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Max Steineke

Max Steineke was a prominent American petroleum geologist. He was chief geologist at California-Arabian Standard Oil Co. (CASOC) from 1936 until 1950 (by which time CASOC had become Aramco). His efforts, and persistence through repeated setbacks, led to the first discovery of oil in commercial quantities in Saudi Arabia, which took place at the well known as "Dammam No. 7" in March 1938.[1][2] He graduated from Stanford University in 1921 with an AB degree in geology. Steineke died in 1952.

Max Steineke
Saudi Arabia, 1938
BornMarch 1898
DiedApril 1952 (1952-05) (aged 54)
NationalityAmerican
Alma materStanford University
Scientific career
FieldsGeology
InstitutionsCalifornia-Arabian Standard Oil Co. (CASOC)

Early life edit

Steineke spent his early years on a homestead near Brookings, Oregon, one of nine children of German immigrants. At the age of twelve, he left home for nearby Crescent City, California, where he found employment at a lumber mill. A school teacher with whom he boarded took an interest in him, and encouraged his further education.[3]

In 1917 he entered Stanford University (at that time no entrance examination was required). He graduated in 1921 with an AB in geology. In the years between graduation and the beginning of his work in Saudi Arabia, he explored for oil in California, Alaska, Canada, Colombia, and New Zealand.[3]

Discovery of Oil in Saudi Arabia edit

On May 29, 1933, an oil concession agreement was signed between Saudi Arabia and Standard Oil of California (SoCal), and on November 8, SoCal formed a subsidiary, the California-Arabian Standard Oil Company (CASOC) to manage the concession. The geological formation known as "Dammam Dome" was the first target of exploration, initially investigated by Schuyler B. Henry and J.W. Hoover in 1933. The first of a series of test wells was drilled into the formation in 1935.[4]

Steineke had arrived for the first time in Saudi Arabia in 1934, and was appointed chief geologist of CASOC in 1936. In 1937 he made a round trip of geological reconnaissance across the Saudi Arabian peninsula with a small party of other geologists.[5]

Meanwhile, a series of test wells had been drilled at Dammam. Through 1936 none of the wells had demonstrated the presence of oil in commercial quantities. In December 1936, a "deep test", No. 7, was begun at the urging of Steineke, who wished to test the deeper porous limestone "Arab Zone" underlying impervious anhydrite. All through 1937, No. 7 experienced a series of expensive accidents and delays, and SoCal management became increasingly impatient. The Arabian venture was costing a lot of money, and so far there wasn't much encouragement.[6]

In early 1938, Steineke was called back to San Francisco. SoCal had reportedly decided to "pull the plug" on Saudi Arabian exploration. Steineke, now the chief geologist of the venture, convinced his managers to at least wait for the results from Dammam #7, which was still drilling at a slow pace.[7] During the first week of March 1938, at a depth of 1440 meters, Dammam No. 7 started producing at commercial quantities, reaching more than 3000 barrels per day by the end of the month.[4][5] The success at No. 7 quickly led to further positive results, and by 1940, the Dammam field was producing more than 12,000 barrels per day.

Steineke had found clues to oil at a site 30 miles from Dammam, where, in November 1940, the first well flowed at nearly 10,000 barrels per day.[4] What Steineke had discovered was the huge Abqaiq field, and King Abdulaziz named Well No. 7 the Prosperity Well.[6]

Steineke developed the structural drilling technique, a method of drilling shallow holes in order to discover and map the underlying rock formations.[8] It was widely used in later exploration for oil in Saudi Arabia, and cited when he received the Powers Award[9] of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists: "The methods he [Steineke] developed in the area probably resulted in the discovery of greater reserves than any other geologist."[10] The method was instrumental[11] in the discovery of the most productive oil field ever found: Ghawar.[6]

Steineke continued to work in Saudi Arabia during World War II. During that period CASOC's role was to produce oil for the allies, and protect the oil fields from enemy occupation.[3] He continued as Aramco's chief geologist until 1950, when his health began to deteriorate.[10]

Steineke died in Los Altos, California, in April, 1952, at age 54.

