Mars 2MV-4 No.1[1][2] also known as Sputnik 22 in the West, was a Soviet spacecraft, which was launched in 1962 as part of the Mars programme, and was intended to make a flyby of Mars,[3] and transmit images of the planet back to Earth.[4] Due to a problem with the rocket which launched it, it was destroyed in low Earth orbit.[5] It was the first of two Mars 2MV-4 spacecraft to be launched, the other being the Mars 1 spacecraft which was launched eight days later.[2]
With the Cuban Missile Crisis unfolding, the USSR spacecraft Mars 2MV-4 No.1 was launched at 17:55:04 UTC on 24 October 1962, atop a Molniya 8K78 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.[1] The lower stages of the rocket performed nominally, placing the payload and the Blok L upper stage into low Earth orbit. When the Blok L ignited following a coast phase, lubricant leaked out of the turbopump, which consequently seized up and disintegrated. This caused the main engine to explode,[6] destroying the upper stage and spacecraft.[2] Twenty two pieces of debris from the spacecraft and upper stage were catalogued, which decayed between 29 October 1962 and 26 February 1963.[7]
Designationsedit
The designations Sputnik 29, and later Sputnik 22, were used by the United States Naval Space Command to identify the spacecraft in its Satellite Situation Summary documents, since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time, and had not assigned it an official name due to its failure to depart geocentric orbit.[3][8] A United StatesBallistic Missile Early Warning System station in Alaska detected the debris from the launch, and initially identified it as incoming nuclear warheads, since the launch had occurred during the Cuban Missile Crisis.[9]
Scientific Instrumentsedit
The spacecraft carried two instruments on board:[10]
^ abMcDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^ abcKrebs, Gunter. "Mars 1 (2MV-4 #1, 2)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^ abZak, Anatoly. . RussianSpaecWeb. Archived from the original on 20 July 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^Wade, Mark. . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 29 November 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^Wade, Mark. . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 8 December 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^Wade, Mark. . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^"Sputnik 22". NASA NSSDC. Retrieved 28 July 2010.
^Mihos, Chris (11 January 2006). . Case Western Reserve University. Archived from the original on 13 October 2013. Retrieved 29 July 2010.
^"Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958–2000". Solar System Exploration: NASA Science. Retrieved 2019-01-20.
January 01, 1970
mars, also, known, sputnik, west, soviet, spacecraft, which, launched, 1962, part, mars, programme, intended, make, flyby, mars, transmit, images, planet, back, earth, problem, with, rocket, which, launched, destroyed, earth, orbit, first, mars, spacecraft, la. Mars 2MV 4 No 1 1 2 also known as Sputnik 22 in the West was a Soviet spacecraft which was launched in 1962 as part of the Mars programme and was intended to make a flyby of Mars 3 and transmit images of the planet back to Earth 4 Due to a problem with the rocket which launched it it was destroyed in low Earth orbit 5 It was the first of two Mars 2MV 4 spacecraft to be launched the other being the Mars 1 spacecraft which was launched eight days later 2 2MV 4 No 1Mission typeMars flybyHarvard designation1962 Beta Iota 1COSPAR ID1962 057ASATCAT no 00443Spacecraft propertiesSpacecraft type2MV 4ManufacturerOKB 1Launch mass893 5 kilograms 1 970 lb Start of missionLaunch date24 October 1962 17 55 05 1962 10 24UTC17 55 05Z UTCRocketMolniya 8K78 s n T103 15Launch siteBaikonur 1 5End of missionDecay date29 October 1962 26 February 1963 1963 02 27 Orbital parametersReference systemGeocentricRegimeLow Earth achieved Heliocentric intended Contents 1 Launch 2 Designations 3 Scientific Instruments 4 See also 5 ReferencesLaunch editWith the Cuban Missile Crisis unfolding the USSR spacecraft Mars 2MV 4 No 1 was launched at 17 55 04 UTC on 24 October 1962 atop a Molniya 8K78 carrier rocket flying from Site 1 5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome 1 The lower stages of the rocket performed nominally placing the payload and the Blok L upper stage into low Earth orbit When the Blok L ignited following a coast phase lubricant leaked out of the turbopump which consequently seized up and disintegrated This caused the main engine to explode 6 destroying the upper stage and spacecraft 2 Twenty two pieces of debris from the spacecraft and upper stage were catalogued which decayed between 29 October 1962 and 26 February 1963 7 Designations editThe designations Sputnik 29 and later Sputnik 22 were used by the United States Naval Space Command to identify the spacecraft in its Satellite Situation Summary documents since the Soviet Union did not release the internal designations of its spacecraft at that time and had not assigned it an official name due to its failure to depart geocentric orbit 3 8 A United States Ballistic Missile Early Warning System station in Alaska detected the debris from the launch and initially identified it as incoming nuclear warheads since the launch had occurred during the Cuban Missile Crisis 9 Scientific Instruments editThe spacecraft carried two instruments on board 10 Imaging System MagnetometerSee also edit nbsp Spaceflight portal nbsp Solar System portal List of missions to Mars List of Mars Landers List of artificial object on Mars List of Venus MissionsReferences edit a b McDowell Jonathan Launch Log Jonathan s Space Page Retrieved 29 July 2010 a b c Krebs Gunter Mars 1 2MV 4 1 2 Gunter s Space Page Retrieved 29 July 2010 a b Zak Anatoly Russia s unmanned missions to Mars RussianSpaecWeb Archived from the original on 20 July 2010 Retrieved 29 July 2010 Wade Mark Mars 2MV 4 Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on 29 November 2010 Retrieved 29 July 2010 Wade Mark Mars Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on 8 December 2010 Retrieved 29 July 2010 Wade Mark Soyuz Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on 7 January 2010 Retrieved 29 July 2010 McDowell Jonathan Satellite Catalog Jonathan s Space Page Retrieved 29 July 2010 Sputnik 22 NASA NSSDC Retrieved 28 July 2010 Mihos Chris 11 January 2006 Soviet Craft Mars Case Western Reserve University Archived from the original on 13 October 2013 Retrieved 29 July 2010 Deep Space Chronicle A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958 2000 Solar System Exploration NASA Science Retrieved 2019 01 20 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mars 2MV 4 No 1 amp oldid 1097916576, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
