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Matagalpa

January 07, 2023

Matagalpa (Spanish pronunciation: [mataˈɣalpa]) is a city in Nicaragua which is the capital of the department of Matagalpa. The city has a population of 111,258 (2021 estimate),[2] while the population of the department is 600,057. Matagalpa is Nicaragua's seventh largest city, the largest in the country's interior, and one of the most commercially active outside of Managua. Matagalpa is the 4th most important city in Nicaragua and is known as the "Pearl of the North" and "Land of Eternal Spring."

Matagalpa
San Pedro de Matagalpa
Municipality
Matagalpa's Cathedral
Flag
Seal
Matagalpa
Location in Nicaragua
Coordinates: 12°55′N 85°55′W / 12.917°N 85.917°W / 12.917; -85.917
Country Nicaragua
DepartmentMatagalpa Department
Government
 • MayorSadrach Zeledón
Area
 • Municipality619 km2 (239 sq mi)
Population
 (2021 estimate)[1]
 • Municipality167,613
 • Density270/km2 (700/sq mi)
 • Urban
111,258 (7th Nicaragua)
ClimateAw

Origin of the name

 
A waterfall in the Apante area of Matagalpa.

According to Jeronimo Perez, a historian who visited this area in 1855–1856 the name Matagalpa means Cabeza Principal (Main Head) or Pueblo Grande (Big Town) from the Matagalpa indigenous language words: Maika=Head, Calpul* Town- But according to the Matagalpan linguist father Guillermo Kiene, a Catholic priest and missionary who lived from 1898 to 1959, the word Matagalpa comes from the Sumo language, and means "let's go where the rocks are."

There have been other descriptions of the word Matagalpa: -Here next to the water, and -Among Mountains ( "Aquí junto al agua" y "Entre Montañas"). These descriptions are believed to be related to the geographic location of the city, which is next to the Grand River of Matagalpa, and also surrounded by mountains.

Precolonial history

Matagalpa was originally an indigenous village. The Cacaopera people, or Matagalpa had their own language, which has been extinct since 1875. A document from the year 1855 with 97 words and phrases from the Matagalpa language can be found in the Daniel G. Brinton section of the American Philosophical Library in Philadelphia.

The Matagalpa made ceramics of a style known as "Ceramica Negra" and "Naranja Segovia", they also built stone statues representing their chieftain and warriors. They were feared by the Spanish because they were very brave and effective with their bows and other arms. It took 300 years for the Spanish to submit them, even at the time of Nicaragua Independence in 1821, there were many Cacaopera free in the central mountains of Nicaragua. In 1856 they were decisive to defeat William Walker's filibusters in the Battle of San Jacinto on 14 September 1856, where a column of 60 Cacaopera people with bow and arrows fought at the side of Nicaraguan Patriots winning that battle, which marked the end of Walker adventure in Nicaragua. That quest has been recognized by historians and archaeologists, and there is a popular movement to declare the Cacaopera as National Heroes by the Congress of the Republic next month of September 2011.

Post-colonial history

 
View of downtown from one of the surrounding hills
 
Street in Matagalpa, April 1988.
 
The National Police of Nicaragua operates the Matagalpa District Station.

Matagalpa was an existing indigenous town when the first Spaniards came to this region by 1528 during an attempt to find a water passage to the "Northern Sea", the Caribbean. (Nicaragua's Spanish colonization originated from the direction of the Pacific Ocean, which was called the Southern Sea by the Spaniards.

Matagalpa is located in the continental divide between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Many stories are preserved from colonial times about the British-controlled Mosquito Coast, and the Spanish-colonized Pacific area.

Gold was discovered around Matagalpa by 1840. Along with many Spaniards and Mestizos, it attracted German, American and British immigrants. Two of the better known immigrants of this period were Ludwig Elster (from Hannover) and his wife Katharina Braun (from Schwarzwald, Germany Black Forest) who planted the first coffee trees in the area, the beans from which quickly went to market in Germany. Coffee agriculture attracted more than 120 European immigrants, many of whom married Matagalpan women, and many of their descendants still live in the area.

In 1923 some Danish immigrants also came to Matagalpa, and settled in the highlands as well. Most of the Danish families went back to Denmark. Three families stayed: the Gröns, the Möllers, and the Petersens.