Awards and honors edit

The Sidney Powers Memorial Award, American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1951.[9][6]: 21 

The Bedouin trackers led by Khamis ibn Rimthan [ar], renamed a Um Ruqaibah jebel as Usba Steineke, Finger of Steineke. As Thomas Barger wrote, "...Max was much the same as Khamis...Figuratively as well as literally, they both seemed to know where they were and where they were going next."[6]: 22 

Steineke Hall, a guest house in the Saudi Aramco Residential Camp in Dhahran, was named in honor of Max Steineke.

Max Steineke Endowed Professorship in the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University. [12]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "In War and Peace 1927-1946", About Chevron, retrieved 29 December 2011
  2. ^ "Strangers From a World Unknown", Saudi Aramco World, May/June 1984, retrieved 29 December 2011
  3. ^ a b c King, Carol (September 1991), "Max of Arabia", Stanford Magazine, Special Centennial Edition, 100 Years of Achievement: 142
  4. ^ a b c Libby, Michael (Fall 1988), "The Great Arabian Discovery", Chevron World: 22–25
  5. ^ a b Stegner, Wallace (January 1971). Discovery! The Search for Arabian Oil. Beirut Lebanon: Middle East Export Press, Inc.
  6. ^ a b c d e Al-Naimi, Ali (2016). Out of the Desert. Great Britain: Portfolio Penguin. pp. 16–19. ISBN 9780241279250.
  7. ^ "Traveling geologist" website article referenced to Discovery! The Search for Arabian Oil, by Wallace Stegner, 1971
  8. ^ Morton, Michael Quentin (6 March 2018). "Max Steineke and the Structure Drill". GeoExpro. 15 (1): 60–64. Retrieved 10 March 2018.
  9. ^ a b "Powers Award, American Association of Petroleum Geologists".
  10. ^ a b Barger, Thomas (2000). Out in the Blue, Letters from Arabia, 1937 to 1940. Vista, California: Selwa Press. p. 254.
  11. ^ Sorkhabi, Rasoul (June 2011). "Finding Ghawar - The Elephant Hid in the Desert".
  12. ^ . Archived from the original on 2015-09-21. Retrieved 2012-01-03.

