CountryMexicoEligibilitysoldiers and others with outstanding contributions to defense of MexicoFounderGilberto R Limon es and Miguel Aleman ValdesPresident of MexicoAndres Manuel Lopez ObradorSecretary of National Defense Mexico Luis Cresencio Sandoval GonzalezDrawing based on the emblem used by members while in civilian clothes Contents 1 Precursor 2 History 3 Women and the Legion 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 SourcesPrecursor editA forerunner to the modern Legion was founded in 1917 under President Venustiano Carranza to provide an honorable location for excess officers of the Constitutional Army It was available for use as a reserve force in case of national emergency and also provided training for new recruits 3 History editThe modern Mexican Legion of Honor was created in a 1949 decree by President Miguel Aleman Valdes 3 to honor soldiers during their lifetime who had contributed to the national defense or who had contributed in some form to the social achievements enshrined in the Constitution 2 a Eligibility changes included admission for those who had served the country or completed at least thirty years of active military service 3 A 1994 amendment to the original act established some organizational changes including an official name change to Legion de Honor Militar Mexicana and added eligibility to those who had participated in the most preeminent events of Mexican history carried out heroic actions or in some way contributed to the military defense of the nation to guaranteeing national security or to maintain national sovereignty and independence 2 b It also established a Council to have the final word on eligibility 4 and defined more exactly the criteria for members of the Navy and the Air Force to be honored 5 A 2003 law refers to it as a decoration or award condecoracion 6 A 2015 amendment recognized the original purely military nature of the organization but taking into account an extended period of peacetime expanded the eligibility to certain outstanding non military recipients as well 7 c Women and the Legion editAlthough some women had fought valiantly in the Mexican Revolution even in dangerous combat conditions and had achieved military rank up to captain and colonel based on the merits their grade and achievements were officially annulled almost immediately after the revolution In 1916 circular 78 by the Secretary of War declared that all military appointments of women and girls are null and void whatever their contributions may have been This not only blocked their path to reenlist in the army and the right to belong to the Legion of Honor in their capacity as veterans but also blocked their military retirement pensions When peace came they not only bypassed women for honors and pensions but ignored their contributions entirely as their mere presence would do violence to a patriarchal institution 8 The 1949 reorganization opened the membership first to civilians and then to women Although some women were recognized as members without recognizing either their military rank or their pensions 9 See also edit nbsp Mexico portal Porfirio Diaz Mexican Armed ForcesNotes edit honrar en vida a los militares que contribuyeron de manera relevante en la defensa militar de la Nacion o que de alguna forma contribuyeron a lograr las conquistas sociales plasmadas en nuestra Constitucion DOF 2015 para honrar en vida a los militares que hayan participado en los hechos sobresalientes de nuestra historia asi como a quienes realicen actos heroicos o en cualquier forma contribuyan a la defensa militar de la Nacion a la garantia de la seguridad nacional y a lograr mantener la soberania e independencia nacionales DOF 2015 se podran otorgar reconocimientos y medallas para honrar en vida a las personas que realicen emphasis added DOF 2015References edit DOF 1994 a b c DOF 2015 a b c Navarro 2010 p 213 DOF 1994 Articulo 4o DOF 1994 Articulo 5 20 V Congreso 2011 p 16 Articulo 64 DOF 2015 Articulo 9o Bis Rocha Islas 2000 p 85 Rocha Islas 2000 p 86 Sources edit DECRETO que reforma adiciona y deroga diversas disposiciones del diverso que creo la Legion de Honor Mexicana DECREE which amends and adds and delegates various provisions to the act which created the Mexican Legion of Honor Diario Oficial de la Federacion in Spanish 22 November 1994 Retrieved 2 January 2018 DECRETO que reforma y adiciona diferentes disposiciones del diverso que crea la Legion de Honor Mexicana DECREE which amends and adds various provisions which created the Mexican Legion of Honor Diario Oficial de la Federacion in Spanish 12 November 2015 Retrieved 2 January 2018 Rocha Islas Martha Eva 2000 1st pub 1993 Los textos narrativos y su importancia historiografica Las Memorias de Leonor Villegas de Magnon In Gutierrez Ramon A Padilla Genaro M Herrera Sobek Maria eds Recovering the U S Hispanic Literary Heritage Houston Texas Arte Publico Press pp 85 86 ISBN 978 1 55885 251 8 OCLC 965124807 Retrieved 2 January 2018 Navarro Aaron W 1 January 2010 Political Intelligence and the Creation of Modern Mexico 1938 1954 University Park Penna Penn State Press ISBN 978 0 271 03706 6 OCLC 537294233 Retrieved 6 January 2018 Camara de deputados del H Congreso de la Union de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos 2011 05 08 1st pub 30 Oct 2003 Ley de Ascensos y Recompensas del Ejercito y Fuerza Aerea Mexicanos Act on Promotions and Rewards of the Mexican Army and Air Force in Spanish Last amendment ed Nisi Lex Editores GGKEY FSW23L9DXBL Retrieved 6 January 2018 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mexican Legion of Honor amp oldid 1179666289, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