Matagalpa was also the city of refuge for many Nicaraguans escaping the invasion of Tennessean filibuster William Walker who took over much of the country and government in 1856. In Matagalpa the patriots organized the Ejército del Septentrión ("Army of the North"), which fought in and won the Battle of San Jacinto, assisted by 60 Matagalpa, on 14 September 1856, helping to end Walker's rule.

Matagalpa Department was also the birthplace of Ruben Dario, 1867-1916;Nazario Vega, Governor and builder of the Cathedral; Bartolomé Martínez, President of Nicaragua, 1923–24; Matias Baldizon Morales, 1820-1886, and Carlos Fonseca Amador, founder of the Sandinista Front in 1961.

Currently the department of Matagalpa is the second most populous in Nicaragua after the national capital (Managua), and the most diversified in production. Over the past few years Matagalpa has experienced a large influx of migrants (mainly peasants) from other departments, causing stress on infrastructure and the environment.

Matagalpa has a panoramic highway that starts in the city of Matagalpa and extends 30 kilometres (19 miles) to the city of Jinotega. Scenic views extend up to 140 kilometres (87 miles) away, to the volcanic range near the Pacific coast.[citation needed]

Many historians, archeologists, botanists and ethnologists have arrived in recent years to do research in this region. American and European descendants of the first settlers are also returning to visit the historical homes of their ancestors.[citation needed] MATAGALPA, SIGNIFICADO ETIMOLÓGICO . El nombre Matagalpa en lengua indigena Ulúa-matagalpa es “Maika Calpul”, o "Pueblo Grande", pues Maika=Cabeza, Calpul=Poblado. Así aparece en los registros eclesiásticos de los años 1600s y 1700s, y 1800s, con el nombre de Pueblo Grande. Ese importante pueblo indígena ya existía antes de la llegada de los españoles, sin embargo este 14 de febrero cumple 159 años de ser elevada a ciudad, al estilo castizo.

Economy

 
Cocoa is one of the main Productions of Matagalpa.

Matagalpa produces and exports beef, cheese, coffee, cacao, onions, tomatoes and mixed fruits and vegetables. For local consumption it produces flowers, wood, corn, beans, fruits (oranges, grapefruits, bananas, plantains) and many kinds of vegetables such as broccoli, and cauliflower.

Matagalpa is known for its coffee, its cattle, milk products, vegetables, flowers and mountains popular with ecotourists. It is the location of such storied mountain tourist resorts as Aranjuez, Santa Maria de Ostuma, and Selva Negra Mountain Resort.

A large part of the economy in Matagalpa depends on eco-tourism. Nature hikes, walks, and excursions are very common throughout Matagalpa, and the northern region on Nicaragua. One of the most recognized eco-tourism sites is Selva Negra Wildlife Refuge, with over 120 hectares (300 acres) of land dedicated to the conservation of the area's diverse flora and fauna.

Climate

Matagalpa, along with nearby Jinotega, enjoy "eternal spring" or all year, spring-like weather. Matagalpa lies more than 700 m (2,297 ft) above sea level with the average temperature ranging from 26 to 28 °C (79 to 82 °F)., and relative humidity between 75% to 85%. Average rainfall is 1,200 to 1,900 mm (47 to 75 in).

Gallery

  •  

    Main Street to Parque Morazan and Cathedral

  •  

    Overlook of downtown from Matagalpa-Jinotega highway during the dry season

  •  

    2007 Independence Day parade

  •  

    Home in Matagalpa

Notable people

International relations

Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in Nicaragua

Twin towns – Sister cities

Matagalpa is twinned with:

References

  1. ^ Citypopulation.de Population of departments and municipalities in Nicaragua
  2. ^ Citypopulation.de Population of the major cities in Nicaragua
  3. ^ "Partneri- ja kummikaupungit (Partnership and twinning cities)". Oulun kaupunki (City of Oulu) (in Finnish). Retrieved 27 July 2013.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Matagalpa, Nicaragua.
  •   Matagalpa travel guide from Wikivoyage