steineke, prominent, american, petroleum, geologist, chief, geologist, california, arabian, standard, casoc, from, 1936, until, 1950, which, time, casoc, become, aramco, efforts, persistence, through, repeated, setbacks, first, discovery, commercial, quantitie. Max Steineke was a prominent American petroleum geologist He was chief geologist at California Arabian Standard Oil Co CASOC from 1936 until 1950 by which time CASOC had become Aramco His efforts and persistence through repeated setbacks led to the first discovery of oil in commercial quantities in Saudi Arabia which took place at the well known as Dammam No 7 in March 1938 1 2 He graduated from Stanford University in 1921 with an AB degree in geology Steineke died in 1952 Max SteinekeSaudi Arabia 1938BornMarch 1898Brookings Oregon U S DiedApril 1952 1952 05 aged 54 Los Altos California U S NationalityAmericanAlma materStanford UniversityScientific careerFieldsGeologyInstitutionsCalifornia Arabian Standard Oil Co CASOC Contents 1 Early life 2 Discovery of Oil in Saudi Arabia 3 Awards and honors 4 See also 5 ReferencesEarly life editSteineke spent his early years on a homestead near Brookings Oregon one of nine children of German immigrants At the age of twelve he left home for nearby Crescent City California where he found employment at a lumber mill A school teacher with whom he boarded took an interest in him and encouraged his further education 3 In 1917 he entered Stanford University at that time no entrance examination was required He graduated in 1921 with an AB in geology In the years between graduation and the beginning of his work in Saudi Arabia he explored for oil in California Alaska Canada Colombia and New Zealand 3 Discovery of Oil in Saudi Arabia editOn May 29 1933 an oil concession agreement was signed between Saudi Arabia and Standard Oil of California SoCal and on November 8 SoCal formed a subsidiary the California Arabian Standard Oil Company CASOC to manage the concession The geological formation known as Dammam Dome was the first target of exploration initially investigated by Schuyler B Henry and J W Hoover in 1933 The first of a series of test wells was drilled into the formation in 1935 4 Steineke had arrived for the first time in Saudi Arabia in 1934 and was appointed chief geologist of CASOC in 1936 In 1937 he made a round trip of geological reconnaissance across the Saudi Arabian peninsula with a small party of other geologists 5 Meanwhile a series of test wells had been drilled at Dammam Through 1936 none of the wells had demonstrated the presence of oil in commercial quantities In December 1936 a deep test No 7 was begun at the urging of Steineke who wished to test the deeper porous limestone Arab Zone underlying impervious anhydrite All through 1937 No 7 experienced a series of expensive accidents and delays and SoCal management became increasingly impatient The Arabian venture was costing a lot of money and so far there wasn t much encouragement 6 In early 1938 Steineke was called back to San Francisco SoCal had reportedly decided to pull the plug on Saudi Arabian exploration Steineke now the chief geologist of the venture convinced his managers to at least wait for the results from Dammam 7 which was still drilling at a slow pace 7 During the first week of March 1938 at a depth of 1440 meters Dammam No 7 started producing at commercial quantities reaching more than 3000 barrels per day by the end of the month 4 5 The success at No 7 quickly led to further positive results and by 1940 the Dammam field was producing more than 12 000 barrels per day Steineke had found clues to oil at a site 30 miles from Dammam where in November 1940 the first well flowed at nearly 10 000 barrels per day 4 What Steineke had discovered was the huge Abqaiq field and King Abdulaziz named Well No 7 the Prosperity Well 6 Steineke developed the structural drilling technique a method of drilling shallow holes in order to discover and map the underlying rock formations 8 It was widely used in later exploration for oil in Saudi Arabia and cited when he received the Powers Award 9 of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists The methods he Steineke developed in the area probably resulted in the discovery of greater reserves than any other geologist 10 The method was instrumental 11 in the discovery of the most productive oil field ever found Ghawar 6 Steineke continued to work in Saudi Arabia during World War II During that period CASOC s role was to produce oil for the allies and protect the oil fields from enemy occupation 3 He continued as Aramco s chief geologist until 1950 when his health began to deteriorate 10 Steineke died in Los Altos California in April 1952 at age 54 Awards and honors editThe Sidney Powers Memorial Award American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1951 9 6 21 The Bedouin trackers led by Khamis ibn Rimthan ar renamed a Um Ruqaibah jebel as Usba Steineke Finger of Steineke As Thomas Barger wrote Max was much the same as Khamis Figuratively as well as literally they both seemed to know where they were and where they were going next 6 22 Steineke Hall a guest house in the Saudi Aramco Residential Camp in Dhahran was named in honor of Max Steineke Max Steineke Endowed Professorship in the School of Earth Sciences at Stanford University 12 See also editThomas Barger Saudi Arabian oilReferences edit In War and Peace 1927 1946 About Chevron retrieved 29 December 2011 Strangers From a World Unknown Saudi Aramco World May June 1984 retrieved 29 December 2011 a b c King Carol September 1991 Max of Arabia Stanford Magazine Special Centennial Edition 100 Years of Achievement 142 a b c Libby Michael Fall 1988 The Great Arabian Discovery Chevron World 22 25 a b Stegner Wallace January 1971 Discovery The Search for Arabian Oil Beirut Lebanon Middle East Export Press Inc a b c d e Al Naimi Ali 2016 Out of the Desert Great Britain Portfolio Penguin pp 16 19 ISBN 9780241279250 Traveling geologist website article referenced to Discovery The Search for Arabian Oil by Wallace Stegner 1971 Morton Michael Quentin 6 March 2018 Max Steineke and the Structure Drill GeoExpro 15 1 60 64 Retrieved 10 March 2018 a b Powers Award American Association of Petroleum Geologists a b Barger Thomas 2000 Out in the Blue Letters from Arabia 1937 to 1940 Vista California Selwa Press p 254 Sorkhabi Rasoul June 2011 Finding Ghawar The Elephant Hid in the Desert Endowed Professorships and Directorships School of Earth Sciences Stanford University Archived from the original on 2015 09 21 Retrieved 2012 01 03 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Max Steineke amp oldid 1181470383, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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