Coordinates: 12°55′N 85°55′W / 12.917°N 85.917°W / 12.917; -85.917

January 07, 2023
matagalpa, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, june, 2007, lear. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Matagalpa news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2007 Learn how and when to remove this template message Matagalpa Spanish pronunciation mataˈɣalpa is a city in Nicaragua which is the capital of the department of Matagalpa The city has a population of 111 258 2021 estimate 2 while the population of the department is 600 057 Matagalpa is Nicaragua s seventh largest city the largest in the country s interior and one of the most commercially active outside of Managua Matagalpa is the 4th most important city in Nicaragua and is known as the Pearl of the North and Land of Eternal Spring Matagalpa San Pedro de MatagalpaMunicipalityMatagalpa s CathedralFlagSealMatagalpaLocation in NicaraguaCoordinates 12 55 N 85 55 W 12 917 N 85 917 W 12 917 85 917Country NicaraguaDepartmentMatagalpa DepartmentGovernment MayorSadrach ZeledonArea Municipality619 km2 239 sq mi Population 2021 estimate 1 Municipality167 613 Density270 km2 700 sq mi Urban111 258 7th Nicaragua ClimateAw Contents 1 Origin of the name 2 Precolonial history 3 Post colonial history 4 Economy 5 Climate 6 Gallery 7 Notable people 8 International relations 8 1 Twin towns Sister cities 9 References 10 External linksOrigin of the name Edit A waterfall in the Apante area of Matagalpa According to Jeronimo Perez a historian who visited this area in 1855 1856 the name Matagalpa means Cabeza Principal Main Head or Pueblo Grande Big Town from the Matagalpa indigenous language words Maika Head Calpul Town But according to the Matagalpan linguist father Guillermo Kiene a Catholic priest and missionary who lived from 1898 to 1959 the word Matagalpa comes from the Sumo language and means let s go where the rocks are There have been other descriptions of the word Matagalpa Here next to the water and Among Mountains Aqui junto al agua y Entre Montanas These descriptions are believed to be related to the geographic location of the city which is next to the Grand River of Matagalpa and also surrounded by mountains Precolonial history EditMatagalpa was originally an indigenous village The Cacaopera people or Matagalpa had their own language which has been extinct since 1875 A document from the year 1855 with 97 words and phrases from the Matagalpa language can be found in the Daniel G Brinton section of the American Philosophical Library in Philadelphia The Matagalpa made ceramics of a style known as Ceramica Negra and Naranja Segovia they also built stone statues representing their chieftain and warriors They were feared by the Spanish because they were very brave and effective with their bows and other arms It took 300 years for the Spanish to submit them even at the time of Nicaragua Independence in 1821 there were many Cacaopera free in the central mountains of Nicaragua In 1856 they were decisive to defeat William Walker s filibusters in the Battle of San Jacinto on 14 September 1856 where a column of 60 Cacaopera people with bow and arrows fought at the side of Nicaraguan Patriots winning that battle which marked the end of Walker adventure in Nicaragua That quest has been recognized by historians and archaeologists and there is a popular movement to declare the Cacaopera as National Heroes by the Congress of the Republic next month of September 2011 Post colonial history Edit View of downtown from one of the surrounding hills Street in Matagalpa April 1988 The National Police of Nicaragua operates the Matagalpa District Station Matagalpa was an existing indigenous town when the first Spaniards came to this region by 1528 during an attempt to find a water passage to the Northern Sea the Caribbean Nicaragua s Spanish colonization originated from the direction of the Pacific Ocean which was called the Southern Sea by the Spaniards Matagalpa is located in the continental divide between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea Many stories are preserved from colonial times about the British controlled Mosquito Coast and the Spanish colonized Pacific area Gold was discovered around Matagalpa by 1840 Along with many Spaniards and Mestizos it attracted German American and British immigrants Two of the better known immigrants of this period were Ludwig Elster from Hannover and his wife Katharina Braun from Schwarzwald Germany Black Forest who planted the first coffee trees in the area the beans from which quickly went to market in Germany Coffee agriculture attracted more than 120 European immigrants many of whom married Matagalpan women and many of their descendants still live in the area In 1923 some Danish immigrants also came to Matagalpa and settled in the highlands as well Most of the Danish families went back to Denmark Three families stayed the Grons the Mollers and the Petersens Matagalpa was also the city of refuge for many Nicaraguans escaping the invasion of Tennessean filibuster William Walker who took over much of the country and government in 1856 In Matagalpa the patriots organized the Ejercito del Septentrion Army of the North which fought in and won the Battle of San Jacinto assisted by 60 Matagalpa on 14 September 1856 helping to end Walker s rule Visitor at Selva Negra Mountain Resort Matagalpa Department was also the birthplace of Ruben Dario 1867 1916 Nazario Vega Governor and builder of the Cathedral Bartolome Martinez President of Nicaragua 1923 24 Matias Baldizon Morales 1820 1886 and Carlos Fonseca Amador founder of the Sandinista Front in 1961 Currently the department of Matagalpa is the second most populous in Nicaragua after the national capital Managua and the most diversified in production Over the past few years Matagalpa has experienced a large influx of migrants mainly peasants from other departments causing stress on infrastructure and the environment Matagalpa has a panoramic highway that starts in the city of Matagalpa and extends 30 kilometres 19 miles to the city of Jinotega Scenic views extend up to 140 kilometres 87 miles away to the volcanic range near the Pacific coast citation needed Many historians archeologists botanists and ethnologists have arrived in recent years to do research in this region American and European descendants of the first settlers are also returning to visit the historical homes of their ancestors citation needed MATAGALPA SIGNIFICADO ETIMOLoGICO El nombre Matagalpa en lengua indigena Ulua matagalpa es Maika Calpul o Pueblo Grande pues Maika Cabeza Calpul Poblado Asi aparece en los registros eclesiasticos de los anos 1600s y 1700s y 1800s con el nombre de Pueblo Grande Ese importante pueblo indigena ya existia antes de la llegada de los espanoles sin embargo este 14 de febrero cumple 159 anos de ser elevada a ciudad al estilo castizo Economy Edit Cocoa is one of the main Productions of Matagalpa Matagalpa produces and exports beef cheese coffee cacao onions tomatoes and mixed fruits and vegetables For local consumption it produces flowers wood corn beans fruits oranges grapefruits bananas plantains and many kinds of vegetables such as broccoli and cauliflower Matagalpa is known for its coffee its cattle milk products vegetables flowers and mountains popular with ecotourists It is the location of such storied mountain tourist resorts as Aranjuez Santa Maria de Ostuma and Selva Negra Mountain Resort A large part of the economy in Matagalpa depends on eco tourism Nature hikes walks and excursions are very common throughout Matagalpa and the northern region on Nicaragua One of the most recognized eco tourism sites is Selva Negra Wildlife Refuge with over 120 hectares 300 acres of land dedicated to the conservation of the area s diverse flora and fauna Climate EditMatagalpa along with nearby Jinotega enjoy eternal spring or all year spring like weather Matagalpa lies more than 700 m 2 297 ft above sea level with the average temperature ranging from 26 to 28 C 79 to 82 F and relative humidity between 75 to 85 Average rainfall is 1 200 to 1 900 mm 47 to 75 in Gallery Edit Main Street to Parque Morazan and Cathedral Overlook of downtown from Matagalpa Jinotega highway during the dry season 2007 Independence Day parade Home in MatagalpaNotable people EditCarlos Fonseca FSLN FOUNDER Bartolome Martinez President of Nicaragua 1923 1924 Byron Rojas boxer Marina Jacoby Miss Nicaragua 2016International relations EditMain article List of twin towns and sister cities in Nicaragua Twin towns Sister cities Edit Matagalpa is twinned with Wuppertal Germany Tilburg Netherlands Sabadell Spain Gainesville United States San Pedro Sula Honduras Lewisham United Kingdom Valparaiso Chile San Francisco United States Retalhuleu Guatemala Heredia Costa Rica Oulu Finland 3 Colon Panama Antigua Guatemala Guatemala Cojutepeque El Salvador Saint Petersburg Russia Shanghai China Jalisco MexicoReferences Edit Citypopulation de Population of departments and municipalities in Nicaragua Citypopulation de Population of the major cities in Nicaragua Partneri ja kummikaupungit Partnership and twinning cities Oulun kaupunki City of Oulu in Finnish Retrieved 27 July 2013 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Matagalpa Nicaragua Matagalpa travel guide from WikivoyageCoordinates 12 55 N 85 55 W 12 917 N 85 917 W 12 917 85 917 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Matagalpa amp oldid 1093740348, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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